Mt. Vernon Democratic banner (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1853), 1861-03-12

              XS? ' I t IT' MOTJNT VERNON, OHIO: TUESDAY, MARCH 12. 1801. VOLUME XXIV. NUMBER 'i7.: DT I. XI ABPER. Oflca in VoiTArd'i Block, TMrd Story TERMS f Two Dollars per uaim, payable ia d-Ymne ; $2.0 within six nontlu ; (3,00 aJUr th ax-piration of (ha jaar. ; MflLUGUKAL ADDRESS PRESIDENT LINCOLN ! ) - , Waabkotov, Mwcb 4. FtXUm-Citizen$ofih United State-U com plianc with a euioa aa old a the Government, ittelf, I appear before" joa to address fon bfiefl, and to uke in jour presence the oath prescribed . hj the ConeiHuttoo of the United Statea to be taken by the President before be entera on the ezrentioa of hia o5ce. 1 do not eooaider it Decenary, at present, for nt to discnaa tboee matter of administration, aboMi which there ia so special anxietj or ez-eiiement. 3 Appraheaaioa seems to exiat among the poplei of the Southern Stales that, by the accession of a Kepobticaa administration, their property, and their peace, and personal security are to be endangered. There has never been any reasonable caase for anch apprehension. Indeed, the most ample evidence to the contrary baa all the while existed and been open to their inspection. It is found in nearly all the published speechea of him who bow addressee you. I do bat quote froa one of those speeches, when I declare that I have no purpose directly or iadireciy Jo inte fere with the institution of elavery, in the States where it exists. I believe 1 have no lawful rigfatto do so, and I have1 no inclination to do it. Those who nominated and elected me did so with the full knowledge: that I had made this and many similar declarations, and had never recanted them.. And more than this, they placed in the platform for my acceptance, as a law to themselves, and to me, the clear and emphatic resolution which I oo" read:! HeMoleed. That the maiitca.iice inviolate of the riirht f 'be Slates, am! e-,p-cUy the rijrfet of eaeb S:te, to order and control , its owu do. "nie'mic institutions accordit.to u o j'id-met exclnsively. i ensentUf to that" balaine o( power on whirh the perfection and endurance or our pnltriritl fabric depend, at-d we denfunce the ,!;! inanion hy an armed fi.roe of th jfovern-tner.t of ajny Siatet or Territory, no matu r under what j rtjxt, ns am r g the ravet f t rimfs. . I now rsiterate tnes setitin'ntf, atd in doing 10 I ot.ly pres upon the public aetio the. moat com jusive evidence of which he ause is usoeptiblt. that the pn pert?, peace and security of no section are to be in any wise endangered by the incoming Adtnintstratinn; I ad -too, that all the protection, nsistetrtly with the Constito-io and the laws can he 'given, will he cheer fHy given to all the States when lawfully demanded, for whatever case, as cheerfully to one section aa another, j' Is ihere'mech eontroversv aSoot delivering of . fui,itia frnm nerrire or labor? The clUl" now read, ia a plainly written ta the Constitution as any other W its provisions. No person held to service orj labor in one State, under the laws thereof, escaped into another, shall in eonse quenee ofj any law or regulation therein be die-charged from euch aervice or labor, bot shall be delivered bp on claim of the party to whom euch aervice or labor may be due." It is scarcelv questioned that this provision was intended by tboee who made it for reclaim ing of what we call fugitive slaves and the intention of law given is the law. All members of Congress swear their support to the wbole Constitution. Ho this provision as much aa to any other. T the proposition, then, that slavee whose cases come within the terms of this clanfe, shall be delivered op. their oaths are unanimous. Now it they would make the effort in good temper, could thej not, with nearly equal unanimity, frame and pass a law by means of which to keep food that unanimous oath? There is some difference of opinion whether this claim shoo Id be enforced by natiot. al or State aa-horitjput Barely that difference is not a very material one. If the slave is to be surrendered, it can be of but little consequence to him or to others by which authority it is done, and should any one in any case be cor tent that bis oath shall be nnkept, or a merely unsubstantial controversy aa to how it aball be kept? Again, in any law pon this subject ought not all the safe gards of liberty know ia civilised and humane jarifl prudence to be introduced so that a freeman may not in any case be surrendered as a slave; and might it not be well at the same time to provide by lav for tbe enforcement of that clause in the Coastitalioa which guarantees that tbe eiti ztn of each. State shall be entitled to all tbe privileges and iuuauuitfea of citizens to tbe several States? uke the official oath to-day with no mental reservations, and with bo parpose to construe the Constitution or laws by any hypercritical rules; and while I do not choose nor to specify pari teals acts of Congress aa proper to be nf.ed, I do suggest that it will be ranch aafer for a'l in ofuiial and private stations to conform to. and -. abide by aU these acts which stand a tire pealed, thaa ta violate any of them, trusting to find im. panisy ia havinf them held to be unconstitutional It is seventy-two years since the first Maogo. ration of a President under Our national Constitution. During that period fifteen different and fTreatlv distinguished citizens have in succession - administered the executive branch ot die Government. Taey have conducted k through many perils, and generally with great saceesa. Ye-erith all thug scope for precedent. I now enter op-on tbe saae task (r the brief constitutional term of four vetra under great and peculiar difficulties. Disruption of the Federal Ui.ion, hereto gore only 'menaced is now frmidibly attempted. hold that in coutemplaiion of universal law and 4of tb Coo'juiuii.w, the Union of these States is perpetual. Perpetuity j implied, if not expr. ed, in tbe fundamental la f all national gov. raents. . It ta aafe to assert that no govern meat proper over had a provision in its organic few for its own termination. Continue to execute all the express provisions of our national - Conatitatioa and the Union will cad ure forever, it being impossible todissolve it, except by some action not provided ton ta the inatromeat itself. - Aain. if the United fctates be not a govern mcnt prooer. bat aa association of State ia the catara of contract mere!, can it a a contract be. peaeeabty unmade by less thaa all tbw parties) who made it? One party to a eootraet maw eio lat It, break it, an to cpaak, bat It B.olr sisira all to lawfully rescind i:T - .Descending from these general " priaopl. CaJ the propositioa that ia legal eatemslaft tae Union u crpetasu coatrmad by tba htstarj of the TJsion iut'.T. The Ceiow U mach oUer thaa the Con:atiCB. , It was (brated, n fact. by the aittcies cf a:soc.ii-c ia 1774. It matured an! cc:'--tl Ij lit Dc'iriie cf Is-drpsanceia 11', It xi f.: rr gosrad, . nd tba fil.i cr all tit llsa 13 L-ixa sx-ratiy j ::-iUd aaJ e;i-I tiat U sloill be parpata. .! tj tit wUUat 4 ttziZsnZrsa 4a IirC asJ finally, ia 1787. on of the declared objects for ordainiog and establishing the Const'tution, was to form a more perfect Union. By one, or by a part of one only of the Statea seceding, if it be lawfully possible, the Union is less even thaa it was before the Constitution, having lost tbe vital element of perpetuity. , It follows from these views that no State, upon its own mere motion, can lawfully get out of the Union; that resolves and ordinances to that effect are legally void; and that acts of violence, within any States or State against the authority of the United States are insurrectionary or revolutionary according to circumstances. I. therefore, consider that in view of the Con stitotton and laws, the Union is unbroken, and to the extent of my ability, shall take care, aa the Constitution itself expressly enjoins on me, that tbe laws of the Union be faithfully executed in all of the St&tes. Doing this I deem it to be only a simple duty on my part, and I shall per form it so far as practicable, unless my rightful masters, the American people, aball withhold the requisite means, or ia soma manner aireci tbe contrary. I trust this will not be regarded as a menace, bat only as the declared purpose of the Union, that it will constitutionally defend and maintain itself. In doing this there need be no bloodshed or violence, and there shall be uone unless it be forced upon the national authority. The power confided to me will be nsed to bold, occupy, and possess the property and places belonging to the Government, to collect duties and imports: bat beyond what may be necessary for these objects, there will be no invasion, no using offeree against or among tbe people any where. Where hostility to the Uuiled States in any interior locality, shall be so great and so noiversal as to prevent competent resident citizens frowi holding federal offices, then will no attempt be made to force obuoxious strangers among the people that object. . While tbe strict legal right may exist in tbe Government to enforce tbe exercise of these offices, the attempt to do so would besoirrttating.and so nearly impracticable withal, that I deem it belter to forego for a time the user: of such offices. The mails, unless repelled, will continue to be furiittbed in all Kints of tbe Union, and so far as possible the people everywhere shall have that sense of perfect security which is most favorable to calm thoughts and reflection. The course here indicated will be followed aniens current events and experience shall show a uiod iication or change to be proper : and in every cae and exigency onv best discretion will be ex-- tnued according to circumstances actually ex iki ng, and with a view and a hope of a peaceful solution of the national troubles, end the restorations of the fraternal sympathies and aSVc (ions. ; Tbt there are persons in one section rr an other who seek to destroy the Union at all event) and are gll of anv pretext to do it, I will neiiher kftirui t-r deny; but if there be such, I need ad-drroa no wf-rrt. To the, however, who really love the Union, cony I tu t speak? Before entering upon so grave a matter as detruc'ion of our national fabric, with all its. benefits. Us memories aud hopes, would it not be wise to ascertain previously why we do so? Will yon hazard a desperate ste? while there is any possibility that any portion f tbe ills yoo flv from have no real existenceT While the certain ills you fly to are greater than all the real oue you fly from? Will you ri?k the commission of so fearful a mistake? All profess to be content with tbe Union, if all constitutional rights can be maintained. Is it true, tben, that any right, plainly written in tbe Constitution, has been denied ? I think not. Happily the human mind is so constituted that no party can reach to tbe audacity ot doing thin. Think, if you can, of a single instance in which a plainly written provision of the Constitution baa ever been denied. If by the mere force of numbers a majority shall deprive a minority of .i i ... I l. any vicariy wnivciiCuunuuuu,i nyui, it tuijtui. in a moral point of view, justify a revolution. It certainly would if such a right were a vital one But such is not our course. All tbe vital rights of minorities and of individuate are so plainly augured to tbem by affirmations and negotiations guarranteed by prohibitions in the Constitution, that controversies never arise concerning them. But no organic law can be framed with a provision specially applicable to every question which may occur in practical edmiaistraiion. No fore 1 sight can anticipate, nor any document of reasonable length coi taia express provisions for all possible questions. Shall fugitives from labor be surrendered by national or State authority, the Constitution does not expressly any. May CVn gress prohibit slavery in the Territories ? The Constitution does not expressly say. May Congress protect slavery in the Territories ? The Constitution does - ot expressly say: From questions of thia class sprang all oar Constitutional controversies and we divide them in mnj rilies and minorities. If the minority will not a qaietce the majority must or the go.-eroment must cease. There is no other alterna t te for continuing the government but acquiescence on the ona aid or the other. If a majority in such case will secede rat her than acquiesce, they mak a precedent wnich in turn will divide and ruin them, for a maj irity of their own will secede froja tbem whenever a majority refuses to be coutroilad by anch a minority. For instance. why may not any portion of a new confederacy, a year or two hence, arbitrarily secede again pre ciseiy as portions of the present Union now claim to seced from it ? Ail who cherish disunion sentiments ar now beiog ed nested to thexact temper of doing this. Is there such perfect identity of interests among the States to oompos a new Union as to produce harmony only and prevent renewed secession? Plainly the ct-ntral idea of secession is the essence of anarchy. . A msjority held in restraint by coostkotvonal checks and limitations, and always changing entity with the deliberate changes of ppalar opinions and sentiment, is th only true sovef. eiirniy of a free people. Whoever rejects it does of necessity, fly to anarchy or despotism. Unanimity is impossible The rale of a minority as a permanent arrangement is wholly inadmissible; that rejecting the mjrity principle. anrfh ed denoiisfn, in some form, ia all that is h fi. I do not forget the position assumed: by some that Constitutional questions ar to b decid-d y the Supreme Court $ nor do 1 fleny tnat sue) decisions meet b binding in any case npnn the parties to a suii, as to the object of that suit ; while they ar also entitled to very high respect and consideration in all paralltl cases by all other departments of the Government ; find abibj it is obviously possible that anch decision may b er roneous ia any giren case, still the vtl effect following it being limited so that partioalar ease. wUbtb chaae that it mav b overraled and aorar bewea a precedent for other eases, can oettar b bora than could the evils of a dUTer- at praeiiea. At the ansa tim th casdii eiU ism mtM cwalsw that if tU policy of ih govern stent Bpots Us) vital ctastioB crctiag the hi po ts to Ve irrvvoeai-'y CiaJ by deris. tomct usuTms cessrt. ti tsajsaat tWy ere mad, as ia eriaary Cdgoai bsrvm th par-oe ia per-KKtl access. ee Tl kav CSTsr-T t s liiT sri raiers, Utif; as thaa x teat. prc-csy r sx &ra rsnnmsu &c C-UtzJsrLtSsaL liar it ii -aaC It Is City Lra 1--T ttry sbiiik to it;-1 ea-i:s rrr'r y t--oc;U tUsa.l Uis ttwCscf tljjs ifcaaseai to t-aa. Call t! tr ,-xn t pr " 'f3 rgrsssa Css section of oar country believes slavery is right and ought to be extended, while the other believes it ia wrong? and onght not to be extended. This is the only snbstatiat dispute, for th fugitive slave clause of tbe Constitution and th law tor th suppression of th foreign slave trad are each a well enfbred perhaps as any law can be, iu a- community where tb moral seas of the people imperfectry supports the law itself. The great body of the people abide by the dry legal obligation in both cases. After th seperation of tbe sections, the foreign slave trade, now im perfectly suppressed, would be ultimately revived without restriction in on section, while fugitive slaves now only partially asrrendered wonld bOt be surrendered at aU by to otner. Physically speaking, we cannot separat. W cannot remove our respective sections from each other, dot build aa impassabl wall be-: tween them. A husband and wife may be di vorced, and go oat of the presence, and beyond the reach of each other, but th different parts of oar country cannot do this. They cannot bat remain face to face, and aa intercourse either amicable or hostile must cootinae between them. : Is it possible, then, to mak that intercourse more advantageous or more satisfactory after separating than before ? Can aliens mak treaties easier than friends can mak laws ? Can treaties be more faithfully enforced between alt-ens thaa laws among friends? Sappos yon go to war yoa cannot fight always, and when after much loss on both sides and no gain oa either, yoa can cease fighting, th old identical quea tiona aa to the terms :of intercoms are again upon yoa. This conn try, with its institutions, belongs to th people who inhabit it; Wbeoev er they shall grow weary of the existing govern-roent they can exercise their constitutional right of amending it or their revolutionary right to dismember or overthrow it. I cannot be ignorant of tb fact that many worthy and patriotic citizens are desirous of having the national Constitution amended. While I make no recommendation of amendments I fully recognize the rightful authority of the people over the Whole subject to be exercised in either of the modes prescribed in the instrument itself and I rhould, under existing circumstances, favor rather than oppose a fair opportunity be ing offered the people to act upon i I will venture to add that to me the ponven tion mode seems preferable, inasmuch as it allows the amendment to originate with the people themcelves, instead only of permitting them to take or reject a proposition originated by othars. not especially chosen for the purpose, and which might not be precisely such aa they would wish to either accept, or refuse. 1 understand a proposed amendment, ' however, . I have, not seen, has passed Congress, to the effect that tbe Federal Government shall never interfere with the domestic institutions of the .Slates, including that of peisous held to service. . , To avoid a misconstruction of what I have said, I depart from my purpose, not to speak of particular amendments so far as to saj that hold. lug such a provision' to be Mow implied as Con stitutional law, I have no objection to its being mnde express aud irrevocable. A Chief Magistrate derives his authority from the people, and they have conferred none upon bim to fix terms for the separation of tbe Stales. The people themselves can dotbi also, if ..thj. choose : but the xeeutive as such has nothing to do with it. Ilia duty is to admister the pres ent Government as it comes to bis hands, to transmit it unimpaired by him to his successor.. Why should there not be a patient confidence i i the ultimate lust ice of the people? Is there any better or equal hope in the world ? In our pre sent differences, is neither party without faith or being in sight of the Almighty Ruler of nations with his eternal..truth and justice be on onr side. of tbe fnortb, or on yours or the South, tnattrutn and that justice will surely prevail by tbejadg ment of this great tribunal th American peo-' pie. By the frame of the Government under which we live this same people have wisely given their public servants but little power for mischief, and have with equal wisdom provided for tbe return of that little to their own hands at very short in tervals. While tbe people retain their virtue and vigilance no administration, by any extreme of wickedness or folly can very seriously injur th government, in the short sce of four years. My countrymen, one and all, think calmly and well on thia wbole subject nothing valuable can be lost by taking time. It there be an ob- iect to harry any of you ia hot hast to a step which yow would never have taken deliberately, that object will be frustrated by taking time-; but no good object can be frustrated by it. Such of you as are now dissatisfied, still have the old Consultation unimpaired, and the aensi live part of the laws are of your own framing un der it. While the new Administration will hve nO immediate power, if it would, to change i tber. if it were admitted that you who are dissat isfied hold the right side in the dispute, there still is no s ngle rood reason lor precipitate ac tion. Intelligence, patriotism, Christianity, and a firm relimce in Him who has never yet forsa ken this favored land, are still competent to adjust in the best way ell our present difficulties. In your hands, my dissatisfied countrymen, and not in mine, is tbe momentous issue of civil war. Tb Government will not assail you you xtmo have no conflict without being yourselves the ag grersbrs. You have no o&th registered in hea ven to destroy the Government, while I shall have the most solemn one to preserve, protect end defend it I era loth to close. We are not enemter bot friends t we mast not be enemies. Though pas sion may have strained it must not break our bonds of affection. The mystic cords of memo ry stretching from every battle field and patriot grave to every loving heart and hearthstone all over this broad land, will yet swelt the chorus of the Union, when again touched, as surely ss they will be by the better angels of our nature. More Oans. The Wr Department has just issued an order to the Springfield armory for tbe manufacture of 1,200 moskets per month, Commencing March Isr, insteai of 00 per month, as at tbe present They are to be of the latest and best pattern of rifle musket none better in the world. The capacity of the armory is about M0Q or 1,500 per month, bot 1.200 will mak business, brisk aad give employment to many additional works. The Military in TMkiastcau Tber ar 9b4 U. 8. troopt in WaskiagtoB city, at this time, including ivaa competiias of artillery, aad on of sapper ,b4 aaiaaca. Of tie oiScera ia eommaBd, only w ar troa th Soeth, and they ban from Vir;bia stfti Cortb Carolina. Tho kBpti7" Jf?!3TtiUa of th Eaos, ia tisir report, shov li : 1 ibsx Us tot bea ii sajtlust real teaaat f- '.'xa abesl ih eixar X ITasiisgtoav - XC Th carrrrpod t cf tka II. T. TTorU the wrlirs fcoa TTatilBlsw - sVsovtl tsttacri-al was praexi ia tia Csaals, pnjie: fa lit tsrtt cf a l&wrtr-st.asets&iom ia anj Ssis, d als;! tret ;Jaa f Eos'-i CatcII. . liti tU titaaiC rxzjcsj uzzUt aa tie cLscsa, .-. AEOTJT rOJJLT STJIIT22 Th Charlestoa correspondent of tb N. Y. Ilarald thus writes regarding lb reinforeemeat ot Fort Sumter t There are four channels of enlraac to Charles ton harbor Main ahip channel, rnnaing witbia range of Morris Island aad fear miles parallel tb tb beach i MafSt'a channel, which begins at a shoal named, significantly, tb EatUesnake, approach Sullivan's Island not far from as ugly breaker, called Drunken Dick, and passes by th ao less ngly gaas of Fort Moo Itri. Between these two channels ar the remaining two Swash channel, sot wall marked, and North ehaaaeb littl tsaed. Tb lev water depth of th best of th four is bat leven feet. A steamer eateriaf by eitief chanael to land reinforcements at Fort Sumter would bav to pass a certain point, situated ia the only oavtgable approach to th fori, Should a steamer sncced in reaching that point it would there receive tbe combined fire of Fort Johnson, Fort Moultrie, Battery No. 4 and Battery No, 2 the distaares from the point designated to the forts and bat' teries named being respectively two miles, three. fourths of a mile, half a mile, and a mile and a halt. A steamer, therefore," at the point referred to would b exposed to the iroa bail from more than twenty.fiv gaas, at an averag distaae of less thaa a mil and a fifth. (The Star of the West turned back befor reaching il.) In the event of an attack opon Fort Sumter there could be brought to bear upon it the fire of Fort Johnson, Fort Moultrie, Battery No. 5, ah mw " . ' w eea V ' . a Battery Mo. z, and iJattary o, a tnat is a fir from at least twenty-five gans and ten nor tars. ' . To oppose this attack from fire points there are ia Fort Sumter certainly not more than sev entv-fiv men, if as many ; and as it requires at least five men to each gun, of the large number of guns in Fort Sumter, only fifteen could be brought into action. But when guns ar mounted in casements (that is, have solid masonry above. beneath and on either side) as to this fort, the violent concusssion accomoaortng their dis charges soon causes those who man them to suf fer severely from rush of blood to the head, and, in consequence, it becomes necessary to relieve the men for a time. - Hence of " the seventy-five men garrisoning Fort Sumter, at least one-third would bf.ve to act as a reserve, and the remainder, fifty men. could man only ten gone. Thus, it appears, that but two guns could b opposed to each of the fiv attacking batteries Jir( i-j It would seem, then, that to "reinforce Fort Sumter is of paramount importance ; but since the approach of a war steamer has been rendered impracticable, a shown, the only alternative would be for a reinforcement to enter Light House Inlet in small boats, land on the south end cf Morris Island, march the length of that Island (three or four miles,) take battery No. 1 and Battery No. 4, and having thus reached tbe north end of the island or Cumming's Point, Fort Sumter would be but a thousand yards distant ar.d to cross would be an easy matter. To defeat such a movement, however, ample provisions bav been made. Battery No. 6 has been planted on tbe south end of Morris Island, so as to command Light Mouse Inlet, aad a force of six or eight hundred men has been quartered on th same island, the larger part being stationed at the south ead near th Bat tery. With less ample means Col. Thompson, in '76 successfully disputed Clinton's pasaag of Long Island Ford. Frm tb Palmetto Gaard, with Battery No. 6, may be expected at least aa much aa from Col. Thompson with his littl eighteea pounder and light field piece. XETTEB. KLOM FQUT FICXE2TS- Tb following letter was recently written by Col. Slemmer, Commaadant at Fort Pickens t February 20. 1861. Dxsa BaoTHea -As a special messenger will leav her lot Washington to.morrow, I will ask bim to carry tome private Utters, with bis public ones, and let you know some little about Fort Pickens and the inhabitants thereof. I only wish it were not so aeuek of a ons-sided arrangement, as we need letters down here mora than you for. tunate people op North can. Th papers com through sometimes, but letters never. It quit surprises me to see my name figuring to extensively ta the eewspspers. I have aiaply done my duty ; bat I sappose the doing it, ender such a pressure of opposition, makes it appear credit able. The troops are leaving the opposite shore, disgusted at playing soldier, I suppose. They say there are only about three hundred remain ing, and these are. regulars, having enlisted for one year. My messenger to the yard, this morn ing sail they were afraid we would attack thvtn now. We could do so, and get possession again of everything ia aa boar, if we wens only permitted to take such a course. I hav bow mount, ed nearly all the guns that is, all that ar really necessary to enable tbi work to be defended by a fore of fiv haadred men. : TjT bav arorked like horse ta aeec-mpSsb lalt, but great things caa b doa bf assail aMaa wbasi eav kawsrs how. This aanfl eaamaad kae dosa tsara thaa Chaat ar Loataa awall bar iomm wub their tars thaaaaad saaa, aad tiry knew it. Cavieg aa w caaa ga a? aa tiry swaar we bav bad , raia&reaassata. Ia lct tie pspara asy aotkieg ak encli 1st - rt t I at" tr baaa auslal ia asaa am Ilia vassals. It is tree era coaU bare !sa sa&I tLry te aoee the wiser i bas aci cxa tata illti to tils aoo aa a ad froxa tiaav. la sa panlctlar are ve tbat cot area aa aCcsr lu come ashore, wiib lie axar-pUoa cf Cs-rUia Tc-ijs, asi be only eaca, aibsa t!ii vesstl tn cz?, ' , Tlesa Cottlieta p-p:i tra r-i"-yic2 1 fTtl tf f!;a wpom'tvioTzt r?. Css ix, ti&t J f-ai bear4 a ey tiai if tiey ts,3 aU&cisI tie tut sy tlie iviisz lie tftetn dzjf I wouli tre ... a a of tboaa days, aad if they had come they would have learned tbe deSoitioa of one kiad of grape. .. - . . Tbe people oa the opposite abore think we ar ta a muck, more defensible condition than when they first came. Th moral effect of th guns oa top is great. When the cnov was first made, I worked most where they could aot see me, aad they thought but little was doing, bot when my mea were pat ta work oa tbe barbette guns, aad they saw tbem go ap almost like magie, as they thought, (they could scarcely mov their own gaas) they begaa to think troublesome times were coming. There are only, as I said befor about four hundred mea at th barricks, Fort Barrancas and old McCrea only enough to gar. soa them. Tbey are verry much afnud that soma fin tnoraing they will find tb ships in the harbor, with the tatelligenc to tbem that they can leave in two boors, unless tbey prefer to be food for powder. hew nsTEiornro schehe. The Republicans of the Ohio Legislature have gotten up a new scheme for districting the State for Congressional purposes. They now make aineteeo districts, giving th Democrats six. The following conn tie compos tb districts: No. 1. A part of Hamilton. Population of 123.738. Republican majority 1.250. ; No. 2. A part of Hamilton and ClermosL Population 123,738. Democratic majority 1,225. No. 3. Butler, Preble and Montgomery Population 108,897. Democratic majority 134 . No, 4. Darke, Miami, Shelby, Auglaize and Mercer. Population 124,406. Democratic ma. jority 788. . . " No. 5. Yaawert, Paulding, Defianca, William Putnam. Henry, Fulton, Wood and Lucas. Pop ulation 119.049. Republican majority 1320. No. 6. Adams, Brown, Highland, Warren and Clinton. Population 126,151. Republican majority 1,283. No, 7. Fayette, Clarke, Green, Madison, Champaign and Logan Population 124,131. Republican majority 4030. No. 8. Morrow, Marion, Hardin, Wyandot, Crawford and Hancock. Population I 12,282. Republican msjoritySl, No. 9. 3eneca, Sandusky, Huron, Erie and Ottawa. Population 114,495. Republican majority 2.371. No. 10. Lawrence, Scioto, Gallia, Jackson and Pik. Populatioa 127,954. Repablicaa majority 145-- ' . . No. 1 1. Vinton, Ross, Hockiog, FalrCeli and Pickaway. Popul-Uion 118,903. Democrat. majority 2,114.- - No. 1 2. Franklin, Licking, Delaware, and Union. Population 130,827. Repablicaa majority 696. ..'- ' No. 13. Coshocton, Knox, Holmes, Richland and Ashland. Populatioa 1 26,1 70. Democratic majority 1,141. j; No. 14. ; Medina. Lorain and Cuyahoga. Population 125,266. Republican majority 6,366. No. 15. Meigs, Athens, Perry, Morgan, Washington and Monroe. Populatioa 127,072. Democratic majority 338. . No. 16. Noble, Muskingum, Gserasey and and Belmont. Populatioa 125,tl0. Republican majority 169. No. 17. Harrison, Tuscarawas, Jefferson and Carroll. Population 127,406. Republican majority 4.111. No. 18. Wayne, Stark, 3ummit and Portage. Population 129,941. Republican majority I,-597. -f '' " - ; v No. 19. Mahoniog, Trumbull, Geauga, Lak av d Ashtabula. Population 121,382. Republi can majority 10.107. This bill is bad enough in all conscience, but still it is aot half so an iniquitous a measure as the first one, which we published in the Moaner a few weeks ago. It will be seen that th counties of Coshocton, Knox, Holmes, Richland and Ashland, form on Congressional district, under th present bill, with a handsome Democratic majority. : This new bill, if passed into a law, will put an end to Mr. Sherman's Congressional career, utiles his party should send him to th TJ. S. Senate, which is now understood to be the object of his ambitioa.. Lineola'f ''Ruso do Querra The HiWan-der'a ''Undez-groond aiIro&dHxploit. It is marvelous (says the Chicago limes) in these revolutionary days, how tb barometer of our hopes rises and falls. To-day a gleam of sunshine to-morrow a lowering heaven. Lin coln's speech at Philadelphia conch eu in bis usual elegant language, and bristling with vast and statesmanlike, views, reached us just in time to relieve us from intolerable fit of th political blues." Hop began to dawn again. Mr. Lincoln saw no need of war or bloodshed; he was op posed to all bloodshed, unless he was directly at tacked. Scarcely had we time, however, to breath freer, when tbe most startling news reaches us Lincoln is arming for th fight I By a masterly rase dt guerrt b lulls th South into repose by professiona of peace mad at Philadelphia. A.I Harrisburg h ooucciv and ex eat a aaasterly miliur movement which at eaaa pUca bias by th sid of Nspoleo for strategy, aad of Jackson fuTcoorag. Leaving bia baggag,wil and other iacambraaees, be doa bit anifora of martial tartan and at tb hour at miaaight boanda like alio into th midst T hi slsmbering foef What bop is there for aacb militia Colonels as Jeff Davt to contend against such geatas and courag as Ibis ? How mast tbe heart of the Soatbera traitor hare trem-hied could be have witnessed that charge 1 How . a b saw tb cnBt Highlander dashing on through th dark tunnels an J along th winding baaksof th Cavquebanna, ia th blank mid-ajghtf Witb bisUrtan EuUerin-j ia the wind, bis mi!iury buttons cutgUtteris? the basLfui surs, and hi Highland si anlks cccHy chocked oner a railroad aeat bow woi!J the cowardly iey cf Lis Uissiisippi heart Lava tlaac&ed hie craven cbeek I Henceforth tbe charge of ITzsiiald tlVcftf Csj-aia at Lo aad of tie tbi ia aet trae. ITy saea stood at tbe guns every f (ie tm0oraiit fanner "old gaard1 at Waterloo, mast grow dim oa tbe pages cf ham aa history. Heacefortb the charge of Lincola apoa tba South mast be tbe admira tioa of all hero worshipers. Tb infamy af civil war th as inaugurated will be half obliterated by thia briiUaat cowp dt esous of th great Luog.n . .. : :". " - Oh t aiat ywii glad yea jeiaed U Wlde-Atrahs, Joined the Wide-A wake," as. Tho Propoaitloa vhieh Paaaed tio Peace - voaxereaco. j Tba Paaea Coafereoc haviag adopted a re eommeadatioa to Congress, adjoarand. Th following ia the report complete and correct, as submitted by ax-President Tyler, President of th Conference, to tb Houses of Co gress aad referred in tba Senate to a select eommiu, which is to report at i o'clock to-day. Sxc I. fTbie is tb labatitute offered by Mr. Franklia, of Peaasytvania, for th first section of the msjority report from the Committee of the Conference In all the present territory of tb United States aot embraced by th Cherokee Treaty, north of tb paraUsa of thirty x degrees and thirty minutes of north latitude, involuntary servitude, except in punishment of crime, ia prohibited. In all the territory south of that line, the status of persons held to service or labor, as it now exists. shall aot ba changed i nor shall any. law be passed to binder er prevent th taking Of aucb peraooa to said territory, nor to impair tb rights arising from said relation ; but the same shall be subject to judicial cognisance ia th Federal Coarts, according to the common law. When aay territory north or south of said line, within such boundary aa Congres may prescribe, shall contain a populatioa equal to that required for a member of Congress, it shall, if its form of government be republican, h admitted into the Unioa oa aa equal footing with the original States, with or w about in voluntary aervitnde, as the Constitution of auch State may provide. Sac 2. Territory shall not be acquired by the United States, unless by treaty, nor, except for naval aad commercial stations and depots, unless sack treaty shall be ratified by four-fifiha of all the members of tha Senate. Sec 3. Neither the . Constitution nor aay amendment thereof shall be construed to give Congress power to regulate, abolish or control, witbia any State or Territory of tbe United Statea, the relation established or recognised by th laws thereof, touching persons bound ia labor or involuntary service therein, nor to interfere with or abolish involuntary service in the District of Columbia without lb consent of Maryland, and without the consent of th owners, or making the owner, who do aot consent just compensation ; nor the power to interfere with or prohibit Representatives and others bringing with them to tb City of Washington, retaining and taking away, persons so bound to labor; nor th power to interfere with or abolish involuntary service ia place nnder th exclusive jurisdiction of th United Slates witbia those Statea aad Territories where th aam ia established or recognised; nor th power to prohibit th removal by land, or.aea, or river, of persons held to labor or involuntary tcrvic ia any State or Territory of th United States to aay ether Stat or . Territory thereof where it is established or recognized by law or usage: and tb right during transportation of touching at ports, shores and landings, and of landing ia caa of distress, shall exist. Nor shall Congress hav power to authorize any higher rat of taxation oa parsons bound to labor thaa on land. Sec. 4. Tb third paragraph of the second section of th fourth article of the Constitution shall aot be construed to prevent any of the States by appropriate legislation, and through tbe action of lheir judicial and ministerial offi' crs. from nforciQg th delivery of fugitives from labor to tb persons to whom such service or labor is do. See. 5. Tba foreign slav trade and th im-portation of staves into the United States aud their Territories, from places beyond the present limits thereof are forever prohibited. Sxc 6. " The first, third and fifth sections, together with this section, six of these amendments. and the third paragraph of th second section of the first article of the Constitution, and the third paragraph ef the second section of the fourth article thereof, aball not be amended or abolished without the consent of all th States. - Sec. 7. Congress shall provide by law that the United States shall pay to the owner the full value o his fugitive from labor in all casrs where the marshal or other officer, whose duty it was to arrest such fugitive, was prevented from so doing by. violence or intimidation from mobs or riotous assemblages, or when, after arrest, such fugitive was rescued by force, and tbe owner prevented and obstructed in th pursuit of bis remedy for th recovery of such fugitive. Practical Experience is Batter than Experimental 8cience. The science of medicine, as practiced in hospitals and families, by nine-tenths of our regulsr phjsicians, is an experimental science. It has no fixed immutable principles; it is not founded on a consistent philosophy. Now mark tbe dif-ferec between tb experimental remedies of the profession, (which even the great Majendi de clares fail more freequently than tbey succeed,) and those of Professor Holljway, a mao who has bailt up a new system ef medical treatment, in which, as we verily believe, there is not a single flaw from its foundation to its aummit. We bar authentic statistics before oa, which show that th annual consumption of Holloway's Pills exceeds that of all th advertised prepara tions of th asm class at present before tbe world. This, of itself in a country where the opinion of the majority is considered entitled to supreme rt spect, should b -a sufficient warrant of superiority. Bat we have sees s still stronger proof of their ioestimabl properties, ia the shape of tba record of eertificaiea aad testimonials of cure received bj Professor Hollo way, directly and through hi agents, daring the lasC fiv years. Tbe yearly a vvr almost exceed belief. It ia upwards,. of 75,000. or mora thaa two h snored per day. There is ao qaestioa as to tb accuracy of thia statement. : Most of th documents are authenticated by legal forms, and th aaase of persons distinguished in evert department of ... ... . v , . - . t , pubuo uie Bguia ib in nati 10 im votumisxraa hietory of triampha of a graad discovery. There ia oo experinteating her bo playing at fast and loos with health aad life. It is on glorious uninterrupted march of success, ia w itch all inter, aaf diseases - have bea attacked aad extinguished. .... Among the most common and fatal diseases incident to onr climate, are those which affect th stomach, the liver aad the bowls. Wa have seen the effect of Qolloway'a Pille ia case of this nature, when we aver that they are specific, covering all - the varieties ef thes complaint, w ws peak what we do know. - Permit as, ia aU kindnese, to recommend all who suffer from bil iout disorders; whether tcufs cr chronic, to resort at once to this rsmady. It 1 aot our want to obtrude advira oa oar readers, nor ia each onr intention ttow $ but are are; ao thoroBghtr coa- vinred of the uniform eCcy ef these PUls, U every dissa thsl ae's tbe great secretive er-gar.e, tba we cannot f -bear iifff tbeai our earnest endorssmes aad reccsosudaiioa -r CD' tSyTb Soatbera Coagreaa has passed aa act aaaimously giaraateatBg tbe free aavisUoa cf tha Mississippi. tZT" Vice President Hamiia is aot as macb annoyed by See seekers aad party ttianajsri as tba President. . - ECVTbtee New Tork vessels bare tgaia bes tetaed at Savannah, and will ba retalaed aad the arms seised by tbe State aatboritiee of lUw York are delivered ep.-. J3 Gov. Aadrews, of Maaaacbssetta, a' i-4 recent message recommends tb abolltioa of eap ttal punishment ia that Stat, tJ Tb alleged improper dbaUoa af docttt ' menta and Utters for the South, at tba Waahie-. toa Gty Post oSca, U asthorativsly denied. . tJ Andrew Jokaaoa, tha patriotic . Ceaato ' from Tennessee, commenced life as a practical shoemiLfecr. . cy A Cleveland paper assertsthai there ia no lass a sum Jthan $100,003 invested la tie culture of bees ta Ohio. .x 13 Th Charleaton (S. C.) jcrearw aoUcea the result of the Virginia election under tie heading, "Distressing Foreign News. N eSTTh Newark merchanU bav unjted iaaa agreement aot to receive Wheeling and Virginia money after March 1st, except at 5 per cent, die count. XSy Thomas McDermott's wif aad two cbH d re a were burned to death ia hU dwelling aa Sunday eight, at Point Pleasant, N.J. t3 Tba Mahoqing Sentinel asyt that tba Chicago platform has oeea struck with tb dry rot, and its progress ia decay will b very rapid, ; OT Tb garrison at Fort Sampler fired a saint of thirty-four guns on Washiagtoa'e birth day. It is reported that Fort Moaltri reapoadt ed, but bow many gaas were fired by tb secessionists is aot stated. ' t3F A Western paper, announcing th dea, of a gentleman in Iowa, says "fl was a great admirer of Horace Greeley, but otherwise a re apectabl man.' ; ZJ- Ea President Tyler Is diasatUSsd wi tb result of the Peac Confertac aad said ba : was satisfied the South had aotbiag to hope firos) the Repablicana. t"A weak shepherd in Brooklyn, New Torkj has lat'y beea an masked. H was a flourishuij clsrgymaa, aad took too deep aa interest ia tba wife of on of bis most wealthy parishioaera.- Th scandal is flagrant. t3" A young girl nearly lost her life ia Mari, aa county, Orsgos, by using a loaded guabarr for a poker. gj" Tb story i revived among leading Ti-publicaa that the National Iatenigeacer will to the orgaa of Mr. Lincola'a admiuiatratioa. Z2T" The election ia Galveston aad Hesstoa on th adoption or rejection of tb secession or-diaance, resoltsd ia favor of tcssioa by large majority, XSySomsbody bas discovered that ao Franca sovereign over died ia tb Tuilsries palace, be cause all who bar occupied th abode bar ba driven away by popular troubles. fSL-The Hartford Times aaya a Connecticut planter in South Windsor prod need th lat tea" . soa, from an acre and a half of land, 3,943 poands cf tobacco. The oews from Charlestoa i to tbe efTc , that there U oo intention of an immediate attack on Fort Satopter. The people desire it, but Gor rnor Pickeus will await tba action of President Davis, - - Z$y Tba amoaat of lumber surveyed ia Baa gor, Me from January first to November 1st, 1860, was 156,769.117 feet. This is thirteen, million feet store thaa ia 1859, aad thirty-three million mora than ia 1853. : ' ; - ' gsT" Mr, Van Wyck, who was assaulted by three ruffians in Washington oa Friday night is said to be injured internally aad bit condition ia not improving, . - ggy Xh names of tbe Captain and LieuUa. ants of tb revenue cutter which was lately enr. rendered to th Louisiana authorities bav beea stricken fromthe roll of th service by th order of tbe Secretary of tb Treesury. IS" Mr, Niblack, member of Congress front-the Evansville District of Indiana, baa bean con firmed as Chief-Justice of Nebraska. H cue hardly get to that Territory before Lincola wCl giv him a Repoblicsa successor. Senator Wilson, of Massacbusetta ma an anti-compromise, and, of coorss, a disunion.-speech ia tb Senate. He ie as much af a DU anioniat M any man from a etcediug Elate, . ZZy U bas beea calculated at the Treasury Department that tbe issuing of eoupoa beads af tbe denomination of fifty dollars, will require the services cf two hundred aad fifty' el;ks (cr en month, g Nearly all lk leadiag ftUii;g bootee iaPhiZadalphia, New Tork aad BosSaa, at well aa newspaper pabnshers and editors, bav s'gatd a memoriaLio Presideat Libeol,a&ki&g tha sp poiatmeat of Scbujler Colfax, af ladiaaaaa Postmaster General. J Th City CocncU of Costoa bas passei a reaolutioa censuring Hoa. Charles Samarr fzw bis shameful libel apoa tb people of Masaacba. aetts, ia declaring that bar people wit had aigee j th Criitendea petition did not koow wbit it c v taincd. . ' - - - g3Tbe New Tort papers tell ef aHu! I -V who fell from the roof of a four story dw&iugt bousa th other day, struck bis bead oa lia j a-ment, and jumped ap asiajored. Ha tad s light bumpoa his forehead ecly, aad was play ing about a aaual a miaBtes aJlar th cceir rese, swemteg a littl tvpriaed, aa'lsg- tncrs. g? It Jia aa aid Ecriptate a2r-t CiX a "wicked ee abea eta psnustb. Cs nicely tbie fits tbef.'wtj Repubticaa rsiiett to bis ffea" froa Ilarrlstsri aa ir;i-7 ea ia Lis ear. CO-The oil fever wblcb prevents ii r s a Ure section cf tb country lZ.aU ta c ;:...; - pasiioB, and if it ka;s oa t&.i:t j Lt a r.w month to com as il bas does fr a f ? ' 7i wesk iu!f act tbroc;!.r:t It a :