Mt. Vernon Democratic banner (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1853), 1863-09-05

              VOLUME MOTOT VERNON, OHIO : , SEPTEMBER 5, 1863. NUMBER 21. ltt. gtmotntlit jBsniuf rVSUSBKD SVBBT SATURDAY VORXXXO T L.HAEPEB. fflch In WoodwarU Block, &4 Stor y. TEllMS. T wo Dollar per Annum, payable in ad- ranee; o wttnia six montns; 3.09 aTUsr the eipi Vion of the year. A CAMPAIGN SONG. (Tabs long at th Democratic Meeting to held in '. Mt. Vernon September 23d, 1865. W are coming, Father Johnny Brough, Two hundred thousand strong: We are coming to defend the right 'Gainst tyranny and wron;; : - The Constitution and the laws, We ever shall maintain: - Ani wo swear, M Fher Jobnny Brongh, O'er us you shall not reign. - We are coming. Father Johnny Brough, ' Two hundred thousand more, To hold our public meetings, As weoft have done before ; ' We fear not Number Thirty-eight, Its author we didain, . . 7": And we swear, old Father Johnny Brough, - O'er us you shall not reign, - We are coming;, fiithcr Johnny Brough, From hill-top and from rlen From work-shop and from fireside-All Democratic men ; : . Free speenh, free prc?. free hallot-box, .: We ever shall maintain ; But depend upon it, Johnny Brough, Ojer us you ne'er shall reign. We arc coming, Father Johnny Brongh, E.tch man among us white, The Constitution a it is Was always our dcliht ; The men we want to rule our State .." . Are bnet jfod aud true, . And if yon witht' know their naincs. It is VallanJigharu and Pugh. IIiberxicvs. "S'o negroes in this crowd. A Brother of Carles Anderson Out for Vallandigham. W. M. 'Anderson, a brother of the cnndi.late for Lieutenant-Governor upon the Union tick et, has written i letter to the editor o( the Cir-clevilJf Jh?itocrnt, clcfinirty his o-ution tijcn the jolitical queptipns of the d;iy. llr. Anderson two years go fuj uorted J)avid Tod for Governor, lnt now is n Wiinii ndybcatc of the election ofCIinnt L. Vaihuidigham. ; Jn Fje.akirij; of his position in regard to the present war, he snye: '-'For.r from tny house ftmd home have go'vy I wirre Mood mid cTiifjvol.iit.-:he rrii.! in oriini-ou, sotsnd-ing wTfii d. it'i j.'pnfif One o! them I -shall never re mow. . lit .-Ift-j-s the long f!'j) at VKUIllr.'. A.i'l ytt.-l am a Copprht:i4l.' I an 'a Bi:teriiiu,' Iani':ih!aitk''.T:f-firt(d:rr.u-or.'-nii'l Khhi t lie'riri'i to Kirt W.-irn-ti'"- Agnin : in rt ply to ' an'-inquiry" whether he vould votf lor Mv V::M:n-ili;ilrim. he said : "That ifCletiifn: L. V'.ill.-in.Jifi.-im inv xlirct foe. iit'' h;i- yn-onvnt wns iuv iirt"''t friei.d. l -UouM '-tf f.i'r i':n". ei iu-i- 1 prefer he yrim-ijile of !. -r: o iif ridti ot lilood." Liberty of the Ballot Illustrated.-The foliowin'r di-Jft ille :j vernation is reported In th Lo'ii-iviile t"niotrat' as havitij-taken pla :e in one of t h to-vti-hips during the late Kentucky fl.-t ii : Voter I want to vote. Jndge Are you a loyal uinn ? V. I am. J. In favor of suppressing the rehellioivhy a vigoroin orosecution of the war ? V. Iam. J. Are veil in favor of strpportms the Fed eral Administration and the enforcement ot its - laws ? . " , - " . - V. No, sir; I am opmsed to the policy of the present Administration. J. Vre voi willing to take this oath ? (hamlinsr him Colonel Fosters oath.) -..-V. Yes sir; I will take that oath. J. Are you .wilting Jo take an oath in adli-tion, to support the present Administration ant the enforcement of its law. f V. No, sir ; I will jiot take such an oath. J. Then, sir, yon can not vote here. V. I will take any oath prescribed hy the Constitution or laws of Kentucky. -1 only went to cast one vote, and that for Col. Mc-Ilenry.J. You can't vote here, sir ; and 60 help . me God, no man shall vote here to-day without he is willing to swear that he will support the present Administration. Second V. Judge, will you pljase to in form its. str, where you eet vour authority to require such an oath as that to be ad in in is tered ? J.- That's my business, sir, and if you do not leave here I will fine vou. More votert I The Kentucky Villiany Repudiated. The Albany (N. Y .) SluLsman, a violent and radical Republican organ, in an article upon the late election fraud id Kentucky, eays: A oolzhx v arn'I.vo. An impression is beginning to obtain a itha gooJ many thought- 'ul and orderly people that thern is a deposi tion on ilie part of. the Government to interfere tcilA the freedom, of the elecvont. , ' "Men who hold to the theory that 'to the Victor belongs the spoils of the vanquished,' OT to the still more vulgar dogma that 'Governments ar instituted among men for the benefit of those who may get hold of them, are of jost low instincts and breeding enough to suppose that they are the legitimate judges for the time being wh are and who are not loyal -or 'sound' men in the laithful States,- and where they are entitled to the support of Fed-eral bayonet in our free elections. Such men . : htnk because a Cabinet Secretary 'can ring ' this hell and order the iuiprisoument of any eltiien of the loyal States, he ebbuld do so If flsbwld bp deemed necessary it any election Qay thoss who deem themselves Onion men jgjar excejlence--.no matter if they are the big-"ijgsst thieves who have hid the run of the De-rpartsstsj usdsr Lincoln or Buchanan "Now, it lis the province of the independent res of the country te admonUK the :Adtninis-' ' " Oration thai U can itot be too " careful in interfering " . sr evtA in, teeming to inUrfer icUh Ine freedom' of 'aur election u toeU ai imtk ike 'freedom of speech Ad fif $Ae pre. The dtBinissil of tnea flrks ' laeutanaht fidgerlr, for Instead) for Toting or , distributing obnoxious tickets most not be re-1 peatcd : and anv unnecessary interposition of miU- Jany force in our popular elections wilt be resented 5 i- '. ' ; ' : - Donsestle Ceonoair . -..-250 bousskeepet1 or ek ii'lqlly "prepared to , fBter successfuIJjV.Brn.''ir; ealinary .ifqties vwitlKMrt having-the Chemical eWsratas . on j tana. It rel'ieres the mind of tnoeh W tbs' Sfcars ssd Misi;iiiiet4 iby : skiilfhi 1 olrv Jorals,bj w4ierdtants and gro- - - - - --::: -- - .. - From the Cbwiaatl Eaqnlrer. DISTORT OF TDB CR1TTEXDES COJI- PB01IISE. jOonld the Present OiYil War Haye been Avoided faying Derlr for the Whistle. Abolition SENATOR DOUGLAS' DECLARATION. Jeff. Davis Jt Co Offered to Take the Crittenden Compromise. THE ABOLITION SENATORS REFUSE. Senator Uliandler Infamous Letter Against any Compromise. The Crittenden Compromise in Fall. ; -. - AVe know of no "great Revolntioa which mixht not hare been prevented by compromiee early and era- ciously marie. Firmness is a great virtue in public affairs, bit it has its proper sphere. Conspiracy and Insurrections, in whicb-small minorities are engaged, the optbreakings are popular violence unconnected with with any extensive project or any durable principle, are best repressed by vigor and decision. To tfhrink from them is to make them formidable. But But no wie ruler will coufound the pre trading taint with the slight local irritation. Xo wise ruler will treat the deeply-seated discontents of a great party as he treats the conduct of a " mob which destroys miUs and power-looms. The neglect f this distinction has been fatal even to Governments strong in the power of the sword. In ail movements of the human mind whicb tend to great Revolutions, there U a crisis at which moderate concessions may amend, conciliate and preserve. llacaulay. No tnier words were ever uttered by any ustorian ; and had we had a wise ruler instead of the present. weak-minded Chief Magistrate, we should not now have to lament the deplo rable condition to which the country 19 reduced bv the want of those timely concessions. which would have conciliated and preserved. To show to a people bow they have been made the dupea of a class of men M whose hostility," in the language of the lamented Douglas " to filaverey i stronger than their fidelity to the Constitution, and who believe that the disruption vould draw after it. as an inevitable coiiPcquence, civil war, servile insurrections, andHn-ally. the utter extinction of slavery in all the Southern States," we - have, made up from the record a history of the "Crittenden Comproiuie' It will develop the great crime tliat ha been committed against liberty, civilization and humanity, by men, who, unfortunately for the American people, bad, for over two years past, the direction of our na--. tional afl'air-. On the lth day of December. I8G0, Senator Crittenden, of Kentucky, introduced into the Senate of the LTnited States a series of resolutions as basis of sett lement of . the difficulties Ivetvveen the North and the South diffiinilties which, at that time, threatened the: jeace . of the country and the integrity of .the Union. Congressional Glvle, Part 1, session of 18GQ-61, pace 114. . Senator Hale ( Abolition) led ofl' in a speech in opposition to the resolutions, declaringit to be his opinion that the remedies for our troubles were not in Congressional action, lie said; "I do not know that this Congress can do any thing ; but this controversy will not be settled here.'' Lie was right. Thecontroversy was not settled there,."- Would, to God it had been ! lint we all know that the reason why it was not settled there was, the Republicans; would not permit it. Douglas told them, on the rloor of the Senate, that the resionsibility of the failure was with them. The Republican Senators and Representatives acted on the idea of Senator Chandjer, of Michigan, who declared that without a little blood-letting the Union would not be worth a curse. No further action was had on these resolutions, except ordering them to be printed, a b-til January 3d, 18CI. (South Carolina having seceded Dec. 20, and her delegation withdrawn from Congress Dec. 24, lfctil,) when Mr. Crittenden introduced them anew with a different preamble, in which shape they read as follows: (Page 237. Wiiereas, The Union is in danger, and owing to the unhappy divisions existing in Congress, it would be difficult, if not impossible tor that body to concur in both its branches by the requisite majority, so as to enable it either to adopt such measures of legislation or to recommend to the States such amendments to the Constitution as are deemed necessary and proper to avert that danger ; and whereas, in so great au emergency the opinion and judgment of the people ought to be heard, and would be the best and surest guide to their representatives : therefore Resolved, Tbst provisions ought to be mads by law, without delay, for taking the sense ' of the people, and submitting to their vote the following resolutions, as the basis for the final and permanent settlement of those disputes that now disturb the peace of the country, and threaten the existence of the Union. ' Itesolced, by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America, in Congress assembled, two-thirds of both bouses concurring, that the following articles be and are hereby proposed and submitted as amendments to the Constitution of the United States, which shall be valid to all intents and purposes s part -of said Constitution, when ratified by Convention, of three-fourths of the several States : ' ' " : . "; . - ; . Asticls 1. ; In all the territory of the United States now held, or hereafter acquired. sknstsdf north of iathnde thirty-six degrees I ant tbtrty ns-inntes, slavery ot involuntary ser-yitude. except as a punishment : for- crime, prohibited while' socb tenitoryehali-' remain under Territorial government. , In all the territory now held, or hereafter acquired, aoathof aid fineofbtituds, slavery of tbs'Afrieao race is hereby - recognized as existing,' and shall not be interfered withfby Congress;. hot shall be protected : as property "by, all the" depart ments of the Territorial govern meet daring its continuance ;'and when apy Territory north or sonth of said line, within each boundaries as Congress may prescribe, shall .contain the population reouwits for s memberof Coagress,' according to:the then Federsl rstia of reprs-mtation ofihs moir of ths TTnitaJ Slateai it shall, if iU form ofgovernmenrhe republicaa, j thaY'prpid. At art nere'ahallkaTw no 'Mn' iyir abolish slarerr in placer nnter ita-zchaiTs iarisdictioo. or withia the limits of States lng: wtth this original States, with or - wifhol slaierr: as the Constitution ofsoeh ew Ktit J thatennlt ikt holdio of . A sr. 3. Congress shall bars no power to aoojiau Slavery wunm me lyisirict oi iyoium-bia, so long as it exists in the adjoining States . - r - . i ' ? . , oi v irgtnia ana iaaryiana, or eiiaer, nor wim out the consent ot the inhabitants; nor- with out jutt compensation first made to such owners of slave as does not consent to such abolishment. Nor shall CongreM at any time prohibit officers of the Federal" Government, or members of Congress, whose duties require them to be in said District, from bringing with them their slaves, and holding tbem as such during the time their duties may require them to remain there, and afterward taking tnem irom ins Jtnsinci. Art. 4. Congress shall bare no power to prohihit or hinder the transportation of slaves, from one State to another, or to a Territory in which slaves are by law permitted to be held, whether that transportation be by lands, nav- gable rivers, or by sea. i . " Ast. 5. That in addition to the provisions of the third paragraph of the second section of the fourth article oi the Uonstitution or the UnitedState?, Congress shall have power to provide by law, and it shall be its duty so to provide, that the United States shall pay to the owner who shall apply for it, the lull val ue of his fugitive slave, in all cases wheu the Marshal, or other officer whose duty k was to arrent said fugitive, was prevented from so loin br violence or intimidation, or when. after arrest, said fugitive was rescued by force. and the owner therebv prevented and obstruc ted in the pursuit of his remedy for the recovery of his fugitive slave, under the said clause ofthe Constitution and the laws made in pursuance thereof. And in such cases, when the United States shall pay for such fugitive, they shall have the right in their own name to sue the county in which said violence, intimidation, or rescue, was committed, and to recover from it, with lnterest and damages, the amount paid by thetn for said fugitive slave.- And the said county, after it has paid said amount to the Unites States, may, for its indemnify, sue and recover from the wrong-doers or rescuers. by whom the owner was prevented from the recovery of his fugitive slave, in like manner as the owner himself might bare sued and recovered.Art. 6. No future amendment of -the Constitution shall affect the five preceding articles, nor the third paragraph of the second section of the.flQfatfticle ofthe Constitution, nor the third paragraph ofthe second section of the fourth article of said Constitution, and no amendment shall be made to the Constitution which will authorize or give to Congress any power to abolish or interfere with slavery in any of the States by whose laws it is or may be allowed or permitted. Axi). whfreas also, besides those causes of di;sention embraced in the foregoing amendments proposed to the Constitution of the United States, there are others which come within the jurisdiction of Congress, and may be remedied by its legislative power ; and whereas, it is the desire of Congress, as far as its power will extend, to remove all just cause for the popular discontent and agitation which now "disturb the peace of the country, and threaten the stability of its institutions; therefore,1. RexohyeJ, by the Senate and House of Representativesof the United States of American in Congress assembled, that the laws now in force lor the recovery of fugitive slaves are in strict pursuance of the Constitution, and have been sanctioned as valid and constitutional by the Supreme Court of the United States ; that the slave-holding States are entitled to the faithful observance and execution of tbose laws, and that they ought not to be repealed or so modified or. changed as to impair their efficiency ; and that Jaws ought to be made for the punishment"'of those who attempt, by the rescue of the slaves or other illegal means to hinder or defeat the due execution of said laws. . ; . " 2. That all State laws which conflict with the Fugitive Slave Acts, or any other constitutional act of Congress, or which in their opinion impede, hinder or delay "the free course and due execution of any of said acts are null and void by the plain provisions of the Constitution of the United States. Yet those State laws void as they are, have given color to practices and administration and execution of acts of Congress, and especially the acts for the delivery of fugitivelaves, and have thereby contributed much to this discord and commotion now prevailing. Congress, therefore; in the present perilous juncture does not deem it improper, respectfully and earnestly to recommend the repeal of those laws to the several States which have enacted them, or such legislative corrections or explanations ot them as may prevent their beirrgtised or perverted to such mischievous purposes. 3. That the act ot the 18th of September, 1850, commonly called the Fugitive Slave Law. ought to be so amended as to make the fes of the Commissioner, mentioned in the 8th section of this act, equal in amount, in the cases decided by hi(n whether his decision be in favor or against the claimant. And. to avoid misconstruction, the last clause of the 5th section of said act, which authorizes the persons holding a warrant for the arrest or detection of a fugitive slave to summon to his aid a posse comitatu8, and which declared it to be the duty of all good citizens to assist him in its execu tion, ought to be so amended as to expressly limit the authority and duty in cases in which there shall be resistance, or danger of resistance or rescue.' - .-' 4. That the, laws for the suppression of the African slave trade and especially tho prohibiting the importation of slaves into the United States, ought to be more effectual, and ought, to be thoroughly executed, and all further enactments necessary to those ends ought to be promptly made. On the 15th of January, 18&t, Ssnator Clark (Abolitionist) mored to strike out all of Mr. Crittenden's proposition, after the preamble and the word Resolved, and insert in lieu thereof the following: - the provisions-of the Constitution' are ample for the. preservation of the Union, and and the protection of all the material interest of the' country ; that it needs to bs obeyed rather than amended ; and that an extrication from the present dangers is to b looked for in strenuous efforts to preserve (he peace,' protect the public property, and enforee the Taws, rather than isy guarantee for particalar difficulties, or concessions to aareasonable demands. ' " " ;.. .' , CtL: ' . : ;. ', Resolved, TYiaX all attempts to dissolve Jhe present Uao; or ovsrthrow or abandon the preseot Conatitationi with the hope or , expes- iuoo oi consrrqcimg a newons, ars daager- Constttatiofl, shoald h directed,aTi;the-sBfT-giesofalltlsAdepartmeaUof.ihaQirersmeni, and ths effort of good jcitiren.;. U,r m f .ti Thai ppject of tba iatradqeiioii ol Ihsirffesd fofiotr was Vsrjr plain ? 'it was Wlni iTriCrii-tenden'a. phio wfrhoat JAkingfa direci' ! Vote joea -SSrCUfl'ji mQiip jreyailad; hjHf fo , TaAs-ires'i.ntnony tUIc Caawroo; Chaadler, CUrlr, Cbllamtr; x0 - ' ,". - '"f 1 ' -r .' Doolittle. ' Pqrk'ee, Fessendyn;'' Foot.. Foster, Grimes, fl ale, Harlah,- !KJng, Seward, Simmons, Sumner, Ten Eyekr Trumbull, Wade, Wilkinson and Wilsoo25. Air Republicans.' - '. ,j "" ' - ; " . " ' Nats Messrs. Bayard, Blgler, Bragg, Bright, Clingham, Crittenden, Fitch, Green, Lane, Latham,, Masoa .Nicholson, Pearce, Polk, Powell, Pogh. Ries, Saulshury and Sa-bastian 23. All Democrats and Americans. : ' ' - ' Mr. Crittenden's proposition was thus defeated for the present. At a subsequent hour of the same day, Senator Cameron, who had voted for the Clark amendment, moved a reconsideration of the vote by which the- Crittenden proposition was tilled. The vote on this motion was hot taken until the 18th of January, 1801. The following was the result: (Page 443.) i Ykas Messrs. Bayard, RIgler, -Bragg, Bright, Clingman, Crittenden, Douglas, Fitch, Green, Gwinn, Hunter, Johnson of Arkansas, Johnson of Tennessee,'' Kennedy, Lane, Latham, Mason, Nicholson, Pearce. Polk. Pow ell, Pugh, Rice, Saulsbary, Sebastian and Sli-dell 27. -I Nats Messrs. Anthinv. Baker. Tiinfliam. Cameron, Chandler, Cl$rk, Collamer, Dixon, Doolittle, Fessendeu, fpote. Poster, Grimes, Hale, Harlan, King, Seward, Simmons. Sum ner, ten liyclt, waaa Wigtall, Wilkinson and Wilson 24. S It will be seen thajt Mr. Cameron voted against his own proposition. The motion to reconsider having prevailed, the question then was on agreeing to Mr. f CI ark's substitute for the Crittenden plan. The fin'al vote was not taken, on agreeing directly to the Crittenden proposition, until the &d of March, the day preceding the close of, th Congress and the inauguration of Mr. i Lincoln. The Clark amendment was first disposed of ; the debate preceding the vote on which we give: Mr. Clark." It aiiht be expected, as I offered that substitute, -that I would say something in its support ; hut, as the session is drawing so near a close, though I am prepared. i snail waive the opportunity, and let the vote be taken." r Mr. Wilson " We have voted on that sev eral times, and 1 Suggest that it be with- urawn, and let us vote yoirectly on the resolutions. "' The Presiding Officer-" It can not be with drawn, the yeas and nays having been ordered." .. . - - " The Secretary proceeded to call the roll." Mr. Anthony whenhis name was called) " Without any reference to the merits of this amendment, I shall vote against it for the pnrposeof allowingthe Senator from Ken tucky to obtain a voter on his resolution. I vote nav." ' Mr. Baker, (when his name was called,) 'Without referencsf.to the merits of this amendments? I shall vote against it in order to get an opportunity to vote against the resolution of the Senator iifbm Kentucky." The result was announced yeas 14, nays 22, as follows: Yeas MessTK-BTrrghn m , Ch an dler, CI ark. Doolitlle, Diirkee,-Fessenden, Foote, Flarlan, King, Morrill, Summer, Trumbull, Wade and Wilkinson 14. " Nays Messrs. Anhony, Baker, Bayard, Bigler, Bright, Crittenden, Dixon, Douglas. Foster, Gwi.ii, Hunter. Johnson, of Tenn., Kennedy, Lane, Latham, Mason, Nicholson, Polk, Pugh, Rice, Sebastian and. Ten Evck 22." . . . So Mr. Clark's amendment was rejected. (Page 1404.) The question thefi recurred on adopting the Crittenden plan of compromise. It was defeated by the following vote : (Page 1405.) Yeas Messrs. Bavard, Birler. BriVht. Crit tenden, Douglas,- G win,; II uoter, Johnson of Tennessee, Kenney, Lane, Latham, Mason, WichoJson, I'olk, Pugh, ltice, Sebastian, Thomson and Wigfall 19. Nays Messrs. Anthony, Bingham, Chan dler, Clark, Dixon, Doolittle, Durkee, Fessen den, Foote, Foster, Grimes, Harlan, King Morrill, Sumner, Ten Eyck, Trumble, Wade, Wilkinson and Wilson 20. - Of the. nineteen who voted yea, seventeen were Democrats, . and two : Americans. The latter were Senators Crittenden, of Kentucky, and Kennedyj of Maryland. The twenty who voted in the negative were allRepublicans.':'-". - IX TBI HOTSB Or RIPRESEWTATITES. On the 27th of February, 18ol, (see page 1261.) Mr. Clemens, of Virginia, proposed to to the House of Congress that the Crittenden compromise should be submitted to a vote of the people for adoption or rejection, He proposed the following joint resolution : Whereas, The Union is ia danger ; and owing to the unhappy disunion existing in Congress, it would be di&cult, if not impossible, for that body to concur, in. both its branches, by the requisite majority, so as to enable it either to adopt such measures of legislation, or to reoommend la the States such atnend-raents to the Constitution as are deemed neces-sarv and properto avert that danger i a nd Whereas, In so great anr emergency, the opinion and judgment of the people ought to be heard, and would be the-beat and. sorest guide to their, reprssentatives ; therefore. .Resolved, by the Senate and' House of Representatives of the United Suites of America in. Con grtss assembled, thai provisions ought to be made by law, without delay, for taking - the sense of the people, and submitting to the vote the following resolutions (Crittenden's) as the basis for the final - and permanent settlement of those disputes that bow disturb . ths peace of the country and threaten the existence Of the Unioi. - - - - ' - ; ;' rJ ETere followed Mr. Crittsndeo's resolu, ttons ; ' ' ; . Tb .' proposition of 'Mr. Clemens waa, te iecWl 'iy the ", following vote ; jea ;80 nays lis; .. -...-v, .. - v- . :-v ;--'-'; .---. Yeas Messrs. Adrainf Ifl JtS -Anderson. Avery'.f Barretf Bocock, Boiettr, Bemlignsy. Brats!' ' Beanch.; ' Jtriggs? '- Bristo,' Jrown,f BuTch.f Barrie,t - F. ChvrK J. BC!ark,t John OochraneVt Coxjt Jatnesj Oraig,t J.1 Q Jenkins,t;Kuokel,t-Lral)e,t iJ.-if-iJkA -beke,t Xogaa.T .llatay.f MaOn-eyG. O. Marttit.t: Z. GTforCmt iMrywsrdiWtCltT' tiandvt MeITeoU7.t-iIillsoi,t- iloBtgomery.t Zaian T.' Moore, I. N. Jtarris,t 1J i- black.t -oeli,t Pejttm; . Phelpe,t Frror.t 0?K?--s.f U. C 5 Ilobinsow.t'i iUvall circs,t;'Sijamt,t"'V7m.r Bm!th4f Wjll.'N; Sumt,f Thomaa,t Vallandigham,t VanWes iter, ..Wbltaey .Wioalow, -Woodeoa Vanda IscJ'remw Wrightf 80.- Democrats Gij Americana, 19. . : ' : .'Nsys-Mewe, C. F. AdarapAUrich, Alley, Ashley, Pabbatt, Beale, Bingham, Bfake, Bray ton, Buffi ngton, Burlingame, Burnbano, Butterfield, Cam pbeJl, . Carey, Carter, ; Case, Coburn, C. Cochrane, Colfax, Conkling, Conway, Corwin, Covode, H. W. Davis, Dawes, Deiazo, -Dnell, Dana, ' Kigerton, Edwarks, Elliot, - Ely, Etheridqe, Farnsworth, Fenton, Ferry, Foster, Frank, French. Gooch, Graham, Grow, Hale, Hall, Helm ick, Hickman, Hirlman.f Hoard, W. A, Howard, Humphrey, Hatch ins. Irvine, Jankin, F. W. Kellog, W. Kellog, Kenyon, Kenyon, Kilgore, Killiuger, DeWittjC. Leach, Lee. Longnecker, Loomia, Lovejoy, Mars ton, McKean, McKnight, Mc-Pherson,' Morehead, Morrill, Jloree, Nixon, Ol in. Palmer. Perry Petti t. Porter, Potter, Pottle, E. R. Reynolds, Rice, C, Robinson Royce, Scranton, Sedgwick, Sherman, Somes, Spauldit g Spinner, Stanton, Stevens, W.Stewart, Scratton, Tappan, ; Thayer, Theaker, Tompkins, Train, Trimble, Vandever, Van Wyck, Terres, Wade. Waldron, Walton, C. C. Washburne, R. B. Washbnrne, Wells, Wilson, ; Windham, Wood and WoodrufT 113. . Republicans, 110; Americans, 2, Democrats, 1. : - . v: . : Democrats , with a f ; Republicans in Roman; Americans in Italic. . Such was the recorded action of the two houses of Congress, at the most critical and momentous period of our history, on a measure that would have saved us from civil war had the representatives of the party that had just been elected to power adopted it in sea son. . - It 19 denied by some of the leaders and presses of the Republican party, that such would have been the result of the adoption by Congress of the Ctittesdkk Compromise ; but they produce no proof to sustain their assertion. On the other hand, we have as high testimony as could be desired or needed, to show that bad the CrittkSdzx Compromise been adopted in season, it would have saved the country from civil war. Senator Douglas, on the 3d of January, 1821, speaking of bis o wn plan of adjustment, which he hail introduced into the Senate, said: (See Appendix Con. Globe, I860, 18(31, page 4i.) . : , ; I believe this (his own plan) to be a. fair basis of amicable adjustment. If you of the Republican side are not willing to accept this, nor the proposition Ofthe Senator from Kentucky, Mr. Crittenden, pray, tell U9 what you are willing to do. I address the inquiry to the Republicans alone; for the reason that jn the Committee of Thirteen, a few days ago, every member from the South, including tho3e from the Cotton States (Messrs. Toombs ami Davis,) expressed their readiness to accept the proposition of my venerable friertd - from Kentucky, Mr. Crittenden, as a final skttlemkvt of the controversy, if tendered and sustained by the Republuran members. Hence, THg sole ais-POMSiBiLiTr of owr disagreement, and the o.vtr DirrrcuLTr in the wiy of an amicabi.k adjustment is with the REPUBLICAN PARTY. When Mr. Douglas made that speech, he made it in the preaencejurd in the hearingof Jetf. Davis, Toombs, and the other Southern Senators, except those " from South Carolina, who hail retired from Congress ; and no one denied the truth of ; his statement. Nor did any of the Republican members of the Committee of Thirteen deny its truthfulness. They must, therefore, all be taken as having concurred in its correctness, viz : that the Southern Senators would have received the Crittenden plan, if tendered and sustained by the Republican members, as a final settlement of the slavery controversy; and that, therefore, the only difficulty in the way of an amicable adjustment was with the Republican party, and on it would rest the sols responsibility of the disagreement and its consequent horrors of civil war. . But there is other proof. On the 7th Janu ary, 1861, Mr. Toombs made a speech-(see p. 270.) in which he corroborated the statement of Mr. Douglas, so far as he was concerned. He said : But, althongh I insist npon this perfect equality in the Territories, -yet, when it was Sro posed, as I understand the Senator from 'entucky now proposes, that the line.36"deg. 30 min., shall be extended acknowledging and protecting our property on the south side: of that line, for the sake of peace permanent peace I said to. the Committee of Thirteen, and I say here,, that. ..with other satisfactory provisions, I would accept it. I am willing however, to take the proposition of the Senator as it was understood in Committee, putting the North and the South on the same CunJ, prohibiting slavery on one side, ac-wledging slavery and protecting it on the other, and applying that to all future acquisi-sitions, so that the whole Continent to the North Pole shall be settled upon the one rule, and to the South Pole under the other. . But that is not all. By reference fo the same Congressional Globe, part 2, page 1390, will be found a speech made by Mr. Pugh on the 3d of March, 1861. In the course of that speech, Mr., Pugh said: ; - : - The Crittenden . propositjon has been indorsed by the almost unanimous vote of the Legislature of Kentucky. It has been . in dorsed by the Legislature of the noble old Commonwealth of Virginia.' tt has been petitioned for by a larger number electors of the United States than, any; proposition . that was .aver -before: Congress., v I ; believe y heart to-day that it ;would carry an over-whelming majority of the people of my State 7-ay,- sir and nearly every other Stats in the Union. Before the Senater from tha State - of Mississippi-left this chamber, I heard one of them,.who now assnines at least, to be President of the Son tbern Confederacy, propose to accept: it and to roaiataia' the Union if that proposition soahl recelvs the vote it ought to receive faoa the other aids f th a chamber Theretora, of all your proposi tiona, ofali your ase8dments,:icitowiag.aa I do, and knowing thatthehistorWwUtwriU it .daB, at- any tlrai'beforacthsi 1st of Jaonary, two-third sota fo! tbe CritteadeA- rasblationai in this chamber would have saved every State in. ths r ilriPagh said that in-the presence, and the hearing pf -Republican: Senators, ind no onf dented (heT.i3tKpfvliia Douglas was rreseat and- foJIaw4 JXr,- roh ;Tbe Senator has said that if the Crittenden! Proposition could have passed early in the J session, it would bare saved all the States ex-! cept South Carolina, I firmly believe it would. While the Crittenden Proposition was not in accordance with my cherished views, I avowed my readinesa and eagerness to accept it in ordr to save tha U u'on if ws could unite upon it. No man Iiim labored harder than I have to get it' passed. 1 can confirm the Senators declaration, that Senator Davis himself, when on the Committee of Thirteen, was ready, at all times, to compromise on the Crittenden Droposition. I will go further, and say that Mr. Toombs was also. We think nothing -could be more conclusive than that testimony, unless the actual experiment itself, by the adoption of the plan itself and a trial under it, which the Republican members would not permit. . Senator Critten den's opinion as to the effect the adoption of this plan would have had, was expressed by him, in a letter to' Larx Anderson, Eq., of Cincinnati, dated Frankfort, March 27, 1861 in whicb he said : These resolutions were proposed in the roe spirit of compromise, and with the hope of preserving or restoring to the conntrv oeaoe and union. They were the result of the joint-) la Dors or, and consultation with friends, hav ing the same end in : view ; and I believe if these measures, thus ofTered had been, at a suitable time promptly adopted by the Congress of the United "States, it would have checked the progress of the rebellion and revolution and SAVED THE UNION. . Some of the leaders finding the proof against their party to be so conclusive and overwhelming, endeavored to avoid its force by stating that, had the Southern Senators remained in their seats and voted the Crittenden plan of Compromise would have passed Congress. That is not true. Under no circumstances could it have passed the House, which' was Republican. With a full Senate, and every Senator voting, it would have required forty-four votes to pass the Crittenden Compromise, being a two-thirds vote which is required on amendments to the Constitution. Had the thirty Senators from the Slave States been present and voted, they, with the ten Demo crats from the Free States would have made but forty, which would not have been enough by four votes.' It is true, therefore, that had the Southern Senators remained in their seats and voted, the Crittenden Compromise would have passed the Seriate even. As we have al ready remarked, the' House being Repub lican, it could not have leceived a majority vote in that body, let alone a two-thirds vote. ".- ' I .. ' But unanimity of opinion was necessary to have secured the success of the Crittenden plan with the States, had it even passed Congress. The Southern Senators, in the Com mittee of Thirteen, felt the necessity of that unanimity, and therefore it was that Mr. Douglas said, that '' every member . from the South, including those -frorn-tbsCoUon States, (Messrs. Toombs and Davis,) expressed their readiness to accept the Crittenden Compromise as a final settlement of the controversy, if ten dered and sustained by the Republicans If not tendered and sustained by the Republi cans, the Southern Senators, as did every body else, knew that the adaption, by Congress, of the Crittenden Compromise, would, in the end, be perfectly nugatory, as it would be defeated in the State Legislatures by the Republicans. Had it been tendered and sustain ed by the Republican members of Congress, the Southern people would have had a Btrong assurance, amounting almost to certainty, of its success in the Stats Legislatures; for the two great parties wonld then have been for it. But the managing, leading Republicans want' ed no Com promise at all, and least of all did they desire any that would ; he acceptable to the South. They wanted a disruption of the Union and civil war, in order to overthrow slavery. The testimony of Mr. Douglas on that point is overwhelming. In a letter to S. 8. Hayes, Esq., of Illinois, he said : Washington-, December 20, 1850. Mr Dear Sir:, - You will have received my proposed amendments. to the Constitution before you receive this. The South would take tny proposition if the Republicans woul i agree to it. But the extreme North and South hold off, and are precipitating the country into revolution and civil war. While I can do no act which recognizes or countenances the doctrine of secession, my policy is peace, and I will not consider the question of war until every ' effort has been made for peace, and all hope shall have vanished. When that time comes, if unfortunately it shall come, I will then do what it becomes an American Senator to do on the then state of facts. -Many of the Republican leaders desire a' dissolution, of. the Union, and nrge war aa a means of accomplishing disun ion ; while others are Union men in good faith, We have now reached the point, where a compromise, on the basis of mutual concession, or disunion and war, are inevitaSls. . I prefer a fair and just compromise. I shall make a speech in a few days. S, 3. DOUGLAS. 3. S. liATES, Esq. On the same day Mr.'Oonglae addressed a letter of like import lo the Hon. John Taylor, of New Yorlc. To that gentleman Mr. Dour- las wrote : ' " " ' ' . .. "WAtfflJrcrojr, ties. 9, 18J0. ' 1'Ht Dlit Sit : ' Pressure of business has prevented aa earlier acknowledgement of your kind letter.- -Tb prospects of po.r country are gloomy indeed, but I do not despair of the ' II?. .T . J - T - L -.m r . uepuoiic ne are now uniting rapaiy into civil war, which nrast end ia disanton. This can only be prevented byamendmenta to the Constitution, which -wi'll'tak the slavery question out of Congress, and pot an end to the strife. Whether this can ha done depends upon the Republicans; 'Many; of their leaden desire disunion w party rronnds, and here is the difSculty. - God grant " us a safe deliver ance ta pay prayer, -. i , : .- - rW-v. Yery truly. your friend. -. s .'-.V-' x. DOUGLASS Mr. Douglas roafle his speeches four or five days after tha date' of that Utter, fovirjaich? he avowed bis readine and esgerpear tha CriUehde, CommDUs hr;oeder - to tha UaiWithatebyieadoPMBS U. mLCaIx iind just -com promis'T BattJer.wre :tao,i; many nepaWicaa leadera. jho yestm 4iol?tV,l of the Tfaioo, and jurrsd; wax as a msansjof ao Douglas plan "or .Air. Crittenden's' plan, o the peace Conference plan to pass ; and ao tha country was precipitated into civil war. 4arly in February, l&Si, tougUM; la letter to the editors of the Memphis Appeal, drew more folly the portrait of .tha managing Republicans. He said ; - : . ; :. - . - Washi-ioto-, February 2, 1961: "Messrs Editorsi " You must remember that there are disnnioniats among the party leaders at the Noilh as well as at lbs South men whose hostility to slavery ie stronger than their fidelity to the Constitution and who believe that the disruption of the' Union would draw after it. as an rnevitaUa consequence, civil war, servile insorrectioo, . and, finally, the utter extermination of slavery in all the Southern States. They are bold daring, determined- men; and believing, as they do, that the Constitution ofthe United Slates is the great bulwark of slavery on this continent, and that the disruption ofthe American Union involves the inevitable destruction of slavery and is an insepcrable neceaitv to', the" attainment of that end, they are determined to accomplish their paramount object, by any means within their power. For these reasons the Northern Disunion'-Ists, like the Disnnioniats : of the. South, are violently opposed to all compromises or constitutional amendments, or efforts at conciliation, whereby peace should be restored and the Union preserved. -They are striving to break up the Union under the pretense ot unbounded devotion to it. They are struggling to overthrow the Constitution", while professing undying attachment to it, and a willing ness to make any sacrifice to maintain it. They are trying to plunge the country into civil war as the surest means of destroying the Union, upon the plea of enforcing the law and protecting the public property. If they can defeat every kind of adjustment or compromise, by wtich the points at issue may be satisfactorily settled, and keep up the irritation, no as to induce the Border States to follow the Cotton States, they will feel certain of of the accomplishment of their ultimate de" signs. : - Nothing will gratify them so much, or eon tribute so effectually to their success, as the secession of Tennessee, and the Border States. Every State that withdraws from the Union increases the relative power of the Northern Abolitionists to defeat a satisfactory adjustment and to bring ou a war which, sooner or later, must end in final separation and recognition of the independence ofthe two contend-' ing sections. Thtl Mr, Donglas drew a correct portrait of the managers of the Republican party, isprov--ed by the letter written by Senator Chandler, of Michigan to Austin Blair, then Governor of that State. This letter was written a feW; days after the date of Senator Douglas letter to the editor of the Mem phis Appeal. Here' it is t ' : . . WASHiJtoTOV, Feb. 1, 1831.- My Dear Governor: Governor Bingham and myself telegraphed to you on Saturday, at the request of Massachusetts and New York, to send delegates to the Peace or Compromise Congress. They admit that we were right and they were wrong; that no Republican' State should have sent delegates ; but they" are here and can't get away. Ohio, Indwna and Rhode Island - are caving in, and there is some danger of Illinois, and now they beg of us for irod's aake, to come to the rescue and save the Republican party from rupture, y I hope yon will send stiff-backed men or none.- The whole, thing was gotten up agsinst my judgment and advice, and will end in thin smoke. Still I hope as a matter of courtesy to some of our erring brethren, that you will send the delegate. " Truly your Iriend, Z. CbandiB His Excellency Austin Blair. P. 8. Some of the manufactnring Stater think that a fight would be awful. Without a little blood-letting this Union will not, in my estimation, be worth a curse. That letter is full of point. . It opens to tha public gaze the -motives upon which the Re-' publican managers acted. Vi ginia bad so-' licited a Conference ofthe States to see if some' plan could not be devised and acted upon to save the Union and prevent civil war. din-cere patriots were anxious to save the Border States Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky and Missouri, together with North Car-' olina and Tennessee and therefore favored the assembly of this Peace Conference. Tha Republican managers were opposed to it. Mssfiachusetts and New York sent delegates, but when explained to them, they repented of their haste, acknowledged their error, admitted that the managers were right and they wrong, and that no Republican State should have sent delegates. Tbey therefore,' begged for God's Bake, for the Governor of Michigan to come to the rescue, and save the Republican party not the Union from rapture. - Th Governor was requested to send stiff-backed men or none none who were likely to favor any plan of conciliation. In the opinion of. Chandler the Union would not be worth aV curse, without a little blood letting. As far back as December 23, 1830, Mr.-Toombs issued an address to his constituents, of Georgia, in which be says, speaking of the Crittenden Compromise: 'A vote was uktffil ia the Committee of Thirteen oo amend ments to.the Constitution, proposed by the Hon. J, J Crittenden, and each and all of them vers) voted against harmoniously, by tha Black. poldican members of the Committee. In addition to these facta, a majority of the Black Republican members of the Committee declared distinctly that they had no- guarantees to offer, which was silently acqaieseed ia by . th other members Mr. Toombs afterward, January 7, 1861, mads his speech in ths Sen ate. in which he said be woold accept the Crittenden Compromise as a final settlement of the slavery au-stioa. But Senator Hale, leading Republican said, on the floor of tha Senate when Mr. Crittenden presented, his plan to the Senate, tha controversy Twas not to . be settled by Congress. The Republican rrran agersdid not mean to permit it t be settled there. Tbey wanted in tha langnatre of Sena tor Dour las. a disruption of tha U a km, bo lieving-a disruptioa .'wonld draw' after it, aa an taevitabla eonseqnenee, cjvil war, servile insurrections and, finally, the otter extermination of slavery In all the Southern Slates, Tliey- are the great criminals upon -whose oac as jtne. scorpion woifn w uupw mj wn raped people shonld be aplisd. - ; . Bnt for these xsen, S might have contmoed a united and prosperous peopla.- Thair drriU Ish spirit demanded wan tlood letting.- aad tha land has bee gorged, with the;. blood of brethren hel by .the hands of brothers. Ce-oUtionJ dea,h, bamiliation, std tears an I rotv.i row have been . pnr "pottlOo sines Ibeks T-publican managers had the Hrectkwr ol j . . i affairs at Wash in gtisnr They are ' iha, c&UT iCst have eoatroHed rtbe j Pres'ulel.l'' (roin th. start,' To what eoaditioa the country will be-, redaeed bv tha lime their power, shall eease on tbe retirement -of Mr. Lmclaria be inag inel from tta present ?r!or&L!e state.-' andsr their ' wtawipn4aiVn; j All oaf. tronUe might bve bem'ta'oi ?i but for thetr. deterroinaiion that there shau! " 1-c to ; compron- Wbat a rrice the country is paring lor the AhelHioft whistle, - . v ; - ' " , -'t j