Ohio Jewish Chronicle, 1923-03-23

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Centra/ Ohio's Onljf
Jevoish Newspaper Reaching Every Home
Dgtfoted to Jim<ifiwn
and
J&siish IJsah
A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER FOR THE JEWISH HOME
Voltmie V —No. 5.
COT.UMliUS, OIIIO, MARCH 23, 1923
Per Year $3.00; Per Copy loc
BIALIK JUBILEE IS CELEBRATED
A. D. Markson, Detroit Hebrcniy
Scholar, Pays Tribute to
Poet Laureate
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U; S. AMBASSADOR URGED FRIENDSHIP TO JEWS
FORERUNNER OF REVIVAL OF HEBREW LANGUAGE
The fiftieth birthday of Bialik is be¬ ing celebrated this month through the country. The great Hebrew poet was born on Jan. 9, 1873, in Radi, Volhynia, Russia, son of a scholar and dreaiwir, but a poor man, who kept an inn nearby the Radi forest, whose natural beauties stamped an indelible impression on the future poet. At the age of C, Bialik's parents moved to Zhitomir, and the only consolation of the youngster in the fam¬ ily's poverty was again nature and the shores of the beautiful Tpterev river.
At the age of 7, Bialik lost his father and the family neicds increased. His fanatic grandfather prevented him from acquiring a worldly education, yet, at 12, he had already read "The Guide to the Perplexed," by Maimonides. At the Yia- fihivah he became influenced by the writings of Achad Ha'Am and learned the Russian language, in which he made a study of Frug's poetry. Hci later went to Odessa, where he supported himself by giving private lessons.
Establishes "Moriah"
Following the death of his grand¬ father, Bialik for a while interested him¬ self in a business venture, but later re¬ turned to literature and later opened a .printing shop and formed the Hebrew publishing house "Moriah." He has written a number of poems which wene published in book form) many ,of the selections being the most powerful writings since the days of the prophets.
Bialik, who has written mostly in He¬ brew, is an individualist, bound to no one, who has created his own school and has influenced pther writers. His po¬ grom poems arc monuments of the tragic epoch of the Jewish nation, most of them having been translated into Yid¬ dish and published in a special .volume iil 1913.   The poet now resides in. Ber-
BERLIN, (J. C. B.). —United States Ambassador to Germany, Allan T. Houghton, took It upon himself recently to make unofficial representations to and use his inHucncc with leading Germans, in government and private circles, with the view of pointing out to them the injustice and wrong of agitation against the Jews, the J. C. B. correspondent is informed by one who recently returned to Washington from Berlin and had occasion to learn the ¦, Ambassador's friendly activities.
The Ambassador, in his conversations is said to have pointed out that the American government was entirely out of sympathy with the anti-Semitic cam¬ paign, and that Germany was risking the loss of much of the good-will of the U. S. by continuing in the present course. Houghton further called at¬ tention to the contributions Jews had made in every walk of German life, showing how detrimental to its own progress the anti-Semitic movement is.
49,803 JEWISH IMMIGRANTS TO U.S.DURING 1922
Hias Organization Served During
tho Year over 250,080
Persons
ENES OF HORROR AT EXPULSION OF JEWISH REFUGEES
From Poland Little Children and
Aged Are Torn from Their
Homes
14TH ANNUAL MEETING        ! CIRCUMSTANCES BEING OF HIAS HELD MAR. llTHi ENTIRELY IGNORED
NEW YORK. —The Fourteenth An-.! LEMBERG, (J. T. A.). —Brutalities nual ineeting of the Hebrew Sheltering! that beggar description are becoming and Immigrant Aid Society of AmcriaJ libminonplaoe here in the execution of was held on ;Sunday afternoon, March {.the orders of the Polish government for 11, 1923, at the Hias building, 425-437 f.tl'c expulsion of the Russian and Lafayette Street, New York City, The i^Ukrainian Jewish refugees. Despite the liige auditorium was filled to capacit>-[.order of the govcrnmient that the expul- and it was found necessary to hold atsijsion is to be carried out with a minimum overflow meeting in the synagogue of 'oi severity, tho agents of the govern- the building. ' '"<="' bave instituted a reign of fright-
Mr. John L. Bernstein, president o.^i-iulness
the society, occupied thd chair.
The  proceedings   were   opened  with prayer by Rabbi Herbert S, Goldstein of
Families are being torn apart, the po¬ lice seizing the refugees wherever they May be found and refusing them even
Senator Watson Made Fortune on Frank Case, Says Georgia Editor
Governor Slaton, Who Commuted Frank's Sentence Now Pop¬ ular Again
WATSON, MILLIONAIRE IF FRANK LIVED ANOTHER YR.
the Institutional Synagogue, New York:'*''<= opportunity to join the rest of their
Mjamilics and leave the country together. Tn sonic cases little children have been
Reports 's
Mr. Bernstein presented a general re-; port upon the Society's activities here and in Europe; Mr. Harry Fischel, the treasurer, the financial statement, and Mr. Albert Rosenblatt, chairman of the Membership committee, a report of the membership growth of thei organization
IMMIGRATION BUREAU'S INCOME EXCEEDS EXPEK3E
LONDON, (J. T. A.). —In a discus¬ sion in the House of Commons today, Ormsby Gore announced that its Pales¬ tine (lepartment of immigration had netted a surplus of £1,000 over its cx- pcn.ses.
Mr. Gore's statement was in reply to a query by Mr. I-X)rimcr as to whether the Zionists were bearing any of the ex¬ pense of the immigration work.
A number of queries as to the Pales¬ tine situation were put to Gore in the House of Lords by Lord Apslcy. In reply Gore said that the average num¬ ber of immigrants monthly during 1923 was 054. During the month of Feb¬ ruary, a total of 2,r)00 were unemployed. This latter number, however, is not of Jewish unemployed exclusively, but of all classes.
Replying to the question as to whether the immigrants were religious, Gore said he hardly thought any Jew would come to Palestine unless he possesses some religious convictions, altliough the im¬ migrants may not be orthodox.
J.D.C. WILL WIND UP RELIEF ABROAD
Distribution Committee is Plan¬ ning to Raise Sum of $1,200,000
WILL FINISH EIGHT YRS. WORK ON JANUARY 1,1925
NEW YORK. —The late Senator Tom Watson, of Georgia, who led the fight against Leo Frank in Georgia, made $1,000 a week as a result oi the case, was the statement made here to¬ day to the Jewish Correspondence Bu¬ reau by Tom Loylcss, until recently edi¬ tor of the .Columbus (Georgia) "Sun- Enquirer" who is now ill New York.
"If they had let Frank live another year, Watson would have become a mil¬ lionaire," Loyless declared.
Watson, the Georgia editor cpntinued, openly urged the lynching of Frank, but hp didn't expect them to act on his word so quickly.   Personally, he would have
Speakers
Addresses wcre delivered by the Rev. Dr. Stephen S. Wise, Congressman Isaric Siegel, Mr. Jacob Massel, Vioo-Presidenl and Chairman of the Campaign Commit¬ tee, and Rev. H. Maslianslqr and Mri Isidore Hershfield, members of the Board of Directors.
The Deficit
At the outset of his report, Mr. Bern-> steiin stated that the Jews of Atncrica-{ responded to the call for financial sup.- port to cover the deficit incurred by tlie Society, and thus, prevented the curtail¬ ment of its activities- Mr. Bcrnstej^' further stated:
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(aketi from their homes unaccompanied. 'fhe same cruel treatment is being ac¬ corded to the aged men of 70 and over.
Circumstances  Ignored
',, Circumstances are being entirely ig¬ nored.    Seizure   follows  wherever the refugees are found.   The refugees then iijc spirited away to the borders. " No attention is paid by the police to iCe whether the refugee has succeeded in 'getting the passports, tickets for steam¬ ers and  made the necessary arrange- tfipnts for departure. '.; Three orphaned children of six, eight iinjl eleven were recently seized in this fashion and taken to the Russian bor¬ der despite the fact that they already liA'd passports and tickets—all ready for "sailing to America' in a few days. -.ft'Thc troubles of the refugees however tJfily, begin when they are taken to the J^ts-Miari-Polish border.   There the Bol- ,^^eyik soldiers are on the watch and will iiot permit the Polish police to leave
Council ol Jewish to embersliip Drive
America Has Approximately 600,-
000 Jewish  Women> States
the Council Report'
EACH SECTION ASKED TO ENLARGE MEMBERSHIP
"W6 began the year's work with,^ deficit ojF $300,000 and wc needed |20p;-.>he-Jewish refugees there, 000   additional   for   the   work,   Hir&j'^,;-During the hours  of the night the launched a special campaign with the,rc^,utefiig'ees are rushed to the frozen river
In announcing its membership cam¬ paign, the Council of Jewish women is¬ sued the  following statement:
"There are 600,000 Jewish women in America, and only 48,000 of this number are affiliated with the Council of Jewish Women. These; figures are a challenge to our women to enlarge tlie influence of our organization and to win for its purposes a far greater constituency."
Under the Committee on Extension, of which Mrs. William Loeb, of Provi¬ dence is Chairman, a special membership campaign committee has been appohited by Miss Rose Brenner, President df the Council, with Mrs. Clarence E. Mack, of
NEW YORK.—The work of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee,, which has provided relief in more than forty war-stricken coun¬ tries during the last .eight years, will be finished Jan. 1, 1925, it was announced. Plans for the completion of the work were approved at a meeting of the com- ' inittee held in the home of its chairman, Felix M. Warburg. The program - in¬ cludes a call for the immediate raising of $1,200,000 by American Jews for the care of war orphans in Central and Western Europe. Only .^1,513,000 of the fund already raised remains to be allo¬ cated, and this money has been turned over to a special committee in charge of Janxcs N. Rosenberg, vice-chairman of ,tlTe Joint Distribution Committee.
The Joint Distribution Committee at its meeting unanimously adopted the report of the Allocating Committee on the various branches of the worlt, which gave an accounting of th'e expenditure of $.54,653,668 and the present status of work in its different branches. A sum¬ mary of the report made public reads, in part, as follows:
"For the last four and a half years some 15.000 children have been taken care of in Central Europe and 2,000 in Palestine. The funds on hand of the Child Care Committee, which amount now to $912,830, will provide for the maintenance of these children up to Jan. 1, 1924.
Refugee and Health Work
"For refugee work the sum of onlj' $44,802 remains, and as the work is of such a nature that a crisis calling for large expenditures may arise any day, this sum will probably be totally ex¬ hausted in a very short while. ,.,%"For the medical and,health work, ,vh
BIALIK THE POET OF THE JEW- ISH NATIONAL REVIVAL
By A, D. Markson
Passion is one of the main character¬ istics of Bialik's Muse. When he sings of nature we think that he is in a dei- lirium of rapturous ecstasy. In his poems "Morning Breezes" and "When I Open My Window" he displays an un¬ quenchable thirst for light and the. most passionate and infatuated love for the glory of tha sun-
"Oh, how sweet! I close my eyes and I open them again 1 God, how the light ovCrflboded me 1 * .   * God, had you created seven suns in your firmament. They could not feeid to the full my glut¬ tonous and insatiable soul. More light. Lord of Glory, give light!"
These exclamations are ver;^ typical of a poet born in Radi, Volhynia, in the shadows and the gloomy darkness of the Ghetto and raised on the "graves of the fathers," as is expressing his own as well as his nation's longing for light and freedom of soul and body.
Displays Glory of (Darkness
One may come to think by the abun¬ dance of all imaginable synonyms of light in which we almost drown.when we read his paeims of light that Bialik is the poet of light. But when we read his wonderful poem, "Reflectipns of the (Contintied ott page 4)
amass a greater fo:':'.:nc out of the case.
Loyless claims to have the actual figures from the Thompson) Ga. post- office (Watson's home town) showing the increased earnings of his paper fol¬ lowing his vicious attacks on Frank. "His paper jumped immediately from 25,000 to 80,000 circulation."
Watson, Loyless says, did not per¬ sonally dislike either Jews or Catholics although he wrote the most inflamma¬ tory articles against both. His attacks were purely a matter of business with him. "Watson was too smart a man" said the Georgia editor, "to have any personal animus on racial or religious grounds."
Governor Slaton, of Georgia, whose own life was endangered as a result of his commutation of the penalty against Frank to life imprisonment, has now regained his popularity in that state, Loyless asserted.
Jewish Towns in the Ukraine
By LOUIS'FISCHER
The Oltio Jewish Chronicle presents .make it difficult to conduct business suc- herewith Ihe first of a series of notes joessfully. Taxes, I was told, are col- froin the diary of its special Ritssian llected as often as, and in what quanti- correspondent on 'his recent tour of in- jties, the authorities see fit. One keeper vestigation   to   towns   in   the   Ukraine [of a stall in the busy market asked me
135 JEWS LANGUISHING
IN INTERNMENT CAMP
BUDAPEST, (J. T. A.). —The notorious Hungarian war camp at Zala- gerzeg is still in existence, despite re¬ peated assurances of the government that -It would be closed. Among the 794 Russian war captives in the camp there are 135 Jews.
Attempting to explain its failure to close the camp the government declared that there is no place to send the pris¬ oners. The captives have no passports, the government adds, as Russia refuses to readmit them.
ARABS BOYCOTT
JEWISH ELECTRICITY
LEAGUE PROTESTED
ROUMANIAN EXPULSION
PARIS, (J. T. A.). —The League of Nations intervened in behalf of the Jew¬ ish refugees who were expelled from Bessarabia, according to advices received by the Jewish World Relief Conference here.
The Roumanian government in reply to the League's protest declared that the expulsions wcre unauthorized and that instructions had been issued by the gov¬ ernment as soon as it learned of them directing that no further expulsions take place in the future without the gjivern- inent's knowledge and consent,
HUGE WATER RESERVOIR AT SOLOMON'S POOLS
JERUSALEM, (J. T. A.). —The new reservoir of the Jerusalem waterworks at Solomon's Pools, between Bethlehem and Hebron, was officially opened by Sir Herbert Samuel wilh elaborate cere¬ mony. The reservoir which has a capacity of 40 million gallons is con¬ nected by a pipe system with Jerusalem
thickly populated by Jews. This article gives the correspondent's impressions of Jewish life in Zhitomir and Berdichev. —Emtor'& Note.
JERUSALEM, (J. T. A.). —Arab extremists arc waging their fight against things Jewish even to the point of refus¬ ing the use of electricity derived from a "Jewish" station.
Tjie Jaffa municipality has. decided to stick to the old hand, foot and horse power rather than utilize, any of the electrical power derivied from the Rut- tenberg station at the Auja.
Efforts by the government to convince the Arabs that electricity was neutral and knew no politics proved unavailing..
EVIL DAY IF BRITAIN
QUITS ZIONIST IDEAL
CAPETOWN, (J. T. A.). —Great Britain must not falter in the execution of itsJ {iromises towards the establish¬ ment of Palestine as the Jey^rish national home. This was the substance of an address by General Smuts, South Af¬ rican Prime Minister in opening a Jew¬ ish fete. Tuesday.
"It will be an evil day," said Smut», "for the British Empire if it ever de¬ serts the ideal of a definitely achieved national home for the Jewish people."
Since the; outbreak of the war Zhito¬ mir has lost one-third of its population and yet its 60,000 odd souls today suffer from insufficient housing accommoda¬ tions. One need merely stray through the streets to understand why. Invad¬ ing and retreating armies, robber bands and pogromists showed as little mercy to homes as to human beings. The fol¬ lowers of Denikin, the heroes of Petlura, and the soldiers of Poland have leit ter¬ rible witnesses and memories behind them. I was taken to a large courtyard surrounded by charred, crumbling, brick walls standing gaunt against the sky— the remnants of JiE.wish homes. As 1 looked a survivor came to tell the story. It was in July, 1020. The Poles haa held the town for eight days when news arrived that the Red Army was ap¬ proaching; Polish soldiers lencircled the block of houses and set fire to the prem¬ ises. Who tried to escape wcre shot at. The narrator was hit by a bullet but managed to raoe, away. Others perished like rats. This was part of the Polisli farewell. The dilapidation throughout the town is depressing but who can blame the people knowing that it would require tons of Soviet roubles to do any appreciable repairs.
Of the 60,000 inhabitants about four are Chinese (demobilized Red Army men) and 75 per cent are Jewish. Zhi¬ tomir is even more Jewish than this figure would lead one to believe. Non- Jews live on the outskirts of the town, tilling plots of land, peasant-like; others sit in goyernment offices. The workers and traders are Jews. But the woirkers number only 3000 as compared to some 40,000 petty Jewish traders. Business is legal and, all thes shops are open, but most 'Of the'goods are in the windows and most of the shelves are empty. Jewish merchants complain that the atti¬ tude  and  activity of  the  government
when the uncertainty was likely to end Would there be another war with the Poles? That such a war is but a remote possibility is not important. The fact is that these people made nervous by the pogroms, the. epidemics and the battles of the past eight years, tannot but fear a repitition of their calamities. The average man is high-strung, fretful, and unceasingly anxious. His only concern is the present. Materialism acquires a monopoly on life. There is no social or cultural activity except among the few Jewish workers. And even if the bour¬ geoisie desired to be active in these fields, it could not.
Fortunately for the minds and nerves of these people, the fear of bandits has subsided. More than ,700 ' bandits rfi- cently captured in one swoop are now in the jails of Zhitomir awaiting trial. The story of their capture is interesting.
For months, remnants of the counter revolutionary army of "^Petlura, and of the robber bands of Titiunik, had been preparing in Poland and in the gubernies of Podolia and Volhynia, hear the Po¬ lish border, to depose the Soviets and assume power. They were well equipped with machine guns and cannon. The at¬ tack was to take place on the anniver¬ sary of the Bolshevik revolution (No¬ vember 7th). Volhynia and Podolia were to be occupied first, then, with the added support they counted on finding in these provinces, the march on Kiev was to begin. The Ukraine would flow with blood once more.
Agents of the Soviet Tclieka joined the bands to learn the details of their scheme. Masses of anti-Jewish procla¬ mations were discovered calling on the. peasants to rise and slaughter the Jews. Samples of this liter.ature can be sieen in Zhitomir todays A certain Jewish vil¬ lage where ' once a bandit had been caught and shot, was to be wiped off the face of the earth, Jewish Government officials were to be buried alive.
Shortly before the day appointed for the attack an order went forth from (Concluded on page 8.)
most able and efficient president of one of the very energetic sections of the {.Council, the Cincinnati section, for a number of years. During her regime the Cincinnati section increased its mem¬ bership very rapidly and its work won added recognition in the community. She understands the problems of a sec¬ tion through a first-hand experience, and has a very definite idea of the best methods to be followed in increasing its extent and influence.
The office of the Exwutive Secretary is cooperating with this Special Mem¬ bership Campaign committee and has prepared a special pamphlet for its needs. It summjirizcs the Council's membership growth in the following figures: 1894, 1,324; November, 1911, 13,000; Novem¬ ber 1917, 23,000; November, 1920, 36,500; November, 1922, 48,000.
Each section has been asked by Mrs. Mack to use its present membership committee or to appoint a special com¬ mittee for this triennial year campaign. A.supply of pamphlets has been placed at the disposal of the sections for gen¬ eral distribution in the community and for the: assistance of the campaign work¬ ers, outlining the following:
1. The Council welcomes and serves the immigrant woman and girl upon ar¬ rival in America.
2. The   Council   has   an   Emigrant Center in Riga, and serves the emigrant mother and daughter in Europe. , 3.   The Council establishes religious schools for our children.
4. The Council does work for our lonely Jewish women on the farms.
5. The Council prepares women for intelligent citizenship.
6. Th« Council publishes interesting periodicals, such as "The Jewish Wo¬ man," and "The Immigrant." It has also published a course ou Jewish music.
7. The Council does philanthropic work of many kinds, and has estab¬ lished homes for working girls and for girls who need our protection and in¬ terest.
8. The Council does educational work and provides scholarships to keep chil¬ dren in school:
9. The Council renders civic service and works for better laws in our city, state and natiOn.
10. . The Council brings to its mem¬ bers a better understanding of Judaism and its literature, through its study cir¬ cles and classes. .
Mrs. Loeb, NatMnal Chairman on Ex¬ tension, announces that a very beautiful Council pin will be awarded to each inember who secures 25 or more new members. An effort will be made, to en¬ roll as ]arg6 a membership as possible among the 600,000 Jewish women of [America.
$467,730, of which all but $269,485 has been committed. The icntire amount will be exhausted in the course of the next twelve months.
"The greatest amount of work done during the last year was carried on in Russia, for which the sum of $7,475,783 was appropriated. This money has all been spent and allocated with the excep¬ tion of $230,000, which will be exhausted by August, 1923. Out of this sum $3,- 827,385 has been spent for purely non- sectarian work in the Ukraine, White Russia and on the Volga in conjunction with American Friends Service Commit¬ tee.
"That the largest, contribution from private sources toward the relief of the starving population of Russia came from the Jews of America, is indicated in the summary report of the Commission on Russian Relief of the National Informa¬ tion Bureau, which credits the American Jevvish Joint Distribution Committee with having given, up to December, 1922, the sum of $4,325,000 toward the Ameri¬ can Relief Administration's feeding pro¬ gram.
Information  Bureau  Report
"The National Information Bureau is an independent organization whose main business is to investigate all public ap¬ peals for philanthropic funds and the manner in which these funds are ad- (Continued on page 4,}
PRZEMYSL JEWISH
QUARTER ATTACKED
TWO INJURED
WARSAW, (J[. T. A.). —Hooligans identified as members of the Polish re¬ serve invaded the Jewish quarter of Przemysl and plundered" several shops, brutally beating several Jews and injur¬ ing an elderly woman.
The hooligans' attempt to molest Jew¬ ish butchers, however, proved disastrous to themselves, as the butchers fought back with their knives, wounding a few of the assailants.
STUDENTS' MEETING OF THE MENORAH SOCIETY
The Menorah Society will close this quarter with a meet¬ inar which has been arranged for students only, to take place Sunday, March. ZStb, at 2:4S p. in. at the Ohio Union Build' iug.
The program for the after¬ noon's entertainment has h&^a arranged aud every student ia urged to atteuid.
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