Mt. Vernon Democratic banner (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1853), 1862-12-20

              " 1 . . .1 1 ' ' 1 ... ' i ' . ,,..., ... ... i i J ' i ii" mi i i ' ' i . , , - ... r - . - -J- VOLUME XXVI. MOUNT VERNON, OHIO: SATURDAY, DECEMBER 20, 1862. NUMBER 36. (jc gtmotratic fanner X8 rBLISnKI EVEItT S ATmD.V Y MORMXQ BY L. HARPER. 4 Alec in Woodward Hlock, 3d Story. TERMS. Two Dollars per annum, payable in ad-riince; $2.5 within sis months; $3.00 after the expiration of the year. i A ... EDITED BY L. HAKPER. What the Soldiers in the Army Think of Lincoln's Proclamation. The Newark Advocate of last week publishes a lengthy and very interesting letter from Capt. J. II. FuTM.vx, dated Cagey 's Ford, on the Cumberland, Tennessee, Nov. 24, 1802, from which we make the following extract. Captain Putmax was formerly editor of the Newark Voice of the People, and is now in command of a company, raised in Newark and vicinity. What he writes about the feeling in the army in regard to Lincoln's Abolition Proclamation, is well authenticated by information fro.n other quarters. He says : Thfl news of flip rfit ?,rf irma wra rr-o J,!., I t cuio .!,,. J suit to augur a speedy peace. All are hearti-1 Iv sick of the war, particularly the unsatisfac-' t'orv policy pursued, and would be willing to ' Wore the negro and accept any honorable terms which wouui restore tne union, i oe-1 Jieve every soldier in the army would cheer-j fully serve their country in this trying crisis, j terms which would restore the Union. I be-1 TT.iinu. I ii t flP ftf.i,n,a vn.,,Ani;i.u r,ide' even l,v n.it r.i. l. t i on us the conviction that we are floating into as io ue anoviw reacn. Anu wnen a different channel from the one in which we I we ildam'e that highest conception of hu-launched the bark freighted with our precious man known, practically, in our own hopes f ,r a restored ami happy country, and untry only, and come to constitutional law getting into the black waters of Abolitionism, i 1 ie '''cd will of the people, by wh.ch which can only throw u, from its corrupt bed thev povern the governors,, what governors discord and anarchy. We fear that the no- are v?n1 ,,s con.,ri ; "hat citizens are too tie resolution which Congress adopted, setting . loW lor ,lS. P1?11'0"' Penalties and forfeit-forth the object of this war, has been losl urM In?v, flcte.l by the legislative power sight of. and that the emancipation of the ne- i f.8 F"'6- jJt ror crime ; but not even treason, grolies nearer to the hearts of the counsellors "V"0;!1 '".v of all crimes, can set free the of the President, than the preservation of ihe illative or executive power, from the re-glorious heritage bequeathed to us by our ra.nts which the people 8 law has imposed fathers, and we are becoming disgusted with on them or remove one man. or any number the whole atiair, and are anxious to return to . ot ",j'roni lm,,er ts protection, our homes and asiu in putting down disturb- I IJut 1 "ere -icedl that rebels have rsof the public peace there ; men who are Tu! there would still be matter deman-now erecting barriers against our forward lh,,.S the gravest consideration. For the in- 1.111. tWIJl.Al K, III lilt 1. IMJI II 21M II I I I 1- mrrh!.ft,rll,PPnpnurin;.nc atnl m n n 11 To- . turing clogs to retard our progress. Thous tnds of soldiers would leave the ser vice if thev will rosin if thoir r,n,iinnfi i.p J cepted, if the Emancipation Proclamation is ,nf,r,.,l ... i ;ii t nforced, which we understand will be the case. I presume those tendering their resignation will be mustered out in disgrace, but such will be. honor in "comparison with- the reputation those gentlemen will achieve, who. for party ends and purposes, will degrade "the , . t . - r great effort for maintaining our Constitution ft . ,. c I , i and ltws into a disgraceful raid upon private - . .c c . 1 ( property and a scheme for turning millions ot contented and happy beings who have never been taught self dependence, and have never known the gripings of a hungry stomach, upon the North to beg, steal, or starve.. The soldiers are willing to fight rebels but not to emancipate hordes of negroes to impede our firogress, and consume our rations; and if the atter is to be the object of the war, we want a fpeedy peace. . Auditor of State. The gallant Democracy of Logan county will present the name of William Huabard, Esq., as a candidate for nomination, before the next Democratic State Convention. Mr. Hubbard is one of the editors of that widly known ppicy paper, the Logan Gazette. There is no truer man or better Democrat in the State than Bill Hubbard, and none who could better fill the oflice for which his friends desire to present his name Empire. We vote unanimously "aye," for friend Hubbard. Make him Auditor of State, and you would have the right man in the right place." He fills the Jefferson ian standard exactly "honest, capable and faithful lo the Constitution." . The Lojan Gazette is a great paper indeed, it is a "power on earth." Besides its "still beginning, never ending" fund ot humor, it is filled with sound philosophy, solid good sense, and pure, unadulterated Democracy, "as the sequel will truly ehow." Property in Slaves. Lincoln in his late Message, distinctly recognizes Slaves as property. He 6ay8 : The liberation of the slaves i the . destruction of property acquired by descent and by purchase the same as any other property. It is no less true for havirg been often said that the peo-p!e of the South are no more responsible for the introduction of this property than are the people of the North and when it is remember ed how unhesitatingly we all have used cotton and sugar, and share the profits of dealing in them, it may not he quite safe to fcay that the South has been more responsible than the North for its continuence." Shot by Negroes. Orderly Little, of Capt. Leaper'fl company, at Gallipolis, O., while endeavoring to 6top a disturbance between some soldiers and color-, cd men, on Monday last, received severe injuries. A revolver being pointed at him by a negro, he wrenched the pistol from him, threw him down anil was beating him over the head, when three or four other colored men shot at him, one ball taking effect in his back, near the right shoulder. It being circulated that Little was killed, the tohliers assembled. cleaned out all the liquor shops in the part of the town where the disturbance occurred and arrested four negroes who are now in jail, though the crowd felt much like hanging thm. Silver in Canada. The following from the Chatham Planet of the 2d, has a funny jingle to cars this Hide of the Lake. " There ia such a glut of silver coin in Canada that the Banks will not receive it-except at 1-J per cent, discount. It is not a legal tender beyond $10. Postmas- ters arc instructed, by a recent order, not to take 6ilvcr coin for money orders except at Bank rates." Judge Curtis on Executive Power. In looking over a new impression of Judge Curtis's pamphlet upon Executive Power, we observe a passage of great importance, as ifc seems to us, which was not contained in the earlier additions. We quote it, therelore, from pages 27 and 28, as follows : These conclusions concerning the powers of me rresnient, cannot be shaken by the assertion that " rebels have no rights." The I tion itself is not true, in reference either to the seceding States or their people. It is not true of those States, for the government of the United States, has never admitted and cannot admit that, as States, they are in rebellion. A State is simply incapable of doing any valid act, in conflict with the Constitution or laws of the United Statrs ; and the Constitution is as much the supreme law of the land in Tennessee to-day, as it was before the. void act of secession was attempted by a part of its people. Else the act was effectual, and the State is independent of the Government of the United States, and the war is a war of conquest and subjugation. Nor is the assertion, that "rebels have no rights," applicable to the people of those States. It is strange that any one having even that acquaintance with public law, which Cha-thams indignant protest has made familiar to Americans, could have failed to feel it to be untrue. When many millions of people are involved in a civil war, humanity, and that public law, which in modern times is humane, forbri their treatment as outlaws. And if pub c ml the Constitution and laws of the Umt,eJ btates a,rc now their ful,f f, ,hlty ,t0 wa.r;l8 f ' 0,1 h.'t ount? sh.a11 "cdenv, that Pll,,.,lc ,flv V1 the Constitution, an, the laws r , ' . . , w' lul. . j,? l.,m ,at 18 a-' wiru? iiieiii i ine oniv iusi mea 01 a law is. rule of action which governs all "it hin its scope. None are so degra- oriine, as to be too low for its protection ; none so elevated by position of . .i i i i WHICH I llflve JIlYllCO IS nOl WliaiarC their rights, but what are ovr rights Whatever may be thought of the wisdom of the proclamation of the President, concerning ll emancipation of slaves, no one can doubt " 1 , " , 1 " 8 To set free about four millions of slaves, at an early fixed dav, with absolutely no preparation for their future, and with no preparation for our future, in their relations with us, and . J .i i t.' i i...:... i i . f ...usl ue a, ,.mn (U ? -t yast concern, not only to them nmi to their masters, but to the whole continent , . . tl . .. m . . on which thev must live. 1 here may ie great ,. ... . . , . , diversities of opinion concerning the eftects of , v . . n- . t 6uch an act. But that its effect must be of stupendous importance, extending not only into the border loyal States, but into all the Sta'cs, North as well as South, I suppose no rational man can doubt. How has the President acquired the power to decide the question xrhether this great act shall be done f How have j the people oV the United States, or any part of I them, conferred on htm the rightful power to determine for them this question of such an emancipation, to be made under such circumstances ? If the people who are in rebellion have no rights, the loyal people of Kentucky, of Indiana, Illinois, Ohio, Maryland and Pennsylvania have rights. It is among those rights that the President shall not assume to decide for them a question which they deem of vast practical importance to themselves, and which they have never consented he should decide. It is among the rights of all of us, that the powers of each State to govern its own internal affairs, should not be trespassed on by any department of the federal power; and it is a right essential to the maintenance of our system of government. It is among the rights of all of us. that the executive power should be kept within its prescribed constitutional limits, and should not legislate, by its degrees, upon subjects of transcendent importance to the whole people. - A llelancholy End. Some seven years ago, says the Washington Chronicle, a lovely girl, sixteen years of age, resided in an adjoining State, an ornament to the circle in which -she moved, and the fond idol of aged and doting parents. In an evil hour the 6educer came, and changed the scene to bitterness and despair. The confiding vic tim left her home and accompanied the villain to this city, where she has generally borne his name. A little time, the profress" ion of love and devotion he at first so freely lavished, grew less frequent, and ardent, until he finally abandoned her altogether. Pre" vious to this the victim of this vallain's lust was domiciled in a house of low repute on Tenth street, between C and D, where she resided for some time. Utter destitution and remorse of mind preyed upon her delicate or ganization until she sought oblivion m that enemy which "steals away the brains" and sink such souls to irretrievable degredation. While standing near a window on the third story of the house to which we luve referred, in a state of intoxication, she lost her belance and preiptated to the pavement below. From that time forth she never spoke, and death shortly after relieved her f ufferings. We do not envy the guilty cause of thie girl's untimely death. From the Indianapolis Bentinel. Lincoln's Maxims. Mr. Lincoln in ii is Message Fuggeets many profound maxims in personal and political economy. We copy a few for their great novelty and deep erudition : It is not so easy to pay something as it is to pay nothing. It is easier to pay a large sum than it is to pay a larger. It is easier to pay any sum when we are able than it is to pay it before we are able. People of any color seldom run unless there is something to run from. We presume Mr. Lincoln designed these wise says as apples of gold, to by set in frames of silver, or just now in ehinplastcr currency. Democracy a Moral Devel. An Abolition divine addressing the contra bands at Washington on Thanksgiving day said, "the Democratic party is a moral devil." Ifitis.it is still more respectable than the Abolition party which is (.on immoral Devil. Only Ohey the Laws as far as Convenient.The President of the United States has written a letter to General Grant, Governor John-eon and others exercising authority in Tennessee in which he commends to their consideration one Thomas It. Smith who goes to that State for the purpose of inducing it to select members of Congress. Lincoln says : " I shall be glad for you, and each of you, to aid him, and all others acting for this object, as much as possible. In all available ways give the people a chance to express their wishes at these elections. Follow law and forms of law as far as convenient, but at all events get the expression of the largest number of the people possible. All see how much such action will connect with and aftar the proclamation of September 22d. Of course the men selected should be gentlemen of character, willing to swear to support the Constitution as of old, and known to be above reasonable suspicion of duplicity. " Yours, very respectfullly, Signed " A. -LINCOLN." Mark the expression, "Follow law and forms of law as far as convenient." In the estimation of the President, whenever law is inconverrent it should not be foPowed. What a beautiful doctrine to be preached by a man whose duly it is to execute the laws! Certainly the President must be crazy, or he would not advise his officers to obey the laws only when it was convenient" to them. A nice man the President is to compel others to obey laws, when he only regards them when they are convenient. Cincinnati Enquirer.The Hero of the Monitor on Duty. Commander Worden, whose services on the Monitor have been so highly appreciated by his country, will sail from New York this week in a better ship than even the Merrimac's antagonist. . 11 is eyes are well enough for duty, and his spirits excellent. By the law of rank alone he is a commander, no special promotion having been conferred on him. His new craft, the Ericsson battery Montauk, now at the Delamtter Iron Works, is nearly finished, and will be ready to fight in a fevv days. Her new gun and turret aparatus is receiving the final touches, the officers appointed by the Navy Department have nearly all reported to Admiral Paulding, and the guns are already on board. She i even more carefully com pleted than the Passaic. The Weehawkcn, too, is hurrying up at .Jersey City, and will be finished soon after the departure of the Montauk. Large Hotel. The Lindell House, just completed in St. Louis, is said to be the- largest hotel in the world ; but of this we can not vouch. It is equivalent to eight stories high contains 515 rooms, 21 parlors, 27 acres of plastering, 7 L acres of flooring, 32 miles of bell-wire. 0J miles of base-board, 12 miles of gas, steam and water pipe, 1 J miles, or 1,980 yards of hall, 810 windows, and 14,000 feet of painted imitation of cornice. The quantity of brick ued in the builing is 8,000,000. In the basement there is a railroad running the entire length, for the transportation of heavy articles, above are two steam elevators tor lilting fuel and baggage frorn the ground to the floors above. The billiard room is 63 feet by 45, and the ladie's ordinary 93 45. General Sigel ard Pope. General Sigel in addition to the Court of Inquiry, which he demands on account of the publication by General Halleck of General Tope's letter, will at once prefer charges against Gen. Pope, which will bring that officer before a Court Martial. It is understood that General Pope will have to meet the charges of conduct unbecoming an officer and a gentleman, and of total incompetence as a commander. In connection with the latter charge the whole history of his disastrous campaign in Virginia will be gone into, while under the specifications of the former he will be called on to answer for his abusive language towards Gen. Sigel, which is not fit to be printed. The Speculators Well Salted. The Cleveland Herald says the speculators in salt have come to grief. Fine salt that went up to nearly $4, has "keeled over" under the influence of supplies from Saginaw, and fine salt from the Saginaw works is now offered in that city at $2. Thy public will not weep "briny tears" at this breaking down ot the salt monopoly. There She Had Him. A gentleman, one evening, was seated near a lovely woman, when . he company around were proposing conundrums to each other. Turning to his companion, he said: "Why is a lady unlike a mirror?" She "gave it up." " Because" said the rude fellow, "a mirror reflects without speaking a lady speaks without reflecting." " Very good," said she. "Now answer me." " Why is a man uulikea mirror?" "I cannot tell you." "Because the minor is polished, and the man is not." Interesting to Farmers. Farmers will be interesed in knowing that they are liable to pay a tax of 30 cents per head for all the beef cattle they slaughter for Bale; and a tax of 5 cents a head on sheep and 10 cents a head on hogs they slaughter for 6ale, provided the number of hogs or heep exceeds 20 head in each case. There is much misunderstanding on this point among farmers.Hickman's Bill to Arm the Negroes. We trust our readers noticed the bill which was introduced into the House of Kepresenta-tives on Tuesday by Hickman, of Pennsylvania, one of the Abolition leaders in that body. It was a scheme to arm the negroes for the murder of the white women and children in the South. Language is inadequate to express the detestation which every genuine and true harted man feels for this abomination. Ifcar-ried out, it will bring such foul dishonor upon the American flag, name and character, that - it can never be obliterated by after ages. It is a bill that will array against us. the sympathies of the whole civilized world. Cin.En-quirtr. Dr. Edson B. Olds. The following letter from Dr. Olds to Major Turner, United States Judge Advocate, has just been given to the public. The Doctor is still in Fort Lafayette. This letter ia manly and dignified, and will commend itself to every reader. Cell No. 2, Fort Lafayette") November 19, 1802. To .Major L. C. Turner. Sir I am this morning in receipt of a letter from Mr. Sargeant, informing me that if I will take the oath, you will see to it that I am released. I must confess that this letter puts an end to all expectations of being released, if I rightfully understand what is meant by "taking the oath." If it is simply an onth to support the Constitution of the United States, or Constitution of the State ot Ohio, it would be altogether a work of supererogation, as I have already, many a time, taken such an oath, and consider it as binding upon me to-day as it was the hour it was administered. But if, as I suppose, it is an oath to support the Constitution and the Administration, I. cannot, conscientiously, take such an oath, as I fully believe the one to be incompatible with the other. All the most sacred safeguards of the Constitution have been violated in my arrest and imprisonment. If, then my arrest and imprisonment have been by order of the Administration how can I support the one without violating the other. If the Administration has any charges to make against me, let it make them at once and put me on trial : I am ready to meet and refute them. Justice, and not mercy, is all 1 ask or expect of this Administration. If it has no charges to make, what right has it to impose upon me any oath that is not imposed upon all other loyal citizens? Because 1 am in prison and consequently in the power of the Administration, does that give any right to impose degrading conditions upon me? You mav as well sav that the highwav-man, who with his revolver at your head demands " your life or vour money," has the right because he has the power to take them. I cannot and will not do any act that even by implication can be construed into an "ad-ui 8Hon, on my part, that I am rightfully charged with any offense. Either put me on trial, for any and all alleged offenses, or give me an honorable discharge." I am entitled, as an American citizen, to demand this. My honor as a man. and a citizen forbids my acceptance of any thing less. The Administration may persecute me even unto death. 1 am in its power, but it cannot take from me mv honor or self respect. I am, sir, very respectfully yours, etc., Edsox B. Olds. The President's Proclamation. In an article on the Emancipation Proclamation of the President, the Louisville Jowr-nal of Saturday last says: "The policy announced in the Proclamation not merely violates the Constitution, but i assumes a principle which abolishes the Consti tution altogether, nrurpubst it ut es therefor the uncontrolled will of tlie President. President Lincoln, as we feel assured, could not have been conscious of this fact when he consented to issue the proclamation, but the fact is nevertheless true. We several days ago, demonstrated that the proclamation is not legitimately an act of military necessity. We .need not now repeat this demonstration. No man both sane and intelligent will gainsay the conclusion. If, however, the proclamation is not legitimately an act of military necessity, it must depend, for justification, on the broad principle that the President has a right to do whatever in his discretion may best preserve the nation, regardless of the Constitution and the laws. And this is, in fact, the principle on which the radicals seek to justify to proclamation. Yet what is this principle but the principle of a dictatorship? Nothing less. It is the principle of a dictatorship of the most absolute description It clothes the President with an authority more absolute than that of Cincinnatus. It clothes him with an authority as abso'ue as that of'Cajsar or of rfylla.-In plain terms, it makes his uncontrolled will the supreme law of the land. There is no possible escape from this conclusion." One of Them Re-appears. The Lancaster (Penn.) Intelligencer has brought to the public g ze a noted Abolition philanthropist, who in his time created some sensation an account o'his efforts for the "poor slave," but, who latterly has been lost sight of. It would seem that he has been quietly of borrowing among the colored brethren and sisters for his own private benefit. The Inteli-gccc.r says that by his palpitating love for the slave, "he managed i-oine three years ago, to gain the confidence of an aged colored woman, owner of some property in West Philadelphia, lie drew a will in his own hand-writing, and persuaded the woman to sign it in the absence of her husband and friends. rhe will set forth that a certain amount should go to her husband, and the balance, the major part of her estate, to Passmore Williamson's wife, who had seen the old woman only twice. The ne gro. woman died recently, and her husband contested the will. The jury, before whom the case was tried about three weeks ago, declared the will null and void, it being executed to suit the dishonest purposes of Williamson instead of the proper heirs. So muc? tor ne-uro philanthropy and Passmore William- sox. Horrible Outrage by a Negro The Negro Lynched. An unfortunate and distressing affair occurred in Andrew County, near Hackberry Ridge, Thursday evening. As a little girl, about eleven years old, and her brother were returning from school, some wretch violated the person of rhe little girl, and then mashed her skull; and alto attempted to kill her brother. They were both found in the brudi the little girl dead, and but little life in the boy. It is now hoped the boy may come to sufficiently to explain who was the vile perpetrator of the minder and violence. A negro belonging to Mr. Gee, of Andrew, has been arrested, and citizens of the county meet to-day to investigate the affair. There is intense excitement. Later. The negro man in Andrew, who murdered Misp Osborn, confessed to the crime and was hung by the citizens at the place where he committed the crime. Si. Joseph (Mo.) Journal, December 5. -m The McNeil Massacre. One of the features of the McNeil murder in Missouri is so cruel that it deserves especial remembrance. It is related as follows : "One of the victims selected by McNeil was a man who had a wife and jeveral children, dependent altogether upon his daily labor for their support. A young man, knowing the condition of the family, offered himself to McNeil as a substitute for the- husband and father, was accepted, and was one. of the ten who were, shot." A Bold and Indignant Letter from a New York JTudge to the President The Infamous Arrests. Froih the New York Herald. ARRESTS BY THE WAR DEPARTMENT- LETTER FROM JUDGE GOULD, OF NEW YORK. To the Editor of the Herald: The letter following sufficiently explains itself. It was sent to the President two days after its date, by a friend of his, who afforded the first opportunity that could be relied on to insure the delivery to the President in person, and it was so delivered. It was read, and a veibal reply that the case would be investigated was given. But no pretence was made that the cause for the arrest was not correctly stated in my letter. Though the claim to "investigate" by means of an arbitrary arrest, personal duress, and whatever secret appliance a Cabinet inquisition might see fit to resort to, was reasserting the right so to arrest for such causes, and thus was a claim as utterly at variance with all law, as would have been the similar arrest of a man who (in New York) had picked the Secretary's pocket; still steps were taken to present the case again to the President and the Secretary, through their personal and-political friends, (and they in high position,) in the hope of obtaining redress without publicity. But as up to this time (after nearly three weeks) nothing has resulted, except an infamously rigorous imprisonment of Mr. Tracy, forbearance has reached its limit. It is highly important that the people should thus and now have a specific statement showing the enormity of actual oppression exercized in this case, as a warning to them and to the Administration. Yours, &c, GEORGE GOULD. Troy, N. Y., December 4, 1862. JUDGE COULD TO MR. LINCOLN. New Yojuc, December 4, 1862. To his Excellency, Abraham Liucoln, President of the United States: Sir On my arrival in this city from my residence in Troy. New York, 1 find that a cousin of mine, .0. Colden Tracy, a broker of this city, has been, first, arrested and sent to Foit Lafayette- and secondly, to-day taken as a prisoner to Washington. The newspapers say and so far as I can learn by all inquiries of authorities I can hear nothing different that the cause of the arrest is some dealings he has had in contractor's drafts on Government officers for moneys; and, it is said, some-frauds were committed m or by the drafts, and he is charged with complicity therewith. If this be so, it is a crime cognizable by the Courts, and onlv by the Courts. And I am am zed at the fatuity of public officers who can take no warning from the distinctly uttered v oice of a free people. I am. and always haVe been, an unwaver-ing enemy of this rebellion (cursed in its origin, most accursed in its progress) and a supporter of the Administration. Iam a Judge of the highest Court of this State. And if no honest voice has yet reached the ears of our Government, I wish to say, and to be heard in saying, that Star Chamber process and Secretary's warrants are dangerous instruments to play with, and. that, among n?, thetrue. stanch supporters of the Government, who would crush tre ison.with the iron heel, but who, knowing the law, are compelled to hang our heads in silence at the mention of cases which have occurred in our midst. Spies are hardly cautioned when they are where they can do no infinite harm; but a powrful hand and an oppressive one is laid on a person here, who is not in a position for doling mischief, if he would, and who is supposed to have no friends. In this respect, I thank God, there has been a mistake. It is true that he is a voting man, of not much means or influence; it is also true that he "has a young wife (married not long since); and for no assigned cause, and for no assignable cause, that those in power dare to give breath to, he is taken away from home, without giving to hi.1 wife an instant's interview or a chance to see him. Is this country the France of a century ago? I he voung man is the grandson of that Uriah Tracv who lived and died a Senator ot the United States from Connecticut, who was the first man buried in the Congressional burving rrrmmd of V i s V l n frt An nnrl U'br'5f nuliPQ nro insulted by this atrocious invasion of the lib erties of the people in the person ofhis decend-ant.I am not speaking merely my own opinion of such arrests. I know the opinions and the feelings of many of my brethren of the Bench. And if the Government is really desirous of so proceeding as to make it our duty to make public our opinions, they will be heard, not merely in the writ of habeas corpus, but in open declaration to the world. Had I been a few hours earlier made aware of this case, I should not have troubled you with a word; but I would have spen that the process of the Supreme Court in this State was so executed as to protect its citizens accused of such offences from anv arrest, other that none under the appropriate process of the Courts. I beg again to assure you in all sincerity, that this kind of proceeding has gone too far already, and that, while to the last of our men and our means we are ready and determined to sustain the law, and the Government in enforcing the law over the whole land as one country, we are also determined to be judged by the law, and not by any Secretary or any one who is not commissioned for that purpose. We know anil acknowledge the rules of war, where the necessity of the case requires the existence oi martial law. But we know also, the common law of liberty, and the broad, great charter ot the Constitution. 1 write warmly, zealously, because I can not bear to think of our cherished Government's taking any course to injure itself; at a. time, too, when our only hope of escaping the eternal disgrace and humiliation of letting ttie cause of human liberty perieh in our hands to sustain this Government of this Union, and to have it. a Government worth suotaining. With great respect, yours, &c, GEORGE GOULD. Mexico wants our Soldiers. A correspondent is informed that no lees than eight emmissaries of the Mexican Government are now operating in the army of the Potomac with inducements to young and enterprising lieutenants and captains for joining the service of Mexico against France. They are full of Spanish gold, and propose to pay expenses to Mexico to those who will resign from our service and join them, and give them positions as field officers in their cavalry. Silver Coin in Canada. The Montreal Gazette mentions that upwards of $50,000 in United States silver coin were imported lately by the American Express Company. During the past two months daily receipt has been $30,000 worth a day. At first the silver was easily worked off into the country in grain purchases, but now the farmers are returning it, and the market has become 60 glutted that the brokers are. buving I it at 2 to 2$ per wat. diswuct, The McDowell Court Martial Investiga tion at . Washington Testimony of General McClellan He Exhonoratea General McDowell The Disasters before Richmond Traced to the poor of President Lincoln Himself His Letter to General McDowell. From a Washington Dispatch. THE M'DOWELL TRIAL H'CLELLAN's TESTIMONY; McClellan was further examined before the McDowell Court to-day. His testimony on several pbints, is. highly interesting, settling the fact that the President, a d not McDowell, was responsible for the division of McDowell's corps from the army on the Peninsala, and that McDowell acted under orders from Washington throughout. McClellan refused to give his reasons for believing that, if einforced by McDowell, he could have taken Richmond. lie was notified that he must answer, and the Court then adjourned till to-morrow. The following is a synopsis of McCIellan's testimony : The substance of the communication to the witness by Gen. Franklin frorn the President was, that the President assumed the responsibility of the change of the- destinction of McDowell's corps, regarding that corps as necessary to the defense of Washington, although the troops actually left in Washington and in front, disposable for its defense, were rather more than double tlie garrison fixed by engineer and artilery officers, and considerable more than the largest number recommended by any of the corps commanders to be left in the vicinity of Washington, The witness does not now recall any communications made to the President by them in relation to this disposition of McDowell's corps. He remembered receiving a dispatch from General Franklin, that McDowell had nothing to do with the separation of his corps from the Army of the Potomac. A copy of the New York Hera Id, containing the speech made at Tarrvtown, October 31, by Hon. J. B. Haskin, alleging that McClellanJ had stated that he had been unfortunate in attempting to take Richmond, because of ihe failure of McDowell to reinforce him as expected and promised, was submitted to the witness at this point of the examination. lThe witness paid the incident related in the speech was certainly new to him, and he was verv sure he never made the remark attributed to him. In connection he stated that he had no doubt said, for it had ever been his opinion, that the Army of the Potomac would taken Richmond had not the corps of McDowell been separated from it. It was also his opinion that had the command of McDowell joined the Armv of the Potomac in Mav, bv wav of Hanover Court-house, from Fredericksburg, we should have had. Richmond in a week after the junction. , The witness did not hbhl General McDowell responsible in his own mind for the failure to join him on either occasion. The witness thinks that General Franklin, on joining him on the Peninsula, brought a verbal message from McDowell, expressing his wish to aid him by a demonstration on Fredericksburg. McDowell here introduced a number of communications between himself and the President. Secretary Stanton and McClellan, show ing that he (McD.) acted under orders in not moving to support McClellan. Among them was a telegram dated May 25. from President Lincoln to McDowell, instructing him to lay aside the movement on Richmond, to co-oper ate with Fremont in the destruction of Ewell and Jackson; a telegram of the same date, from McDowell to the President, saying that his order had been obeved, but that it was a crushing blow to him; a telegram of the same date, from the President to McDowell, expressing himself highly gratified with the alacrity with which he had obeyed the order, and saying it was as painful to him as to McDowell; a telegram of the same date from McDowell to the President, saying that his order would be carried out with all energy, but pointing out the impossibility of effecting the purpose proposed, as he could effect nothing in the direction in which he was being sent, would lose much, and that by the movement all our armies would be paralyzed from Richmond to the Shenandoah. Examination of McC. was resuinid, and he questioned as to his knowledge of the habits of McDowell in the use of intoxicating liquors. The witness said he had known McDowell for nearly twenty years, and had known him as abstaining entirely from the use of wine, or any spirituous liquors, and even tea and coffee; that was his reputation among all who knew him. The witness could imagine nothing more absurd than the charge. McDowell stated here that he was through with the witness Secretary Chase and the Senatorship. Secretary Ciiase i tired of managing the Finances of the Government, and seeks a re election to the senate from Ohio, Already his friends are begining to move in the matter. When Chase wants place lie alwavs com mences operations by declaring he don't want it! Between Wade and Chase, probahly, I . 1 . 1 . ! rt 11 T . . i there is out, nine oiuerence. v aue is a ranting blackguard, while Mr. Chase is a dangerous, smooth-lounged, double-faced trickster Old Bev spits out. his venom, but Chase smiles while playing the villian. We hope that the Legislature of Ohio will elect neither of these Abolitionists to the Senate, but will selectsome man who will not .et up the Nigger as the al tar at which he worships. CnASE has good reasons to wish to retire from the Treasury Department. The debt of the United States. since his instalment as Secretary, has accumu lated to the enormous sum of one thousand and fifty. mill oris, and the management of the De-parment has been so conducted as to give great dissatisfaction to Capitalists as well as to the great mass of the people: lif. Advs Newspapers in the United States. It appears from the census reports of 18G0, that the annual circulation of newspapers and periodicals in the United States is no less than 927,00 Wl-io, oi at the rate or o-4,ao ior ever1 whitp man. woman and child of our popula- - - i tion. The annual value of all the printing done in the United States, for that year, is etntpd nt. a fraction not less than thirtv-nine and three quarters millions of dollars. These numbers are sufficiently astounding; but the rate of increase since 1850 is, if possible, even n-mrp ro. In that vear the whole circulation amounted to 420.407,978 copies; and the rate nf increase for the decade is 118.92 per cent. If the circulation should continue to crow in the same proportion for the next ten years, the number ot newspapers ana periodicals issued in 1870 will be a little over two billions. Jt-As an evidence of the blundering way business is conducted in the War Department at Washington, the New York World states that in the first published batch of names-eighty in all of the one thousand officers who have'been dismis ed from the army on ac count of desertion, cowardice, drunkenness an I general efficiency, aro several dead men, who were killed in battle, while a number of others had already beerv honorably discharge! oa account GEEED OFJEFPEESON. Inaugural Address, march 4, 180L It is proper you should understand what I deem the essential principles of bur Government, and consequently those which ought to shape! its administration. I will compress them withir the narrowest compass tluy will bear stating the general principle, but faot all its limitations: Equa! and exact Justice to .ell men of whatever State or persuasion, religious or po litical. "Peace, commerce and honest friendship with all nations; entangling alliances with none. . " The support of the State Governments ifi all tneir rights as the most ini porta ht administrations for our domestic concerns, and the the surest, bulwarks against allanti-republican t ndencies. . , . , ' " The. preservation of the General Government in its whole constitutional vigor, as the sheet anchor of bur peace at horrie and eafetr abroad. " A jealous care of the right of election by the people, a mild and safe correction of abuses which are lb'pped off by the sword ot revolution where peaceable remeilies are unpro vided. . 44 Absolute acquiescence in the decisions of the majority, the vital principle Of republics, from which there isi no appeal but to force; the vital principle and imiiiediate . parent of despotism. " A well disciplined militia our bept rell-, ance in peace, and, for the first moments of war, till regulars may relieve them. 44 The supremacy ff the civil over military authority. , , - "Economy in the puttie 'expenses', that labor may be lightly burdened. . 44 The honest payment of bur debts and sacred preservation of public faith; . 44 Encouragement of agriculture, and of com merce as its handmaid. 44 The diffusion of information; nnd th . raignfnent of all abuses at the bar of public' reason. ... . .. .. " Freedom of religion, freedom of the press, and freedom of person, under the protection of the habeas corpus, and trial by juries impartially selected." . CLIPPINGS. XS"- Vallandighammers arc good hammers to crack Black Walnuts with. jpgy- John W. Keyes, the victim of Black Republican malice, borne down by his persecutions, is n otf a mahiiic in the Asylum at Columbus. s2r" Niggers for religion; paseboardi for', money; the Chicago Platform for a guide; and Abe Lincoln for President, in the blessed vear of 18621 : Whc won't remember it? Jg The Portland (Me.) Argus hears strange stories of speculations of rebel property by ar- my officers tiom isew n.rtgiano, -who, it is al leged, hrtve "confiscated" without authority; and illegally appropriated it to their own use. Some of the articles thui Etbleh have been' sent hoftic. IKS "A; very gallant and skillful officer in the army, from Oliio, was asked, the other day why ne had not received the promotion which' was long since his due. He replied: "Be cause I, have had no opportunity yet to maka an abolition speech." T The Washington correspondent of the New York tfWWsays: ' "The VhronicU, or the anmiuistration organ her?, is supported by public money, and Fornev is in daily consul tation with nearly all the members of the cab inet. Mr. Lincoln' and Secretary Stanton es-' pecially." Eg The.Utica Telegraph says it knows that no less than three hundred and sixty-five offi cers of the army of the Potomac have sent in their resignations since the removal of Gen.' McClellan. JCtSr The Steubenville Uniox srvb that one-man walked forty miles to claim .ex, caption from the draft on the eround of inability to.. endure long marches and the hardships of camp life. A Graphic : Portrait of tno Infamcus General Butler Ho is a Pisgraoe ttf the Service. The New York World in cti article upon General Builes thus takes his portrait. It' Bays : 44 He has disgraced the army, for the p.rray is honent: he has disgraced his Government, for his Government is vet treat enough to be just; he has disgraced his' country, for his name Dares tne scorn oi loreign enemies ana justifies the severity of foreign friends; he has dishonored the Chief Magistrate, by pre-' scribing him to Ministers of the Gospel as the subject of 'their compulsory prayers ; he has dishonored the North, by- incarnating every mean and sordid characteristic which, falsely, Southern passion has ascribed to Northern phlegm, by surrounding himself with men whose ill-gotten gains, making dishonesty $nd loyalty profitable, cause disloyal honesty to seem respectable by comparison; he has die" graced his 6ex, for not even women have been exempt his cruelty, bat like men, has been made to suffer as traitors for the self respect of their intercourse wdth him as women; if it is possible he has disgraced himself, for the most subservient tool of Southern men and ob-' sequious lauder of Southern ir stitutions has become their most assiduous enemv, seeking; a place for the heel of power where once he looked only to lick the spittle of servility. 44 General Butler's whole career is kiibwh to" very many lowal men at the North, who' blush in silence and shame at the imbecility which tolerates him for an instant in power. . ; The Administration presses will act wisely not to praise him. They should be thankful if their own silence secures. his immunity froin public odium. Neither they nor Mr. Iin coin can Becure him against the infamy ofhis-' tory." ' Secretary Stanton Becometh Violent.' Mr. Davis, connected in some waj with the' Philadelphia Inquirer, called on Secretary Stanton a few days ago for permission to publish a synopsis of the Surgeon General's xorth-coming report on hospitals. He didn't get the permission he solicited, and narrowly es caped going' to the Old Capitbl Prison. The Secretary demanded his name, threatened him1 with imprisonment, and declared that as soon as he could get time he would imprison another attache of the eatne jcurcal. ir. Davitf save : 4I neither by TOrd bi action gavfe M.r. Stanton any cause for this ttngentlemanly cv-duct. The report I sought to publish. referred-exclusively to eick arid woundedisoldwiftf asd hospital management. Mr.Stiiii'foVr watf easjete