Ohio Jewish chronicle. (Columbus, Ohio), 1931-06-05

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Central Ohio's Only
Jetvish Neivspaper
Reaching Every Home
Devoted to American
and
Jewish Ideals
A WEEKLY NEWSPAPER FOR THE JEWISH HOME
Vol. XV—No. 2s
COLUMBUS, OHIO, jUNf-V 5, 1931
Per Year $3.00; Per Copy loc
By the Way By David Schwarlz
Memorial   Day   and   Jews
This is Ihc Memorial .season—llui sea¬ son when the suldier is in his Klory. So I was ^lad to do ntithintj but keep on packing my piix- tlie utlier clay, when Gt'otKe Cohen, of tlie Jcwi-sli VVeUarc Board continued tu exude statistics ami data (III the Jewish soldier—the Jcwj.sli dead at  Arlington and cognate themes.
Merc arc koiiic of the things 1 licar<l— that .sume twenty Jews have been buried at Arlington since the World War—that among the Jewish veterans at Arlington ia Ciciierjil Lacheimer, General of t<he Marine Corps (you never knew, and neither did 1, that there was a Jewish general of the heatheniecks in the World War); that' there were sonic •i-20,000, or clo.se to a quarter of a million Jews in the American Army during llie World War; that there are at present, approxi- rnatdy <i,0(IO Jews in the U. S. Army, : out of a grand total of something like 12fl|00().
Furthermore, T learned that the honor graduate this year at Annapolis is a Jew, Mauriee Hiibschman.
A Peculiar People Wc Jews arc eallwl a .^'peculiar peo' pie" and when I review some of tliese statistics, 1 cannot but admit tliat the charge seems true. Here, we are sup¬ posed to he a race of paeifists, yet we had in the World, more than our percent¬ age of Jews. .'\iid even today in^ the U. S. Army, there is more than our <|iiota of Jewsj
Yes, we Jews are a peculiar people. They take our Old Tcst:mient, and iHiint to Joshua, Gideon , and a phrase here and there, and say it is all .stern and militaristic. John Urown of Ossawa- toiiiie, we arf told, would have beai gentler had he studied the New instead of the Old Testament. When Cromwell marched with his sokliers, he went quot¬ ing the Old Testament, not the New. Otir Bible is all fight-fight and inili- ¦   tarisin.    .So they tell us. ,
We're Both—Militarists and
Pacifists
And  as  the  old  Jews  are  condemned
for heiiig too belHcose,  u'c moderns are
condemned for being too pacifist.   Scratch
the   leading  pacifists   in . any   country—
and you will find a Jew beneath.    Who
called  upon  the  Germans  to stay  home
. —when   their    Kaiser   called   them   to
war-^a  Jewish   Socialist.   .Who  induced
Mr; Ford to start a little voyage to get
boys out of the trenches by Christmas-—
a- Jewess.
.\nd yet—this race of pacifists has niore than its quota in the army. May and December Some' of the Washington scribes are just now haying a little gab fest ahout Paul May, the Belgian ambassador to the United States, who happens to be a Jew.
Some years ago, May was attached to the Belgian legation—and according to these scribes—he then made an attempt to join some of the smart clubs of the capi¬ tal city, But to no avail. He is a Jew —they wliispcred—and to May, if I may lie permitted to pun, the capital city seenied as cold as December.
But now—all of a sudden, all of the smartest clubs are trying to get May to join. For now, he is an ambassador— and besides, they have just begun tn real-: ize that he is immensely wealth}'—and he had oh su much polish and savoir faire. So now M!ay, if he wants to—can stick out his tongue or thumb his hose at them. Perhaps he'd do it, but it's oh "so un-' polished to project your taster.
Uncle Sol of Wisconsin The young secretary of Senator La Follette, Maurice Pasch, tells me a pleas- ant little anecdote about State Treasurer Sol Lt;vitaii of Wisconsin — familiarly Tcnown as "Uncle Sol".
Pasch says Uncle Sol himself used to
-    tell it.    It goes back to the humble days
of  Uncle   Sol,  when  as  a  peddler,  he
trod the cow paths of Wisconsin with a
pack on his back.
One day, towards dusk, Sol caine to a house in an isolated section of the conn try, where he thought he would put up for the night..' But as he neared the home he saw a sign: "No peddlers ad¬ mitted"..
Uncle „Sol hesitated — his feet were heavy—it. was now late—aud unless he got accommodations in this house, ht would have to walk several more miles. But Uncle S<d was ingenious. He took his pencil and wrote sctmething under the sign.
Then Uncle Sol  rapped on the door. The lady of the house o])eiied the door. "Could he stay there overnight?" The liidy  of the  house admitted hini. He sat dowii and rested.   In half an hour, the man of the house came. ..   He was   furious.    Didn't  the  sign on the house say  "No Peddlers admitted"? What did he mean hy cnnnng into fhe hou.";? when the sign plainly barred all Iieddlers?
"But", said Uncle Sol, "the sign said I could come in".
"O come, come", said .the man of the house, "sign says no such tiling."
"All right,,cmoe and sec," said Uncle Sol. They went out—and the man looked at the sign: "NO PEDDLERS AD¬ MITTED"—and then underneath he saw. EXCEPT SOL.' Winch iwstscript Uncle Sol had added previously with his pencil.
The  man  had  a  gocid   laugh.    "You have put one over on nie. Uncle Sol.    I guess you're wclconie here".  , .   Another   Sol   With   Horse  Sciise
Uncle Sol has ingeiniity—and so, it seems, had another Sol, the late Solly Joel, the <liamond king'of .Africa who has just died.
The story goes that when Joel first canie to South Africa, he was handi¬ capped in buying diamonds H the fact that he had to make all of his'purchases from the Boers, who bought them in the first place froni the natives. ' (CoHlinued on page 4)
NOTES  FROM THE  JEWISH INFANTS* HOME OF OHIO
The following memorials were received It the home: Mrs. h'mil Kohn in memory of loved oiu-.s, Mrs. Adele Kohn, Colum¬ bus, and W. L. Friedman of Cincinnati, Mr, and Mrs. .'\lfrcd Kbhackcr in mem¬ ory of Mr, W. L. Friedman, Mrs, Jnsepli i-vy and Mrs. Rich.
A donation from Mr. and Mrs. Henrj Gumble for the confirmation of Kose K. Lazaru.s and Barbara Jacobs; the Kens Club of Siiringficld, twenty-six dolls. A <Ionatinii was also received from Mni. Win. Steinem.
Regular    B'nai    B'rith
Meeting on Monday,
June Sth
Veteran   Trustees   Will   Be
Honored at Annual Temple
Dinner June 16th
The annual congregational dinner meeting of Bryden Koad Temple will be held on Tuesday, June ICth, 0:^0 p. in., at the Winding Hollow Country Club. *¦ '
Messrs. Joseph Basch and S. M. Levj who have served the temple for more than twenty-five years as members of the Board of 'I'rustees, vvill he signally honored at this meeting.
The annual review of activities of al! groups concerne<l with the temple will be announced. ^
Kcscrvations are now being made with the Temple office. Fairfax 78:_(8, 01 through Mr^. A. VV. Loeb, and Mrs, S. Goldsmith.     '
'I'he dinner will be served at a cost of one dollar.
All Zion Lodge members arc (
I requeBtcd (« be present «t o reg- {
[ ular meeting to be held at the )
I New   Virginia    Hotel.    Monday 1
} evening,   June   8th.     Important 1
1 matters pertaining to the good \
1 and welfare of the Ludg;e in par- I
; ticular and the Order in general I
( will he brought up for consider- (
i ation.     Secretary   I.  W.  GareU |
{ will again bring up the question }
/ of delinquent membership which 1
1 has given the lodge considerable \
1 worry    during    the    past    few *
i months. E
s Please turn out for this meet- (
I ing, especially if you have been (
( appointed on any of the standing I
I committees for the year's activi- j
J tics. 1
^ Don*t forget—Moiiday evening 1
i —at the New Virj^inia Hotel— \
j comer Third and Gay Sta. s
Michigan Governor Ignorc^s Protests of Jewish £ommunities in U^ S. Unconstitutionality in Signing Compul¬ sory Alien Registration Law
B'nai B'rith President Asks
Cooperation ^ in    Making
''Every Jew in America
An American"
CINCINNATI, O'HIO—With the ob¬ ject of ultimately making "every Jew in America an American," Alfred M. Cohen, president .of B'nai B'rith, has sent an appeal to some ' fifty; organizations en¬ gaged in Amcritanization work, asking thcin to intensify their efforts.
"Should occasion demand," Mr. Coheii wrote, "i shall call a conference to con¬ sider   further   ways and  means."
In his letter, Mr. Cohen pointed out several cogent reasons, aside from the duty which everyone who enjoys the pro¬ tection of our government owes the gov¬ ernment, why B'nai B'rith and other or¬ ganizations should stress Americaniza¬ tion work at present.
"The tendency towards closing the gates of this country to the immigrant is advaiidng," he wrote. "Bills have been introduced in Congress in several suc¬ cessive sessions, the purpose of which is to recpiire registration of aliens. If suth a law is enacted, quite likely attempts to create bureaucratic surveillance of aliens and raising barriers to citizenship will follow. Such surveillance will lead to abuses,- discrimination, and irritation in Ainerican  Jewish life.
"Prolonged continuance of present un¬ employment can easily result in the cre¬ ation of a feeling that work must be given citizens in preference to aliens."
As the first step in its own share of this work, B'nai B'rith, through its .Americanization Comniittee, headed by Sidney G. Kusworm, Dayton, Ohio, has calltKl upon ,all of its local lodges to re- ncwl their efforts along this line' in their resi)ective communities.
Rabbi Rivlin Urges Columbus
Jewry to Support the
Jewish Natl. Fund
Kabbi Solonion Rivlin; chairman.of the National Fund Council of Columbus, urges all Jews and Jewesses of Colum¬ hns and vicinity to do their duty towards the National Fund, on Sunday, June 7th and Hth..
All young ladies working for the Na¬ tional Fiiiid on tliat day either on the streets, in the stores, or .soliciting the homes, sh'oiild he acce|ited as representa¬ tives for one of the greatest caii.ses in history, "The Rcdcniptlon of Land in Palestine in the name of tlie Jewish peo¬ ple."
Kabbi Kivlin is confident that this year in spite of the depression, the income of tilt National Fund will be even greater tlian last year because more than ever the Jews realize the importance of Palestine to themselves, and lo the Jewish people as a whole,
Kememher the National Fund Day goes in force Sunday morning, June 7th, aiul will continue through Monday.
Mrs. Max Bogatin, (ill S. Richardson .\venue, is 111 charge of the flower sale. She is being assisted by Mrs. Ida Caba- coff.
Schonthal Camp Counsellors For Girls' Season Selected
Many .campers will, he happy to learn that a great many of the counsellors of last season will be with us again. T'le following counsellors have been selected: .Miss Esther Unger, of Cleveland, Ohio, will be I^ccreation Director. ¦ She is a graduate of the Cleveland School of Education, Western Reserve University, ;in<l, has taught iu the Public Schools. She was a counsellor at Camp Alliance and Camp Wise, and last season was f^ecreational Director of ¦ Schonthal Camp, '
Miss Esther Rein of Cleveland,Ohio, will be in charge of Friday Night Serv¬ ices and story telling. She is a graduate of the Cleveland School of .Education, Western Reserve University, and- has taught in Public Schools. She was coun¬ sellor at Camp Wise and Camp Alliance.
Miss Kost Stetelman of Columbus, Ohio, willdirect handcraft activities. She is a graduate of Ohio State University. Miss Stetelman has been associated with Schonthal  Camp since  its initial  season.
Miss Nell Stetelman of Columbus. Ohio, is a graduate of Ohio State Uni¬ versity. She has been a counsellor at Schontlial  Camp   fcVr  three  years.
Miss Kuth Foster of Cincinnati, Ohio, will be swimming director. She is at¬ tending the University of Cincinnati. She is a licensed Red Cross Life Saver and directed swimming and boating ac¬ tivities at Schnnthal Camp last season.
Miss Evelyn Ginsburg. of Cincinnati, Ohio, will direct dramatic activities. She is attending University of Cincinnati. . Additional counsellors will be an¬ nounced at a later date. With this ef¬ ficient and e.\i>erienced staff campers are assured tlie best care and training at Camp Schonthal.
C;imp Registration Book.'; are now open for ¦ Columbus canipuns for a period of one week or more. .Out of town campers must be registered for two or more weeks. Gi^;la' season from June lilst to July lilth. Boys' season of five weeks from July ll'th to August 2;:ird. Complete instructions may he had by communicating with Schonthal Center, J."i5 E. Rich St., Adams 'A'.V2i).  .
DhyntOlt — Governor Wilber M. Bnickcr signed the compulsory alien rt'gi.';trati<in hill tliis afternoon at Lan¬ sing despite the overwhelming opjMJsition tb the bill on the part of numerous gronps wilt) have protested that it is unconstitu¬ tional and that it violates the federal coii- slitntioii. The measure has been await- ihg the governor's action since May 21 'Ahen it wa.s |>assedln' tremendous ma¬ jorities in both houses of the legislature.
The opposition is prepared with papers t*t go to court Monday morning to take onl all injunction against state officials tl> prevent them from enforcing the law <'n Ihe ground of its unconstitutionality.
Prolest.s have flooded the executive Cbaniher in the last.week urging the gov- t'rnor not to sign the measure. The .American Jewish Committee, the Ameri¬ can Jewish Congress, the American Civil Liberties Union and an imposing Detroit Committee headed by Rabbi Leon Pram, Fred Butzel, Mayor Frank Murphy and former Jiidge Patrick O'Brien had been organized to fight the measure.
A number of briefs were submitted to the governor in an endeavor to deinon- •itrale the unconstitutionality uf the act whicii affects 100,000 people in Detroit alone. The bill was sponsored by the fed¬ eral department of immigration in effort to obtain tht states' aid in the at¬ tempt to secure the deportation from tliL country of so-calle^d undesirables and those who entered the country illegally.
The measure prohibits' the employment of any aliens who do not possess a reg¬ istration  card   issued  by   the   State   De¬
partment of Public Safety. Firms vio¬ lating this iJrovision will be subject to ninety days in prison. .Aliens unable to produce a rcgistratinii card will be sub¬ ject to similar penalties and will be turned over by the state police tr) the United .States inimigration authorities for de¬ portation.
The bill eni|)owers Oscar G. Olander, state commissioner of public safety, to enlist the aid of circuit court judges in condncling tlic registration and he can demand   fingerprint.^  and   photi)grapli.s.
Leading cDiistitutional authorities have declared that the bill is unconstitutional and have |>niiitcd out that the state has no power to.regulate immigration ur to exclude aliens or to interfere with the power of Congress to regulate commerce, hy iiniK)sing fines and jail sentences u|)ori those hiring alien labor.
The action of the governor was some¬ thing of a surprise in view of the fact that a nuniber of assistants to .Attorney- General Paul VoOrhies, who prepared' a report on the hill for Governor Firucker, Iiave found it illegal. The fX'troit com¬ missioner of ixdicc had informed Gov¬ ernor Brucker that the act was unfavor¬ able,. The governor himself had held up final decision on the bill' pending a study of the various briefs and protijsts and be bad indicated that he would veto it if he found the act unconstitutional.
Twenty-one other states are under¬ stood to be ready to follow the action ol Michigan in passing alien registration law's.
Annual Installation of T. Ll hachnosath orchim so
c ^   L    J nr     u 1J CIETY TO HOLD DINNER
Sisterhood Was Held
Tuesday
Ladies' Free Loan Society. Will Hold Annual Picnic At Olentangy Park July 12
hillel players elect
The new oflicers of the Hillel Players for next yegr are as follows: Sol Kap¬ lan, president; Jack Effrat, vice-presi¬ dent; and Odessa Dubinsky, secretary.
The Ladies' Free Loan Society of Co¬ lumbus will hold its annual picnic on Sunday. Jnly liith, at Olentangy Park. 'I'he entire Jewish community and their friends are all invited toi come. All those who attended, last year's picnic will recall the splendid entertainment provided for all. From all indications, the picnic this year will be even more enjoyable and entertaining.
Mrs. A, Goodman and Mrs, IL Beck¬ man have been apiwiiitcd as co-chairmen in charge of ticket sales. Tickets may be procured by calling either one of the above ladies at Garfield 2417-W, or Gar¬ field •IJlW, respectively. These tickets are selling at only ten cents which is the regular admiasiolt fee at Olentangy Park. Ill addition to admitting the holder of the ticket to the park, it entitles him or her to a chance on a drawing to be held at 7 o'clock at the picnic headfjuarters.
The committee urges everyone to hr" .g their families and friends, and not v> forget all the kiddies as there will be numerous amusements for them too. Bring your picnic basket. Plenty of tables will be provided in the picnic grove for everybody.
Plan to sjieiid all day amid the nu¬ merous attractions of Olentangy Park which will  include swimming, the new
The annual installation luncheon of the Tifereth Israel Sisterhood was held at the East Broad Street Temple on Tuesday, Jniie 2nd. This was the closing meeting of the year and Mrs. Max Bo¬ gatin presided. Summaries of activities for the year were made.
Melville D. Fraiik, councilman, installed the new officers and board, who arc as follows: President, Mrs. Max Bogatin; 1st vice-])residcnt, Mrs. Morris N. Sie¬ gel ; :.^nd vice-president, Mrs. Walter Katz; recording secretary, Mrs. A.'G, Ilassel; corresponding secretary, Mrs. L. I,. Silverbcrg; financial secretary, Mrs. L.. Schlesinger; treasurer, Mrs. H. Katz, auditor,  Mrs. John  Katz.
The members of' the board fur ¦ tht; coming year are comprised of the follow^ ing: Mesdames B.VV. Abramson, S. Ber¬ man, J. K. Bornstein, L. Cohen, M. l-'enerlicht, IL Finkelstein, .B. Grossman, A, Jaffe, A, E. Katz, H. Keleman, A. Kohn, F, Kline, B. F. Levinson,- E. Lowenstein, S. Marx, David Pastor, T. Polster, S. Rivlin. H. Kosenthal, Wm. Koth, J. Sand. W, Schartz, and J. Was¬ serstrom.
Mrs. Justin Silhnan, entertainment chairman, presented a, program inclnding Miss Lillian Levin who rendered several violin .'iolos, accompanied oh the piano.b\ her sister, Evelyn Levin; Herman Sil¬ verman of tlie Eddie Powell School oi Dancing, who jierfarmed tap dancing, accompanied ou the.i)iano by Miss Sylvi;^ Phillipson; and several vocal sclcctioiu were sung by the Misses Annette Kati and Xliriam Berman.
Mrs. F. Lowenstein and her committet. prepared a delicious luncheon which was served prior to tlie meeting.
fhe Imnorary board which consists of Ihe past presidcnt.s is as follows: Presi¬ dent, Mrs, Win. Roth, Mrs. Max Bren^ der, Mrs. Louis Topper, Mrs. Morris Bolster, Mrs. Leon Nason,, Mrs. Louis Levin, Mrs. Max Wider, and Mrs. li W.   .Abranison.
JUNE 14th
.A dinner under the auspices of ."the Ladies' Machnosath Orchim Society will be held in the baiKpiet hall of tlie Agu¬ dath -Achim Congregation on Sunday eye- mug, June 14Ui, at Gd'clock, Mrs, I. Goldfarh is in charge of this dinner There will be a nominal charge of iiOc per plate, and reservations can be made by calling either Mrs. H. Center; Ad. WM, Mrs. C. H. Furman,, Fa! 2(i;3.% Mrs. H. Block, Ga. 22aS-W. or Mrs, B. Piatt, Ev. IMO. .
The' Shelter Home located at .485^2 E. Livingston Avenue has been completely furnished, and a very good house-keeper has been secured. Open Mouse will be held Sunday, June Mth, from *2 p. m. until 5 i>. ni. Tbe public is cordially in¬ vited.
Tbe LadiesMIachnosath Orchim take this uieans of thanking each and everyone who contributed towards the furnishing of this home. Special thanks is given to the Nelson Furniture Co. and C. and H. Margulies for their kind donations.
PIONEERS OF PALESTINE
MEETING JUNE 10th
PEN SERVICES HELD
Services at the Ohio State Peniten¬ tiary for llie Jewish inmates were held last Sunday with .Allan Tarshish in cliarge. Mr. Morris Supran, wjio ha.s been regular in attending the weekly services and giving of his time unself¬ ishly, has trained a very fine choir of Jewish inmates for the singing of re- spniiSL's.
The B'nai B'rith committee in charge of serving the Jewish inmates at the Penitentiary, is under the leadership of Jack Myers, who has been doing this work for more than fifteen years.
Pioneers of Palestine will hold a reg¬ ular meeting. June 10th at .Agudath Achini Synagogue at 7 :;!0 P. M. Enter¬ tainment by Mrs. A. Berliner, Mrs. S. Berliner and Mrs:  K.  Mellman.
-^Mrs. S.' Sonkiii, Sec'y.
To   Observe   Palestine Flower Day June 7th
Hegnlar   Income   Must   lie   Inrenscd
Parallel with Work For Five Year
Land Plan,  Neumann Issues
Appeal
NEW YORK, N. Y.—Special—In hundreds of communitios throughout the Unitc<l States, J. N. F. Flower Day, one uf the most popular days on the Jewish calendar, dedicated to the presentation of the ideals of. Zionism and to the strengthening of the fund whose purpose it is to redeem and reclaim the soil of the llnmeland, will he observed on Sun¬ day, June 7th, it was announced by Mr. ; Emanuel Neumann, president of the Jew- ish National Fund of America.
Extensive preparations are being made for converting Flower Day into a mighty demonstration of Zionist strength. J. N.i F. committees of Zionist Districts, Ha¬ dassali Chapters, Camps of the Order. Sons of Zion, Zeire Zion Groups, Pbale Zion, Avukah, Pioneer Women's Or¬ ganizations and branches of other Zion¬ ist youtli, and adult organizations are busy preparing plans. for securing the largest possible nuniber, of volunteers for tlie sale of the Palestine flower for the benefit of the agency of the Zionist niovenieiit which is deyling with the prob¬ lem of land redemption.
This jear's Flower Day will be the )8th annual event of its kind. On Flower Day the general Jewish public is afforded a chance of contributing to the Fund', even in the present hard times, in a "giv¬ ing which docs not hurt." During the past 18 years Flower Day and Flag Day have brought to the coffers of the Fund a sum greatly exceeding ^100,000, col¬ lected in-smair coin contributions.
An appeal to the thousands of volun¬ teers who have, signified their intentions to participate in the sale of the Palestine flowers was issued by Mr. Emanuel Neumann who declared:
"Zionists realize now that the Jewish National Fund is the backbone of Jewish coloiiizatipn in Palestine. It is one of the strongest and safest foundations of the Jewish National Home. Zionists and Jews throughout the world iiave demon- ¦ strated. their undiminishing belief in the puriMJses and ideals of the Fund through a mounting scale of .support extended even under the most dilVicylt economic conditions. ,;.
"American Zionists, however, face a particiilar res|>onsibility in coniiection vvith Flower Day this year. We have recently embarked upon a great under¬ taking, the U-ssi-shkin Land Redemption plaii, w'liich, \vhen carried out, will shed glory on the name uf America aiid the' Jews of .America through linking them " indelibly with what will be known as the .American Tract in Palestine. This re¬ quires a suni of not less than five million dollars. To make up this total, larger contributions arc called for on a five year basis, ft is of paraiuauiit importance that parallel with this great and signifi¬ cant endeavor, which is being undertaken by the Keren Kayemeth League branches, there should be made a sustained and contiiuinus elTort on the part of the tried and devoted J. N. F. workers for main¬ taining aud even bettering the record of rccjeipts of previous Flower Day coUec- tiolis," Mr. Neumann's call stated.
Italian Jewry Awakes to Need of Fighting Assimilation in Order to Survive as Jew¬ ish Nationalism Grows Among Youth
aeroplane, dancing both aftcrnoun and evening, etc, etc.
For the kiddies there will be a free playground with many swings, whirl¬ winds and slides. There will be a free zoological display, and in the evening a free show at the opea air theatre.
Remember the date—July 12th—at Olentangy Park.
ROME—(J. T. A.)—Italian Jewry i has now awakened to a realization of the fact that it must fight assimilation if it is to survive at all. The idol of assimila¬ tion is losing its fascination even in Italy, where Jews are more merge<l with the general pepwlation than i>erhaps in any other country. The younger Jewish gen- eraHon is more and niore developing an interest for Jewish problems and liaii- jicnings. Jewish national and religious cc-nscionsness is growing among them...
Jewish assimilation in Italy has its own historic reasons. .As is well known,,Italy has been in existence as a unified country only since 1870, In that year General Cadorna captured Rome, proclaimed it the capital of the new Italian kingdom and thus brought the. Papal Government to an end.
In 1870, too, the walls of the Roman ghetto, within whicii Jews had been liv¬ ing in painful existence during three hun¬ dred years, fell. The new liberal gov¬ ernment [iroclaimed equal rights for Italian Jewry. Italian Jews, especially from the Piedmont district, took an ac¬ tive iiart in the "Risorginiento" campaign, and the new governinent, immediately upon its organization, entruste<l them with important offices.
Memorial Stressed Assimilation The Italian Jews were animated by (md desire: to enjoy the full eipiality which had been granted them and to work to- •jether in every field with the Italian peo- nlf. Ill the memorial whicii Roman Jews urescnted to King Victor Emanuel, shortly after the capture of Rome, this desire for assimilation was very strongly stressed.
The process of assimilation proceeded raoidlv. The traditions of the old Jew¬ ish cultural centers of Italy, of Livorno,
which   was   called   "the   Jerusalem   of Italy."   of   Pisa,   Florence,   Venice   and . Padiia,   were   seriously   threatened.
Tlic number of mixed marriages con¬ tinued to.„grow. Even the leaders of thi Jewish communities and their kin, did not set thi^proiK.'r example.   Those Jews who
lized the danger t|ireateiiing Italian Jewry were powerless. Even today the <|ues1ion of mixed marriage is one of the , greatest problems which confronts Italian Jewry. The solution of the problem is made more difficult because the majority of Jewish cnmmunities bave no more than a few hundred Jews and the Jewish settlements arc spread over the whole country. But even in the larger Jewish centers, such as Trieste. Florence, Livttrno. Venice and even Rome, until now it has been impossible to stem the growing tide of liiixed marriages between Jews and Christians. Recently the fa¬ mous Jewish lawyer, Giulio Lombrozo of Livorno, issued, a warning about this matter.
"The Jewish family," he wrote in the weekly Israel, which apiiears in Florence, "can only be saved from annihilation if the Jewish communities in Italy will re¬ alize that we have reached a point where it is absolutely necessary to take the proper steps."
Proposes National Congrresa
He proposed that a congress of all Italian-Jewish communities be called in Verona, or In ai.i-tlier city, to discuss what stens mu>t Ite taken against the danger of mlx<d iharriages.. Now woiild [le an especia'iy favorable moment foi convening such a congress.
Mussolini's conciliatory poHcv toward the Vatican, the increased influence of Catholic clericalism, the ogt-and-^out (ConttHtted o» page 4)"
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