Mt. Vernon Republican (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1854), 1856-07-22

              4 If J I III W . I) II ill . .y VOL. II, MOUNT VERNON, OHIO, TUESDAY MORNtNG, JULY 22, 185G. NO 36 MT. VERNON REPUBLICAN. fc 1 ' - W . IIRUB! ' $2,00 Per Annum, if in Advance. ,! ADVEKTISINCJ' j'' Tho Rkpudlican has tho largest circulation In the county and is, therefore, the best medium "'through which business men can advertise. Ad, "'VertUemonU will be inserted at tho following "i " BATES. V . f . . ' ; - m n a .a -3 -3 3 o t s n o 1 square $ c. c. $ e. $ c. $ c. $, c $, e c. 1 li qr7.il 75 9 25 3 25 4 25 5 25 6.00 8,75 8 00 .'b .qrV.i rSO rSO.rsOroi) 6 00.00,8,0010 4 aqr'.,3 50 4 00 5 00 0 00 7 00 8,00 100012 1 square changeablo monthly, SClOjweekly, $15 I .. -i.r i.i- n......faiOw 1r M column cnBii.'n'Mu h""1"; " J column chanable quarterly, 18 U column changeable quarterly 25 . 1 column changeable quarterly 40 ''WTwelve line in this type, are couhtedat square. .... CTE litnrial nitices of advertisements, or CiUintfatten'ion tn nnJ enterprise intended t" hnnufll individuals or corporations, will be ' chirjml for nt the rato of 10 cents per line. IP Sneeiain'rticeH.bi'foremnrrinnes.nrtakinn prieu louce of regular advertisements, double muni rates. CTXoticeH for npctin;'. eharitnblo societies, ' fire poinpaiiie. Ac. half price. XT VWertiscmeiits displayed inlarire type to bo cWund mn-half more than regulnr rate. O 11 lransint advertisements to he paid in advance, and none will be inserted unless for n ilefinitn'inn" mnn'inned imi mm mi THE AXXUAL FAIR OF K0X CO. WILL beheld in Mt. Vernon, Thursday and Friday, September 18, and 19, 1850. LIST OF PBEKITTMS. CLASS ViT. Haul Stallion 3 years old and over, 2d best ' " " " fS.OO 3,00 CLASS 9ft Best Stallion from out tho Co., -Farmer! 2d best " " " Dip CLASS 3I J atched hordes 5,00 li isl pair m a I " 3,00 Best pair of mares. .5,00 21 " 3,00 Best gelding.............. 2,00 2,1 " Cultivator .Best trotting burse or mHre. 3 00 2.1 " " Fanner Best racking horse or mare ....... .3,00 21 " " Farmer L'idies' best riding horse 5,00 8,1 " . ..Lady's Book CLASS 4T1I Best brood mare 5,00 21 " 3 00 Beit horse sucking eolt Farmer "21 " i cinnatus Best mare sucking colt Farmer 2.1 " Cincinnatus Best t year old horse colt 2,00 Sd " Cultivator Best I year old mare colt 2,00 81 " " Cultivator Best 2 year old horse colt. . 2,-50 2d " " . . Cineinna us Best 1 year old mare colt. ....2,60 2d " " .Ciucinna'us Ti 1 1 1 - I. , ; , uest o year uiu so cuiv o,uu 21 " " ,.,, .Farmer Dest 3 year old mare colt. 3,00 21 " " ........ Farrmr Best pr horces out of the Co., Cincinnatus ' 21 " " ...... Cultivator Best pr of mares out of the Co , Cincinnati 21 " " " Cultivator Best gelden out of the Co Farmer SI " " " . ....Cultivator Best mare out of the Co Farmer 2d " " " ...... Cultivator AWARDINO COMMITTBB. C. L. EENNE IT Clinton Tp. WM.LOCKWOOD M ller Tp. 8. A. LARASON.. Morgan Tp. ABSOLAM THRIFT Wayne Tp. ANTHONY WHITE .Howard Tp. JOHN McELROY Monroe Tp. CLASS 6th. Best jack 3,00 .Bent pair of muUs 3 00 Sd " Farmer Best suckling mule.. Cultivator , , , . Awarding Committrr. JOHNSTON THURSTON, Clinton Tp. DAVID Bit A.DDOCK,.... Pike Tp. f. 8. SHAW, Libtrty Tp CLASS ih. Best trcrseiiUnship by 1 idy . . . Gold watch d ....Silver Cup All other ladies whd ride-.'Ladies Book 1 year. AwaIIdiIjo CoaJihtiB. HENRY B. CUR TIS, . . . . i Clinton Tp. J. C. RAMSEY i . . ( , Clinton Tp. FRANK PLUMER,. .. i . ; ; Morris Tp. C. 8..McLAIN... i Morgan Tp. CHARLES BARKER Monroe Tp. WILLIAM BEVAN3, Clinton Tp. ' ' CLASS 7th. Best durlmra bull 3 yr old and over. 5.00 2d . " " " Farmer Best durhara bvll 2 yr old and over " 2d" " ...Cultivator Best durhara bull 1 yr old and over. . Cin. 2d " ...Cultivator Best bull calf...... . Farmer 2J " " . .Cullivator Best oow.... 4,00 2J, " , Farmer Best 2 year old heifer . ........ i Farmer 2d " ; Cultrvatoi Best I year old heifer ....... Cincinnatns 21, . " Cultivator Beat heifer ealf. .Farmer td " ," ..i Cullivator CLANS 8th. Best devonahirt) bull b years old and over 5,00 2d " " " Farmer Best devonshire bull 2 years old and over Farmer 2d " " ' .... Cultivator Best devonshire bull 1 year old and over in,!,.,"" Cincinnatus 2d " " " ....Cultivator Best bull calf .Farmer 2d " Cultivator Best cow 3 years old and over 4,00 21 " " " " ....FMrmer Best 2 year old heifer i Farmer 2d " " Cultivator Best 1 year old heifer Cincinnatus 2d " " i Cultivator Best heifer.calf . Farmer 2d " " .Cultivator Be st show of fat cattle of 2 or more . 5,00 2d " Furmcr CLASS Oth. Best youe of work cattle 0,00 2d " " Farmer Best pair 2 years old .Farmer 2J " " Cultivator Best p tir 1 year old pair Cincinnatus 2d " " Cultivator Best pair of calves Cultivator 21 " " Cultivator CLASS 10: li. Best bull from out of the county. .Farmer 2,1 " ' " Cultivator Best milch cows. , .Farmer 21 " " ..Cultivator Best yoke of oxen Farmer 21 " " .....Cultivator Awarding Cummittek. JACOB BELL Morgan Tp. JOHN WOLF Liberty Tp. GEO. W. JACKSON Milford Tp. S. N. 0. WORKMAN.... Brown Tp. A C. NEVINS Wrtvne Tp. rt s. French College Tp. CLASS 1ITII B.'Sllung wool buck .5,00 21 " " ..2,00 and Cultivator Best five ewi s 5,00 21 " ' 2,00 and Cuniviitm Bet bu, k lamb Fanner 21 " " Wind Orowei Best ewe Farmer 21 " Wool Grower Best fine .wool bucks " t)) 21 .2,00 an! Cultivator Best f, ewes,. .5 00 21 " " .......2,00 and Cultivator Best buck nmb, , .Farmer 2d " Wuol Grower Best ewe Farmer 21 Wool Uroer AWAIIDINO LiOMMITrEB. JOHN SCHNEIBLV Pleasant Tp rllARLES svv,. N Ml)Vri!( T r (i A.JONES Clin'on Tp. ! MKSHAC HYATT Ldieiiy Tp. j LEVI SELLERS, Morgan Tp. i CLASS 13TII. I B. st boar,. . .................... $4 00 el ' 1,00 ami Cuilivaio- Host sow...... , ...4 00 21 " 1,00 and Cultivator Bt st lot of pigs, ............... Farmer 21 " " Cul ivator Best hogs for guitral use ...3,00 21 ' "81 ifc Cultivator AVARDIN(I CoMMITTKE. B. S. CAPSELL... Monis Tp. L J.L.VMP60N Mi I for! Ti-. I.SV1 BEACH Miller Tp. HENRY McLAXK Pleasant Tp. ANDREW WELKE1! Wowaid Tp. CLASS I3TH. Best pnir of red cr bill' tjhanghais. Farmer 2J " " Gen. of lite West Best pair of while Shanghais. .... Farmer 8.1 " " " Gen. of the We?l Best pnir brama poota . . . , Farmer 2.1 G n. of the West Best pair of bantams Farmer 21 " " ... .Gen. of the West B st p ir of poland fowls, Farmer 2d Cultivator I 6eRt pair of lurk" vs, . 2.1 ' " . Farmer i . . . .Cullivator' Best pair of geese, 21 " ......... Best pair of muscova ducks Farmer . . . . Cultivator . . . Farmt r 2d " " ...Cullivator Best ptir of stlesian dueks .Farmer 2d " " " ...Cullivator Best pair of common ducks, Farmer 2J " " " ...Cultivator AwARntNO "CoMSltTTKE. WM. M. MEFFORD -.Clinlon Tp. ROBERT EWALT " CHARLES STEVENS, A. EMMITT... " CLASS UTH. Best collection of teed wheat 82,00 21 ..Cultivator 1,00 Cincinnatus , . . . Farmer .Cultivator . . . .Farmer .Cultivator Best specimen of barley,. 2d " " Best specimen of outs,. . . 21 " ' ... Best specimen of rye 2d ' " .... Best variety of seed corn 2,00 td " " Cultivator Best variety of potatoes,. 2,00 2d " " Farmer Best variety of garden and field seeds. 2,00 2d " " ' Cultivator .. AwARDtwo Committee. A. T. BALL...... ...Morris Tp. ISAAC LAFEVER Morgan Tp. JOSEPH ADAMS,.. Monroe Tp. MALEM CANAAN....... Clinton Tp. ELISHA M ARIOTT. ...... Hillver To. NICHOLAS SPINDLER,.: CLARK UTH. Best tratermelloos,.. ........ Cincinnatvs 2d " ......Diploma Best nMislsnrelbns. ; . ... . .... .Cullivator II " ..Diploma Best peck of cucumbers,. Uen. of the West 2d " " Diploma Best peck of tomatoes,..., ....... .,1,00 d " " ..Oen. ol the West Best sample f turnips,... .... Cullivator Id " Diploma Best half bushel of beets,, . .. .Cultivator 2d " " " ...... .Diploma Best half bushel of onions, . , , .Cultivator 2d " .. .....Diploma Best half bushel while beans. . . Cultivator 2d Diploma Best half bush. peas.. , .Cultivator 2d " " Diploma Best collection of beans Cullivator 2d " " Diploma Best collection of peas, , . . Cultivator 2d " " Diploma Best 3 heads of cabbages 0,50 2d . " " Diploma Best summer squash, 0,50 2d " " Diploma Best winter squash 0,50 2d " " Diploma Best and largest pumpkins, 1,00 2d " " Diploma Best col. of vegetables by I person. . 1,00 2d " " " Cultivator Awardi.vo Committee. JOHN BOYD Clinton Tp. JAMES BERRY Howard Tp. LUTHER HYATT Liberty Tp. JOHN TARR WM. H. COCHRAN Clinton Tp. class torn. Greatest and btst variety of apples. ..1,00 2d ' " " " Diploma Best single variety 1 ,00 2J " " Diploma Greatest and best variety of pears. . . 1,00 2d " " " " Diploma Best single variety, 1,00 2d " " Diploma Btst grapes 1,00 21 " Dploma Best Quinces 1,00 2d -' Diploma Best pe aches 1,00 2d " Diploma Best and largest show of fruit by I person 1,00 2d " . " " Diploma Awardi.no Committer. .1. JT. PURR, Clinton Tp. J. T. UOiiUS " LOT.IN AN'DKKWS College Tp. JliliO LKWI8 Berlin Tp. J. W. UAXtEll Miller Tp. CLASS 1TTII. Bestnrn carpet $2,00 21 " Gen. oflhu West do rat; cnpi t 2,00 2d " Gen. of the West do patch woik quilt. 2.00 2d " ' Gen. of the West do domestic shawl 2 00 21 ' " ......Gen. of the West do 10 yds plaid llannel 2,00 2J " " 1,00 do 10 vi!s white flannel 2,00 21 " " 1,00 do 10 yds tnble linen 2,00 2.1 " " 1.00 do hearth rujf .1,50 2d ' Gen. of the West do coverlet 2,00 2J " 1,00 do friniit.d mittens. Gen. of the West 2,1 " Diploma do 'amp mat Gen. ol the West 2.1 Diplomii Jo pt'cimen ol crewel work 1,00 21 " " " Diploma do woolen hose . .Gen. of the Wesi 21 " Diploma dodunies'.ic linen thread. Gtn. of the West 21 " " Diploma do pair bags 1,00 2.1 " .Diploma do specimen sniticul flower? 3,00 21 " " Uen ot West do straw hat 0.50 21 " Dip'oma do rrjillincrs work 1,00 21 " Diploma Awarding Committee. WtT-UAM UUNUAR, Clinton Tp. L HARPER " MI18 GEO. UUiillES Morgan Tp. MRS. .1. K. MIl.I.EIt Clinton Tp. MI18. CALK II LETTS, I'leasant Tp. MRS. 3. W. bORU, Clinton ip. Class 18th Best cheese,.... ...,-.2,00 2d " Cul Btst butter. 1,00 21 " Cul Best sample uf honey 1,00 2d Dip Btst 3 loaves of bread 1,00 2d " Dip Best maple sugar 1,00 2d " Dip Best show of pies 1 .00 21 " Dip Best show of cakes , . 1 .00 2d " Dip Best sVow of preserves., 1,00 2J " Dip Awarding Committee JOB RUSH Morris Tp WM. BONAR " Mrs. JAMES CAMPBELL. ..Morgan Tp Mrs. COLEMAN.... Miller Tp Mrs. SEARLES.. ... Way ne Tp , . CIuss 10th Bet design for farm cottage . ...... .5,00 2d ....3,00 Best specimen blacksmith works 3,00 2d " " .... Dip Best specimen of wagon makers works3,00 2d BpsI specimen of cabinet " 2d do do do Best do shoemakers do 3,00 Dip 3.00 2d do Best do 2d do do do do do Dip 3.00 coopers do Dip Best specimen of harness. . .' .Dip and 3.00 2d do do ....Dip Best do saddle ,.,.5,00 2d do " ....Cul and 1,00 Best carriage .5.00 2d do 3,00 Best Melodean, 3,00 2d do 2.00 Best specimen of printing 5.00 Best coat,... Dip Awarding Committee. J. W. MARVIN,., JOHIf HIOOfNS,.. WM. SHAW A. EULE , ALLEN BOYD,... Bt. SEXLT8....... Pleasant Tp. .Liberty .Union " .Clinton " ..Morgan " CLASS 40. . Best show of Farming wiplements. . .5,00 24 :.;3,00 Best cheese press I ... 2.00 2d ." " Cultivator Best fanning mill .......... ' ... '. -.OO 2d ; " ,, " ,.r... ...... Cultivator ", Tbrbinjf machine. 5,00 2d " " Uip " varieties of castings 3,00 2d " " Diploma " and greatest variety of copper and tin ware 3,00 2d ' " Diploma " Churn 60 2d Dip " Show of dnguerrean 2,0u 2d" Dip " Show of drawings .2,00 2d" " ....Gen of the West " Show of maps 2,00 2d " Gen. of the West " Show of dentistry 3,00 2d" " . ...Gen.ol the West " Specimen of oil painting 2,00 2d " " " .....Dip "Specimen cravon painting 9100 2d " "' Dip " Specimen of stone cutting 3,00 2d " " " Dip AWARMNO CoMMtTTKK, B. F. SMITH Clinton Tp. UENJ. TUIJ.OSS JlorganTp. S. M. KO'ALKIl Clinton To. ADAM SHll'LEY, 1'ikeTp. It 0. HVHI Clinton Tp. OEOUGE SK1LLE.V Hilliar Tp. Committee of Ahrangemekts. IT. P. WARDEN', GERRET BROWN, JOHN LAMB. GEO HUGHES. BE.N'J. Tl'I.I.OSS. QENLHAL l!flE. Members of the Smiety jv. ut sign the Constitution and pay one doi'ar annually into the Treamry. All articles offered for premiums, must be owned by the persons off r'nvj the same, or by the members of their (amiiies, and the products of the soil, and manufactured articles, must be produced or manufactured in the County. Competitors for premiums arc requested to send the Secretary a list of all articles to be presented, as soon as practicable, who shall enter the same in the books of his office, and give a ticket therefor, to be presented to tho Awarding Committee. Ariich s designed for competition must be entered by 1 1 o'clock on Ihe 1st day. All competitors for premiums, must be members of the Society. Bulls over one year old must be confined. ' No horses except those for exhibition will be admitted within the inclostire. No nnimal or article to be removed from the ground un.il the close of the Fair.wilh-out permission of the President. The Awanling Committcs will be called hy the President from the Secretary's stand at 1 o'clock on the first day, and vacancies tilled. It is to be hoped that ns many Committee men as possible, will be on hand, and at their post ready for notion. The AwardiiiLr Committees will be furnished with books containing the names of the Committees, anil the class of animals or articles they ate to jutlgf, which they are rcqui sled to leturn to the Secretary's stand by 10 o'clock the 2d day, together with their report in full. The Awarding Committee to be members of the society. The annual address will be delivered on the Fair tirounds at 10 o'clock of the second day, after which the annual election of officers, for year ensuing, will take place, and the reports of the awarding Committees will b announced. At 4 o'clock of the 2d day a Public Sale will take place on the ground of exhibition of such Stock, and other articles, as the owners may wi-.li to dispose of, affording a good opportui.ity for sellers and purchasers to di.-pose of, and purchase Stock.and other articles. II. P. WARDEN, Treat., E. Autng, Sec'y. Z5TThe Louisville Journal, referring to the fact that Senator Pugh, in his speech on Kansas affairs, said of tho damnable laws of the begin K'insas Legislature? ' Sir, I regret the necessity lor such legislation, but where si ivery is established, such laws must be enforced;" and that soon after he had to vote for the abrot'nlion of tuch laws, says: Mr. I'egh's name should be speded Poohl Better spell it Pith! Ma. Isaac Ro0ERS-2?er Sir: We the undersigned, having !is(pyd t0 ver7 aD'e patriotio and elequent oration, delivered by you at the Sabbath School Celebration, in Berlin Township, on the 4th inst.; and believing that it would be read with in terest and pioCt by (be citizens of Knox County and elsewhere; and having heard a great noniber of the vast multitude there assembled express a desire to have it pub lished, therefore, we respectfully request a copy of it for publication. GEORGE IRWIN. JOHN McINTIKE, JOHN S. NELSON, S. C. SAPP, J. R. CRAVEN, II. BARNHART. . PHILIP PLUMER, T. II. WILSON. Replv Mr. Irwis, Craven Awn others Sirs: Your polite note ri questing a copy of the oration delivered by me at your Sabbath School Celebration on the 4ih inst., for publication is before me. In reply I will say that it was bat a short time previous to your Celebration that I bad the honor of receiving an invitation to address you; and my other duties being laborious, I did not bestow that care and attention th Us preparation that I should have done. But, as I have a high regard for your judgment, if you think it has merits claiming the at. tention of any one, copy of ' it is at your disposal. . .; ,!, Tours, Respectfully, ! , J8AA0 ROGERS, l ORATION : Delivered at Cole'i Grove, July Mt, 1360. DY ISAAO R0UERS. Hail I llaill to tho Eightieth Anniversary of the Declaration of American Independence ; the day which revolutionized the world, struck terror into feudal despotism, established the rights of man, and. humbled the haughty mistress of the seas Hail! to the descendants of those sagos, who worn down by oppression and tyranny, resisted the minions of despotism, and crea ted a government which is fast liberating an enslaved and bleeding world 1 And ye sires of the Revolution, gather your migh tv and immortal shades around us 1 Waft to us those wands of patriotism, which swept the sea9 of the enemies of republican America, and immortalized you at tho terrible struggle of Bunker Hill, the hot plains of Monmouth, and the glorious achievement of Yorktown I Ye heroes of that victory which ended your toils, established new principles, and gave birth to nn ever progressive empire, remind us this day of the bequest left to posterity, the duty to our country, and the responsibility devolving upon us for the perpetuity of our noble institutions 1 Let the wisdom of Washington, the thrilling words of Henry, the justice of Jay, and the patriotism of Hancock, infuse into our minds a spirit of devotion to our liberties, and a desire thus to transmit them lo posteiily I This is the most remaikable Anniversary of this great day in the history of our country. Already are our institutions, which have stood the test of eighty years and demonstrated to a scornful world that man is capable of self government, being shaken to the very centre 1 Already civil war is the cry, and to shed the blood of American citizens, is the essence of loyalty Rnd patriotism ! Anarchy, misrule, and mob-violence have taken the place of law and order, and tho lives of American freemen have been sacrificed 1 Go to the far West I The blood of Americans now calls for vengeance on tho plains of Kansas ! Freedom of speech is suppressed in the halls of Congress, and that dear birthright of every American is about to bo wrested from him! There is a fearful and a terrible issue at hand 1 Thero is a right and a wrong in that issue ; where that right is, and where that wrong is, I shall leave you to decide. Sectional issues aro beginning to divide the people of our fair country, and with those issues, come the attending passions of jealousy, hatred, and bitterness I The age of compromises has passed away; and with it, the great fathers of compromises. The "Lion of the North" now sleeps in his own dear Marshfield close by the sea, where the ocean's storm sings a fitriquiim to the memory of tho mighty dead 1 The "Great Commoner" now slumbers in li 13 own beloved Ashland, surrounded by thoso scenes, which witnessed the first dawning of that intellect, whose eloquence, and depth and power of thought, moulded the American mind for nearly a half century, immortalized its possessor, and established a fame bounded only by the limits of the civilized globe ! Fortunate is it that the age of compromises has passed away 1 Fortunate is it that we have no men in Congress who are will ing to resort to compromises to settle exist. ing evils I Compromises often limes are very just and politic in the settlement of a certain class of difficulties, and receive their validity from the consent of those upon whom ihe obligations are binding. But compromises which restrain tho natural rights of men more than is necessary for the welfare of society, and tho protection of government, are not binding, and should be resisted by every advocate of liberty. I am no partisan, and therefore do not come before you as one. I come as an American citizen I My object on this occasion is to speak of "The Growth and Prosperity of our insii-tuiious ; their Advantages ; and the Duties of American citizens." We should upon this occasion lay aside all party feelings, and unilo in gratitude around the common altar of our country, and give thanks to Almighty God for the blessings we enjoy I If, in examining the condition of our institutions I should find evils existing here which have overthrown other republics, it will be my duly to point them out, and to wan yoa against them ; and in doing so, I hope thnt no one will accuse me of partisan motives, as I shall speak of them boldly and fearlessly, without fear or favor. It was the delight of ancient republics lo boast of their descent from the gods. W boast of a higher sbd noble descent than from fabled gods. Rome had fallen, and with it had disappeared bef liberties and her vices. Petty monarchies were beginning to erect themselves out of the fragments of this once powerful empire; and were assuming abao lute power over the religious liberties of their subjects. ' Oriental nations, the first to receive the light of cjviliiation.had tank into ignorance and wretchedness ; yet Eu- rope was full of life and vigor.- Tl)3 liberalizing elements of Eastern cirili'alion had blended with the Christian principles' of the Apostles, and were enlightening and Invigorating the nations of Europe; "The leaders of Christianity had already secured dictatorial sway, 'and, though they compelled reveronce and worship to their canons and church ; and pronounced it lawful and just to wage war against nations dissenting from their established religion ; yet, they cemented all Europe into one common bond of brotherhood by protecting the rights of the weaker states from the aggressions of the stronger ; and with ttrange incomhten- ry, by appealing to the conscienco and reason of men against that system of personal servitude which had hitherto existed in all nations nnd under all govcrnemnts. They bore their power nnd influence against that system everywhere, proclaiming that " God and Nature equally cry out against human slavery ; that serfs and slaves are a part of tho humnn family which Christ died to redeem ; nnd that equality is nn cs-. sential incident of that brotherhood which he enjoins as a (est by which his disciples shall bo Known. " It was at this time that the broad principles of that net work of justice termed International Law were laid- Then came the era of feudal despotism and the tyranny of man over his fellow man ; when knowledge was confined to the convent nnd the castle, and the chains of despotism crushed the last hope of the slave 1 Then did the power of knowledge become more evident by tho great darkness which sur-runded it ! We pass the Critsndes nnd come to the Reformation. Europe was at this time fast falling into that state of ignorunoe and dark ness which chniacterieed it before the Gre cian ago. Tho Church which had become despotic and venal, was claiming absolute spiritual and temporal power over all nations. Liberty had long ago disappeared and was almost forgotten among men 1 Luther made his appearance and the world hailed him with joy 1 The power of monarchical institutions of thnt period was carefully limited and the influence of the people rose in the same ratio that the sway of the princes was diminished. The Feudal System, with all its odious features, may be regarded as the true guar dian of the rights of the people. Under it the power of state was equally divided between the nobles and the sovereign, Each being jealous of their own power resisted quickly any aggression on the part of , the other. Had this not been the case, one or the other would have obtained absolute power, and the last hope of the great masses would have departed, and tyranny in its most revolting form would have swayed the destines of Europe t But, as it is a seeming principle in the nature of man to delight iu humbling his rivals, though he may not aggrandize himself by doing it ; so in England, the nobles jealous of the power of tho sovereign, and aware that the people would not permit them to assume that power of which they wished to deprive it succeeded in diminishing that power, and giving it to the people, nnd at the same time retaining their own. And whatever privileges and liberiies the p'ople of England enjoy to-day, they owe them not to the kindness aod generosity of tho British no- bles.but to tho hatred, jealousy and bitterness which existed between the nobles and sovereign, 'i he nobility of England with her noble and liberal institutions, with all her intelligence, wealth and power exert a greater influence to day ihan they ever did before; or, than any oilier nobility on tho face of the globe I At this time principles of civil and religious liberty were springing up in various parts of Europe, end the fiiends of these principles claimed thnt England would be the first to recognise them. The theory had been settled that Kings had no right to tax their subjects without the consent of the legislature. England possessed the quaternary support of civil liberty ; the parliament, trial by jury, magna '.harts, and the common law. The Sse of Rome became alarmed at the success of tho Reformation, and concentrated his whole power to defeat it. England was defrauded from receiving those principles; for Henry1 the VIII arrogated to himself the same power which in the name of Christianity and with the aid of the people he had wrested from the See of Rome. The Church of England became as oppressive as ever that of Rome ; nnd it seemed as if the flattering hopes of the Reform ers were not to be realized. But, a mighty npheaving fire was burning, which was destined to break out as a beacon light to an oppressed world 1 , ' A noble band of persons because they could not worship God according to the simple truths of the Bible and the dictates of their own conscience left their native homes' arid embarked for Holland ; then a land Of religiods freedom.' Laboring under disadvantages' here they detenpinedtd go to America; and arriving in England' from Holrand, In July 1620, they departed en the tilth of September, in too Mayflow- er, for1 the Western world. After being tossed about by the ocean's storms the rig glng of their ship shattered, and their frail bark at times nearly submerged, they arrived in November, off the coatt of Massa chusetts. Here they formed themelven into a " civil body politic, under the crown of England, for the purpose of framing just and equal laws, ordinances, acts, constitutions, nnd offices," to which they all agreed to submit and obey. Here for tho first time in the history of the world by a small band of persons in a foreign clime were established those civil and religious lews which aro now awakening the slumbers of rfotferis and are destined to become the ruling laws of the civilized world I This band of persons were the Pilgrim Fathers ; tho true founders of AmericBn institutions I And tuch was the origin of tho American people 1 There had been a settlement in 1G07 on the James liver ; bat, it was not firmly established until several years after the land ing of the Pilgrims ; so that, they rosy be regarded as the Fathers of American Lib-?rty. . , The wonderful effects of that Puritan band upon a foreign soil are seen before us to day ; their settlement of a country whose limits are the two great oceans ; whose people boast of having the only free and enlightened government among nations-whose ships cf commerce carry the flag of the free and the brave to every clime ; and whoso liberties will yet be the praise of (inborn millions I Then let a monument be erected to their memory until its summit is lost in the skies I Let it meet the sun in his coming,' and follow him in bis course, casting alternately its shadows from the Oiient to the Occident I Let it be of material as endurable and unchangeable as the principles of Eternal Justice f Let its inscriptions be colossal, so that, if unfortunately our institutions should moulder away, and their history be lost in the misty legends of antiquity they will yet point the aspirant for liberty to those noble actions which characterized the rude fore fathers of the Pilgrims, and which the towering monument will commemorate f Tbe landing of the Pilgrims in 1623' was not the only prominent event in the history of that year. An evil was introduced the same year which gradually spread its blighting influence over the colonies until the Revolution ; when it was restrained by the patriots of that dark and eventful period ; which restraint was in unison with the great principles of civil and religious equality for , which they fought. But, like other evils restrained, it accumulated inherent power and again begansweeping its liberty crushing maUiia over our Public Domain 1 It has turned republicans into tyrants, dragged the ministry from the puipit into its slimy depths, and turned homes once happy into houses of weeping and sorrow ! It has crept into the councils of the Nation, and may there be seen with its despotic hand I It seeks triumph in the "Ship of State ;" and its evil influences are felt throughout the length and breadth of the empire. It is even now hovering over the mighty West; and the unnumbered morning and evening prayers of freemen go up to heaven in tup-plication for its removal 1 This secured evil is Slavery I Must it be thus? "Shall hateful tyrants, mischief breeding, With hireling hosts, a ruffian band, Affright and desolate th land. While Peace and Liberty lie bleeding t" What a coincidence I What a theme for the moralist 1 In one year were principles established, which on the one hrtrjd, gave 'oirlh to a Nation, destined, apparently, to rise to the principle of human glory ; while on the other, the principles an- pear determined to drag the Nation into depths of infamy and vice, at which, th.9 most bubarous nations of Europe revolt 1 The love of liberty is a natural element implanted by God in the human mind, lit restraint is first felt in one's notions ; afterwards in tho vocation one wishes to pursue ; and again in tho freedom of speech, the last and the choicest blessing. All men seek it ; the slave by his cringing servility and complaisance to his master in the hope of extending his freedom, and the freeman, by the establishment of such laws at ha thinks will most likely conduce to secure it. But, as they seek for this liberty with dif-fereat ulterior motives in view, there arils diflcrtat codes of laws. Some seek it t aggrandize themselves and their (elect friends, others for the happiness of their own generation, and for the benefit of posterity. Hence the origin of monarchies and republics, ." Revolutions shotlld be Ihe last retort of an oppressed people ; and in well settled m'onarchies they invariably are so. Political reformations In such governments al-ways itieet with strong opposition. ' Radical reformers have but few sympathisers . and their motives are often not appreciated ; until their objects, are aceqrnpIUbed. If tb6y stiocecd,' they, receive r.lh adulation ahdllomage of jlheir fellow jrnen; if tbey . fai tjieir scorn 'and t contempt, : . Pablia . opinion must be changed ; and, the enemiea , of rororms are odea more eauiv united tb . J IvAIJJ Sii.1 -! 4 it . 8 Jtei i .V!!"1 kMw:T Is L.!-! )