Mt. Vernon Republican (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1854), 1860-08-02

              Ah 1U Itl. ('! . .r. . Vbi. tri. MOTJisrrp , ,VEJ3iroN:,i omo; ,ia7xrurijix5r, uoTTon?,' a, ; 4.300. I ;.'! r.l ' . 1 fi.vi'f f-r I.! e , , JMO. UVa II 9 Hp J u :mm i j k 4 t i i i.i i i i i r-i i ibi 1 ' 1 TWO . WATS TO MAKE MONEY. . A PiacttcalSlory For Farmers. The following story of real life 10 plainly exhibits a lesson which might be profitably followed by many of our people, that we give it to the reader simply at it occurs d, only Concealing the real names of the parties coo earned. And as the story bears its own mor al, we will not tire wilh any reflections, John Poland and Anson Lyman bought farms adjoining; each other. The land had fomerly been owned by dm .man, who bal carried on. thi whole, employing a heavy force tn the work. When the two friends bought the Una ik wu as equally divided as follow; and a'ter the line of separation bad been run, those who had worked in uoh on the land declared that they would not give the "toss of a copper" for a choice betweea the two farm. The old buildings were almost useless, so new ones were erected, an 1 at the Sims time both men commonced farming in earnest. They were poor, baring paid their list pinnies for the farms, and be ing obliged to run some in debt to get stook and tools. In all respect the two man commenced venly. They were both married, and while Poland had one son and two daughters, Ly man had one daughter and two sons. "Look ye," said Lyman as theylht togeth er a'ter their farming operations were commenced, "I have set my mark to aim at; '. am determined if I hare my health to lay up thousaad dollars, clear of everything, in fire years." ' "That's rather a abort time for such a pur pose," returned Poland. "Not a bit," cried the other enthusiastically; "I am not going to wear my backbone away for no'.htng, I am going to lay up money." "So I hope to do," said Poland; but money is not the first consideration." "What is the reason it isn't?" asked Ly man. kIf yon hate money you can hare every- thing. Money is the ky that unlocks al doors the card that admits yon to all pi a ces. 0! give md a thousand 'dollars, and I will be content." "So must I bare a thousand dollars, remarked Poland; and then the conversation took another turn. One day a man came along who had come splendid young cattle. They were of pure English breeds as ever imported, and came very high. Poland saw him and hailed him Our fri end was anxious to grow fine stock, and be knew he must outuiance tha right way. The owner of the stock s til he was willing to sell, but he must have his price. He had a fine young pair, male and femaie, two years old, which he would sell for two hundred dollars. Poland offered him fais note on six months, together with the cattle as security. The owner was sat isBed, and the bargain was made. The animals was biought borne, and PoUnd was Dot dif appointed in his purchase "Paew," broke from Lmui's lip), as he hoard the price which his neighbor had paid (or the new stock. "Two hundred dollars for a two year old bull and heiforl Why, what on earth could you have been thinking of, Poland? Why 1 would not have given seventy-live dollars no how. My cows will give give as inuali milk a nd make as much butter .and cheese. 'I tell you plainly you will never see that thousand dollars if yiu lanch out is that way." "But my dear sir, I am ditermined to have the best stock I oan get," returaed Poland earnestly; "for those farmers who have made most money have med it from stcck, I assure you it is one of the greatest tailings our 'armors have that they ere -ciateated with small, poor cattle, when, by little trouble and expense, they could have much better." "My stock answers my purpose, at any rate," resumed Lyman, "I can not afford to pay two hundred dollsrs for a pair of two year olds, and one of them a hoifar at tbat when for fifty dollars I can buy one of thu best cowb in the oountry." ''You have a right to your own opin'on." "Aye and I'll have my th.iu-.and dollars, too." laughed Lymau, as he turned away r It was only a short time after this that tho canvasser for a good weekly paper stopped at Lyman's house; but the host could not aiTord to lake it. "Hadn't 70 u better?" ventured his wile. ''No, Ypii know what I told you Dolly. I must have. that thousand dollars!" Then ycil will cot take it?" said the gent. '' !'No sir? can't afferd it. -But there' day-neighbor Polond ho will take anything that nybody oftrs hfrn.' J"'.! "I have called on him, sir, and he told me I had butter stop here. "And Jid ka subscribe ?" Yes, and paid me the money." . , "I tell ya, Dolly, Poland', thousand dollars will come out minus now you mark my ,k oris." p 1 Dolly .Lyman said nothing, lor she was troubled jst' that moment with the thought ttnfrber husband as exrobang a spirit of peuurinusneia which looked rathtfrtMaa; but no did not say so. i ' '" '. Hallo! wbat are you do ingXcried Lyman s he saw. Piilaod commencing to run a leaco across his field. "I am going .to throw out just half of the Held into pasturing," returned Poland. ' "What!" exoiaiiaed Lyman, scarcely able to btlitv what he heard. - "To row off half your bVUt 'Why that won't leave yon mure than twenty acres to ull." : 1 , 1 v "I know it aud that's all 'I want' lam determined' not to: waste my time and energies tn swinging-a sythe over; forty acres of land after five'end twenty ton of h&y "whin I oan got forty tons from twenty acrcs.'.r-"'Crazy'as a inarch tare," muttered Lyman as he turned away. '.11: v Ere long Lyman was met by another sur prise, lie was at the hotel in the viliage one day, and there he learned that bis neighbor Polnnd had engaged all their manure for four years; and he was to pay for it in wood, and butter and cheese, and suoh other articles as might be wanted. "Dolly, what do yousippose Poland has been and done now?" "I don't know, I m sure," retnrned the wife, looking up. "Well, I'll Ull you. He's been and en gaged all the manure nude at the tavern sta bles for the next four years, and he's got to haul wood and let butter and cheese go to pay lor it !" On the same day he saw Poland and asked him what he meant. "I mean to brio? my farm up;" replied the latter. "But I can get enough for two acres of corn every year, and that's enough," said Lyman . "For you it may be, , but I wish to manure more. Our land was well run out when we took it, and in order to get it up to its fullest capacity, we must be prodigal of rich dresB' ing." "Well," said Lyman, with a sort of playful expressions, "ago ahead; but if you ever see your money lot me know." "I'll give you a good account never fear" retured Poland, laughing. "I must feed my land, if I would have it feed me. We have not got land here like those rich alluvial bottoms in the West. My land needs nourish ing now," But Anson Lyman could not see the use of wasting money ia that way. He thought the man who would first cut his tillage laud down one half, and then go off and buy such a quantity of manure must be little better ihan foolish. Ue was sot such a fool at all events. During the following winter, while Lyman was cutting and hauling wood to the village for two dollars and a half a cord, poor Po land was hauling his to the tavern to pay for manure which be had not cot vet. It was on tbo first day ol April that Po lnnd came to bis neighbor. He wanted to t. 1 1 I 111 r uunuw umiureu aouars lor six montns or a year, if he could. "What are you going to do with it?" asked Lymau. "I want to make some improvements in my barn cellar, and also enlarge the building by putting on a tie-np, thus throwing tbo cattle jutof my main barn." "I declare, Poland, it is too bad," said Ly man pityingly. "Here I have laid up over two hundred dollars clear cash, and you are worse tnan nothing in debt. By the iineo, John, I do not want to see you fooling away money so, Your barn Is large enough as large asinine is wiih double land to empty into It. If I lend vou a hundred dollars what assurance have I that I will ever see it? I would rather let it go where I know it is safe. I should not want to sue vou. and I might not got it without. Your farm is as good as mine, and you have no more need of borrowing than I have or you shouldn't have." John Poland did not say anythinir about the two animals he boujrht a year and a hall before and the calfth'y had yielded him. for wb:ch he had been offered within the week our hundred dollars. He owned that amount of stock over and above that owned by Lyman. Ua turned tha subjuot of con-versation as soon as po-siWo, for lie wanted to hear no more reasons from his friend for not lending him the money. 1 hat afternoon he wont over to see the man of whom he had boHght this now stock, wlio readily lent him the rroney he needed. "What a fool!" said Lyman, as he saw the carpenters at work tearing away one whole sido of hi.s neighbor's barn preparatory to adding an apartment capable of accommoda - ting lorty five head of cattle. Ilowaver, Po. land worked on, and tried in vaio to get his neighbor to listen to his advice. Do not talk to me," cried Lyman, at the end of the second year. "I have sot four hundred dollars tt interest. How much have you got?" ' "A thousand or so," returned tho other. "Eli? what do you mean?" "Why all tha money I have laid out on this plaoe is on Interest." "Oil. ah, ah. ah, ah, and how much inter est have vo realiiid?" "So far I have let it all ran 00 compound interest right in with the principil, and thcro lies." "Yes, and thore it will lie. I can't believe yon can laise Q'ty dolUrs now in oash." ; "You are right, Lyman. I could out raise it without selling something which I do not wish at present to part with." "I thought so, but take your own way." Ere long A-non Lyman was astonished to find that his neighbor had sutucrilied fer an other papor, besides b'iyir a lot of books for bis children. "What's the use?" he said, as he sat in his neighbor's room, and saw a large pile of books on the Mf. "I want ray children to I earn to work not to b spending their time over books. They get schooling eaoiigh when our school is open." '. -. ' "So I mean that my children shall leara towork," returned ' rolaad; but that shall ot prevent tbtu from becoming well-dii. eated. 1 would 'rather leew them with good characters, end well educated, than 4 thousand dollars eaoh, tu'mai , the educa- tid. . 4 f v.:- .m' . n i.Vi ' "Oho 1 that is tho way you man to lay up. a thousand dollars to have it in books sad papers, and new tie-ups, and such like." "You shall see when the time is up." "We shall," replied Lyman, as he turned towards homo', ... ' Mr. Lyratn had net fully roalizod how much corn Poland had reoeired from .the land he had manured so heavily and so care fully; and on tbe second year he only noticed that his nuighbor hid "extraordinary good luck" with bis wheat, getting about ninety bushels from three acres. But he had 00 ca;ion to opon his eyes the third yoar, One evening, just at sundown, Lyman went over into Poland's fidU, where the men were finishing raking up the three acre piece where the grain had bien the year before the first piece the presont owner had plowed np and dressed. "Been poling some hay here?" said Lyman as ha saw tho huge bunches of hey, nearly as thick as they could stand. "No, this was all cat from those three acres," returned Puland. (concluded next wees.) . Science Aiding Justice. The facts embodied in the following narrative, in connection with a recent mur der trial, show the value of scientific ac quirements, and are ol exceeding interest to a large class of our readers: A traveler was found dead in his bed, one morning at a country tavern. His throat was cut at the side, the instrumeut having pierced the carotid artery; the vie tim had been for some time wasting away by disease. The landlord was one of the most influential and highly-esteemed per sons in the neighborhood, was extensively and well counected, and had a large and interesting family. Having been seen very late at night passing through the hall it to which the traveler's door opened, the suspicions of certain persons were aroused; and upon being taken into custo dy, a peuknife was found in his pocket, with apparent blood stains on the large blade, and something similar on the ivory handle. The knife was placed in the bunds of an expert physiological chemist, for examination. The stain was found to be blood and not of iron rust or paint, as it contained albumen and animal lifer. The blood on the ivory handle contained a large amount of iron, that on the blade, comparniively little. As human blood contains ten times as much iron as that of animals, it seemed certain that the knife in question could not have entered a human body, still there was a doubt, because in blow d'sease there is a great deCcit of iron in the blood, which delictt is a not unfrequent cause of death. But as the blood on the ivory handle had the full amount of iron for a man in vigorous health, it seemed to show that there was two different kinds of blood, one human certain, tho other possibly so. Hence another mode of inquiry was proposed. The blood of animals aud men crystallizes, but in different forms that of man represented by a perfect square lengthened curje, called prismatic; that of animals, by the cube, tetrahedul, orseveral-sided hexagonal. This analysis entirely removed the doubts connected with the proceeding, fur it demonstrated that the blood on the blade was that of a lower animal, and that on the handle was certainly human. A third lino of investigation was pursued. All the inner burfaces of the human body are covered with aglary-look-ing fluid called "mucus," which is differently constituted, according to the part of the body from which it is taken. As observed through a microscope, that which is found about the ujper part of the throat presenU the appearance of a pave ment of bricks or square pieces, hence it is called "tcsielalcd." The mucus from some other parts is conical, looking like a pavement made of round pieces, flattened. A third kind, coming from the intestines, seems hairy, cilliated, waving as the tops of long grass under the influence of tlie wind. Examining the blood on the handle, which was now known to be that of a buman being, it was found not to presont the pavement-like appearance, but it did clearly show tbe wavy lines; it could not, therefore, have come from the throat, and as the traveler had no wound except that on the throat, and as the blood on the blade was purely animal Wood and sot human, no part of tho blood on the knife could have been that of the unfortunate traveler, sad therefore the landlord was discharged, when ha gave the following statement: Some days before, while out hunting, he killed several squirrels, and stopped to cut a switch wilh a knob at the root, on which to string bis game; the knife slipped as lie cut apwards, and it penetrated the abdomen. Ia his haste he wiped the knife clean with some leaves, closed the blade a. nd in attempting to put it in bis pocket, it fell on the ground; be picked it np and directed his steps bomewnrd. In a few moments one of the squirrels slipped off; he pierced il through' with his knife1; strung it on the twitch and had not need the knife since.' this was plausible, and ho showed tbe wound, not yet entirely healed; but this could easily have been made to answer an object, ' The physiolo gibt therefore proposes as a mere matter of curious interest, to examine the blood on the blade and also that on the handle. That on the handle was wavy, cilliary, with the largest amount ot iron, showing that it must have been from a man of robust health, and the mucus from the ab donun is always cilliary and never tessela- ted. Again, the blood adhering to a kuife penetrating a living body coagulates that entering a body already dead never docs. The blood on the blade, already shown to be that of a mere animal, was found to be incoagulable. Hence, that on the blade was shown to be that of a mere animal al ready dead; that on the handle was tbe blood of a man in vigorous health, and could not have come from, tbe throat, and almost certainly came from the abdomen. When the knife fell on the ground, the handle touched some of the leaves with which it had just been wiped. Thus the chain of evidence for the landlord's inno cence was unbroken and perfect. The real culprit was subsequently fouud, tried and executed, confessing his guilt. It is certain, that, in the progressive march of science and art, the unchange able laws of nature will be better understood correcting the errors and fallacies of human judgmen t; and the testimony of Science will thus aid Justice ia forming her opinions and enabling her to give her de cisions with her eyes open! Scientific American. The Wealth of the English Nobility four and five Hundred Years ago. In 13.il, Hugh Sue near, hoad ol one of the great families, for some political misbehavior wasetpaltad from the realm, and his proper ty confiscated. On taking tha inventory Of the same it was fou.id that he possessed in, different parts of Enlan I, fifty-nine manors enty-eigbt thousand sheep, one thousand oxen and steers, one thousand two hundred co ws with their calves, forty mares with thei colts, one hundred and sixty drawing horseg two thousand ho'S. time huidre 1 bullocks, eighty carcasses of beef, six hundred mut. tons in tha larder, ton tins of cider, ten tLcurand pounds of ready money, thirty -six sacks of wool, and a library of books. In 1422, the groat estates were summoned to London. There came the Earl of Salisbury with five hundred men on h irtebick; Rich . ard, Duke of York, four hundred men; Dukes Exeter and Soiutnerset eight hundred mot. the Eirl of Northumberland aud Lord Ea- mont, with fitaan hun'rsl mm all 111 rod jackets, and lodged in Warwick Lane, in which house thare were oftentimes six oxen eaten at brokfatt, an I evi ry tavern was full of the ;mt KcU ron t, and he that ha any acquaintance th?ra, could go and carry away asnvich rovit boaf at In ci ill p.-iok an 1 a jld on his diigar. Such facts make a good stand point from which to consider whether there has beea such a thing as "progress." 'i here is yet vast deal too much of "great estates," o' great wealth," and of consequent serfdom but no D ike, E.rl, or anything elso could nowsummoi his "retainers," and now come up to Loudon in tha style of H2'i. Men are gradually but surely solving tha problem of "owning themselves." That, once settled and established, they will next solve theprob lem of owning what they eara. And pretty soon these Earls. &c, who no longer come up to London with 430 000 men awaiting thoir beck, will find that their great estites have gone the w-ty of tbair ' 'man:" that is, they are ownad by thise wiiou labor has given thj b)st ri;ht to thaim The world just now is in a woadsrfnl condition of injustice in the distribution sf its gifts, 0 ut it is by no miens as much so as in Ull. It will not always be so. Tbo diffirance between 1422 and ISOOis not as gr a'. as will be the difference botwjen 136;) and 2293. Tbose cm-ws and ind.ience which hava established one step of progresscan bj nliei upon with 11 .railing confidence to establish the triirnph and reign of equal and exact justice to all man. Thb P Rises or Wins Who ato what is hb. It may interest our readers to know what the numerous titles of the young Prince of Wales are, and we therefore quote thfia in detail from tbe last edition ol British Peerage. "The Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall. The most high, puissant and illustrious Prince Albert Edward, Prince of tbe United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Princo of Wales. Jluka of Saxony, Prineoo' C borg and t Goiha, great Steward of S-.-oilan-l; Duko of Cornwall . and Rothsjy, Eirl of Cbeser, Cam ck and Dublin; Baron of Renfrew; Lord of the Iks, K. G., and a Colonel in the Army." ' ' . He will be nineteen years of age on the 19th of November next, On tha 4th of December, 1841, when he was not yet a month Jld, hewas created by patent, under thi'8raat Seal, Prince of Wales and Earl of Chester. The title of Great Steward ol Scotland, Duke of Rothsay. Earl of Carrick, Barron of Renfrew, and Lrl of the Isfes. were by act of Parliament, in 1819, vested in the eldest son an I heir apparent of the throno ol Scotland forever. The titles of Earl of Chester and Duke of Cornwall, worefciven to him by still earlier patents, and the remaining title of! the vicinity of New York. . Their exercises Earl of Dublin, wu granted to hiut by the were witnessed by Col. Uardee, Gov. Banks, Queen In 1849. ' 'and Hon. Jeff. Davis. fFrom tho, Auyiuta ( He. ) Journal, r Lottor From Abraham Lincoln. The Republicans of Boston ci lobratud Thomas Jefferson's Birthday on the 13th of April I860. Among those invited to be present was the Hon. Abruham Lincoln, who responded in a letter of great power and of remarkable felicity of expression. We thought at thu time that of all the political letters we had ever read, it was the most pointed and most forcible, and our great suipriso is that up to this time, so lar as we have observed, it Las not been republished. After diligont searoh among some old "clippings" we have succeeded in finding it, and with peculiar pleasure lay it before our readers. It is a platform i 1 itself, worthy of the endorsement of all who believe in tha fundamental doctrines of Free Government as taught by Thomas Jefferson. Here is the letter. SpRiNoriELD, III., April 6, I860 Gentlemen: Your kind note, inviting me to attend a festival in Boston, on the 13th inst., in honor of the birth day of Thomas Jefferson, wus duly rtccived. My engagements are such that I cannot attend. Bearing in mind that about sev enty years ngo two great political parties were first formed in this country, that Thomas Jefferson was the head of one of them and Boston the head-quarters of the other, it is both curious aud interesting that those supposed to descend politically from the party opposed to Jefferson, should now be celebrating his birth-day in their own original seat of empire, while those claiming political descent from him have nenrly ceased to breathe his name everywhere.Remembering too, that the Jefferr on party, was formed upon its supposed su-perior devotion to the personal rights of men, holding the rights of property to be secondary only, and greatly inferior; and then assuming the so-called Democracy of to-day are tbe JeflVrson, and their opponents the anti-Jefferson parties, it will be equally interesting 10 note how completely the two have changed ground as to the principle Upon which they weie originally supposed to be divided. The Democracy of to-dav hold the lib erty of one man to be absolutely nothing when in conflict with another man's riL'ht of property, Republicans, on the contra ry, are for both the man and the dollar, , . , - bu in ease of conflict the man before tl.e OH'Ilar I remember being onca much amused at seeing two partially intoxicated nu n engaged in fight with their great coats on, which fight, after a long and rather harm-less contest, ended in each having fought 1 i.nflf out of bis own coat and imo that ol the other. If tho two leading parties of this day are really identical with the two in tho days of Jt-ftVison and Adams, they huve performed the same feat as the two drunken men. But, soberly, it is now no child's play to save the principles of Jefferson from total overthrow iu this nation. One would state with great confidence that he could convince any sane child that the simpler propositus of Euclid Hre true; but nevertheless, he would fail, with one who should deny the definitions and axioms. The principles of Jefferson are the definitions and axioms of free society. And yet they are denied and evaded, wilh no small show of success. One dashingly calls them "glittering generalities." Another bluntly styles tbera "self-evident lies.". And others insidiously argue that tbey apply only to "superior races." These expressions, differing in form, are identical in object and effect the supplanting the principles of free government, and restoring those of classification, caste, and legitimacy. They would delight a convocation of crowned heads plotting Hgtinst the people. They are the vanguard, the sappers and miners, of returning. dspoiism. We must repulse them or they wiH subjugate us. This is a world of compensations; and he who would be no slave must consent to have no slave. Those who deny freedom to others deserve it not f r themselves, and, under a just God, cannot long retain it. All honor to Jefferson to the mm who, in tlie concrete pressure of a struggle for national independence by a single people, had tbe coolnesu, forecast, and capacity to introduce into a merely revolutionary document an abstract truth, applicable to all men and all times, and so to embalm it there, that to dny and in all coming days it shall be a rebuke and a staubling block to tbe harbingers of re-appearing tyranny and oppression. Your obedient servant, A. LINCOLN. Messrs. II. L. Phrcs, and others, Ac. The Chicago Zouaves have stormed West Point. They visited that place with a torn-pany of the noted Seveuth Regiment, sad did such drillin; as they have never done before. Old military o(B:ers praseat expressed fie opinion that their equal oaoaot be Ibond in Death of Joseph Gales of the" National Intelligeneor. .J. W. Forney, under date of the 22d inst writes from Washington to tbo Press, ia re gard to tho death of Joseph Gales, as fol lows: r- i . Jose ph Gales, for more than fifty years one of the two loading editors of the National In. telligenrer, still published under the firm of Galua Sc Seaton, died at Eckingten, his estate, near Washington, On Saturday evening last, at seven o'clock, aged seventy -five. Although this event has not taken the friends of Mr. Gales by surprise, owing to his greatly en'eebled physical condition for s.-viTit yeira paat, it will suggest manyIn-t-r.-s'ing reflections, and create profound K" if f in many circles, in every State of the Union. I can recall no one now on the stsge of action, with the exception of hii surviving associate, the accomplished Colonel Seaton who has been for so Iosg a period identiflod with editorial life. The veteran Buckingham, of New England has been gathered to his fathers; Joseph R. Chandler retired some years a:o from his "beloved arm chair;" James Gordon Bennett is among the oldest members nf the profession, and yet his conned ion with it does not extend much over thirty years; Edwurd Croswell geve up journalism for the more agreeablo task of making money by steam lines, more than ten years ago; Thurlow Weed, who left his post some yens since, returned to it with some reluct ance to serve his friend Mr. Seward, and is now looking forward complacently to a retire ment upon a country news-paper as a fitting close for a well-spent life, Geo D. Prentice of tbe Louisville Journal, is not an old n an, for so old and rate an editor; but among all these names there is not one around which so many peculiar associations and recollections gather as around as that of Joseph Gales of the National Intelligencer, lie played a prominent part upon a grand theatre, and lived among tho giants of the earlier days Of the Republic. lie saw theso giants flourish and ho saw them die; be saw them in the social circle and in tho Congress of the U, S.; lie knew them intimately-and well, and being himself a natural and thorough-bred gentleman, shared their confidence, and down to the conclusion of his own eventful career, was never guilty of an act unworthy of this pr-jud connection. Born in England, and reaching this country when about nine years of age, he wus early thrown into the midst of those trills which' marked the beginning of the the Government, and duiing this experience imbibed those conservative principles which have charactciized him during all his long .(.!. ikuku, in u iiui oiiiy a uriue iu nil newspaper, but a pride in his adopted coun experience Ho bad not only a pride in his try. ow,tbat the grave is about to clofe over biai, let us forget the party accusations hurled against him during merely party contests, and remember him as the pure and upright patrkt as tho friend 1 1 that great Republic, the foundation of which in hid youth he saw laid, and the grandeur and glory of which he witnessed in his final hours. Mr. Gales was born at Eckington, near Shellleld. England, on the 10th or April, 1730 Philadelphia has a right to cherish him as among her most pleasing reminiscences, inns-much as it was in this city that bis father first resided after having ben compeUel to leave England in 179o, on account of his liberal opinions. Those of my readers who have read the admirable works of the poet Montgomery will remember that when the father of Joseph Gales left England, Montgomery, who was reared in his family, succeeded him in the newspaper which he published in Shellleld, and which was one of the boldest and most radical of theultra-Republican papers ever published ia the Biitish realm. The National Intelligoncer was established by Samuel Uarrison Smith, a Philadelphian, in 1800, and was fodnded upon the well, known Independent Gnxetter, which was itself conducted by the elder Gales. Joneph Gales, Jr.. was educated at the University of .North Carolina, in Raleigh, where his father removed, and whee tbe son was reared, and where also tho father published a Republican or liberal paper. In 1809, Mr. Gales, Jr., joined Colonel Seaton, as a reporter of debates for the National Intelligencer, then published by Samuel Harrison Smith, and In 1810 Gales purchased the paper ef Mr. Smith, and was sole editor until 1812, when he was joint d by Colonel Seaton, who had mean while became his brother-in-law, since which time the paper has been conducted solely by them. For seven years past, the failing health of Mr. Gal -s has prevented him from giving any active attention to the paper, but be retained bis faculties unimpaired until within a few months past. lie was elected unauimously Mayor of the city of Washington, in 1828, which office be resigned, be lore the c'ose ol his term. Ilia wife, who survives him, was the daughter of Theodore Lee, tbe younger brr ther of Geueral tlenrj Lie, of the Revoln- Uon-, 'I'-,.'-',,''- The Influence of the National Intelligencer opon the conservative politics of the Up i ted Stales has always been great. . Although not so progressive as other journals of mere pro. fessions, it continued to Wield much power, and is read in all parts of the United States with interest by those who believe lo a certain eonltraction of tbe Federal Constitution, Its moderation, its courtesy, tha entire abeence of all partisanship hi its columns. Its high literary character, the masterly ability and Mr-sirs with which Us two eminent editors have discussed tbe leading questions of fce day, have give H a sleeervedly high pesltlo. Other newspapirs bsve fiwwa ap, flaariahed for a brief seasoa and died parties have changed their names men have eome ripoa the stage and retired new principles have been, inaugurated and abandonod Adminl. trations have eome into existence and have expired yet duril-g all these reverses and transmutations the National Iutelligencoi has pursued its steady way, neitheir looking to the right hand nor tbe left; fiever, except I believe, In a single instance, becoraiag the mere orgaa of au Administration, but discarding all temptations to become such, and!" at the same time securing the respect of tbe Administrations whose elevation its policy compelled it to oppose; During the last war with Great Britain the National Intelligencer was the vigorous and fearless defender of the American cause. Its editorial columns glowed with the true patriotic enthusiasm, and when tbe British troops invaded the Capital, among the first objects of their vengeance was the offle of the National lotelligeacer, and was Indeed the only private property they destroyed.- They burned a number of the public build ings, and did not regard their work as com- plate until they had rased tbe National Intelligence to the ground. This is a proud title to the confidence' of 6iir people; and I ant glad to see that the Congress of the United States never omits an opportunity to pay proper tribute to Gales & S.-aton. Messrs. Gales & Seaton were both short-band reporters for the preM. They were among the first in that great art which has become one of the leading professions of the ' day. Colonel .Seaton, the surviviug partner. although eighteen months tbe se lior ef iln Gales, I am happy to add, is as bale ard hearty as a man of fifty. He reporiel a file 1 of the great speeches of John Randolph, of . Roanoke, during the Administration of John Quincy Adams, which has never been printed, and Mr. Webster's immortal speech in reply to llayce was taken down as it fell from his lips by Mr. Gales.. This venerable editor and truly distinguished and patriotic citixoa died, with his wife by his side, and among her kindred. Unhappily, the news of his last dangerdas illness reached his devoted friend and partner, Col. Seaton. at too late an hour to enable him to be present by bis bedside, but ho departed this life easily and without pain, welcoming death, indeed, as a relief-from the .intense sufluring he had endured . during the last seven years, and passing from . this troubled scene in the proud coukelnusness that he had done ho act in life that made him fear to meet his Maker face to face. nu 1 .. .' ii. Sonio of the Prospective EesulU of Lincoln's Election. Should Lincoln be the naxt Presidont, there will be a sad and mournful procession of dilapidated office holders from tha various de- ' partmonts.. Proteoted, as Mr. Lincoln would ' 4 be fioni the avalanche of southern applications which has rolled in so terribly upon evry ' new Presidont since the organitation of the ' ' government, and no doubt reserved by patri. otic resignations on tbe part nf those who de clare that this election will dissolve tbe Union, it will be a most significant spectacle to sue men wha have grown gray in offlce who are, indeed, the chfclis, sIols and obsta cles of that ercat ciicumlocutinn ,.fm which has become a vast evil here turnin their trembling steps to the homes they ai lately see, and to tho avocations they hart st long atwnaoned. We shall then ascertain whether certain men are iudispensible ia the management of public affairs whether the Union will coilapse like a great balloon, wbea the gas of the fire eaters is withdrawn from Washington, and whether new men and , fresh men may not be able to prove that this republio has demands upon no particular individual, and that even a change, ho matter how drastie and purging it tniy sometimes be, may not save a billious aud constipated system. The venerables who carry gold headed canes along the avenue every day at 3 o'clock P. M. st about $1800 a year apiece, and who nave grewn gouty before dusty desks and in cony suuguries, realite the possibdily uf a new regime. Thoir dissolution or ihe Union )s their removal from office; th-ir iji-a of tbe destruction of the Democratie p-nty (he receipt of a yellow envelope, etw oainn a oo lite request to leave, and tMronly idea of a violation of the Constitution i k;ircl.Hw sion that the places which know tbea iw may, after the 4ih of March, 1801, kno them no more tomver. Wash. Corr. Pfcf. Press. . win . ... t . Sectionalism-w , - - Mr. Douetas received in Ujliiiuom ti, ..!- lowing Southern votes : - . . "'. . '. .'1 ...,tt finiinn. .1 . n North Carolina.. Alaliama..,. ... LoilMana ,. Tennessee i.i. :5 Of these, Alabama and LouWana eountin 1 were' fep.ented by bogus delogal'ea, T9S regular delegstes were exilude d btcauKe ' t wa believed tbey Would w'ilhdrsw ar'ala and break ap tha Convention:'' ,:":' !'-'' : Hit J.iuola received ia the ChwiuCjii .- yention,lVo, , ... . , i. vL-m: Delawam.'.;."......."..vi.-. ..'..;). .f Misaonri. ... ... ....... ' -,' . .'; j , Maryland.,.. ,......,kM..). ..A ' J- 4 u':. i. ah 1 80 Mr. Lincoln was .nominated bv 18-i' more votes firora the South aa were cat (or V r.i ougiaa ana we. do not bevftate ta say l)ist In, all the 8tatta represented at Chicago; 1 Mr. Lincoln will gt eior vot amooj the people than will U given to th MadidaL. of the Bquatterl'es. Wha ia the Widn.i- candidte?-Cbicego Tress and Tribuee.