Mt. Vernon Republican (Mount Vernon, Ohio : 1854), 1857-03-31

              v , I 1 1 1" if. T 1' 7 '; FFi " ' f !v i'i ftO vol nr. MOUNT VERNON, OHIO, TUESDAY MORNING, MAR. 31, 1857. i) l! . a , . Of liio CouiiniDKlonFra ofKuox County. ' . j To'ths Collar or Common Tlkai ih and roa ' Kkox Cunwr, O. The unJ(jrlnod, C'umintsslonors of said county, In pursuance of the law of April 8, I860, rospeotful-. It represent that the annual settlement with tho Auditor and Treasurer of mid oounty, herewith filed and mad a nartof this IUport, will give an accurate ( atatoment of tho Ituooipts and Disbursements of tho eountr since the annual settlement In June, A. I). 'HUM. , In order, however, thru a more oorreot view of ' t tho financial affair of the county may bo niven we have thought it advisable to make a statemont of ' matters that could not properly enter into the settle ent with tho Auditor and Treasurer. - ,?: Knox oounty, In pursuance of a vuto of horeitl-( (tnas, took $100,000 stock in the Columbus A Luko . Krie ltailroad, nnd iasuod and delivered to the offi-',ieerf ef laid road eonnty bonds, puyublo in lnt)7, for .tbsaame, i Those bonds drew interest at the rote of telAiporoent, nayablo annually ( of those bonds wo , ve onncelled the last winter 14,250, leaving yet ' ..oetstandinr. the annual interest on which '-' amounts to i,745. 8onie yoars after tho stock was ' taken and said bonds wero issued, the Comuiission-t.ojrs told said stock to twelve different parties, at par, t .taking tbo Individual bond of each purchaser, or . purchaser, whore two or morn wore jointly interested t rot the stock so sold; taking also a mortgage on the V stack so sold,the certificate of stock being left in the .-tds of the purchasers. - The bonds taken from tho )rohaaors fall due in Juno, A. 1). 1HI17, and aro also ,.n intore.4, payablo annually, The interest was in- Vtndod to moot the interest on the County bonds is- aaed for said rood, and if it hod boon promptly puid, '-' pvould haveniotenid interest. The stock in the road ' nifnod out to be about as near worthless as the stock to badly managed ruilrund oould well get, and tho : - . heads on sereral of tho purchasers are not much bet- (,te than tho stock sTbo rosult has been that instead of tho purcha- aereoi mis siocs paying in inoir niioreiuo moot tuo interest on thoeouuty bonds, the county has been nOempeUed, mainly, to pay tho interest from othor (eroas; and it is vary evident that a considerable ' 'portion of the interest and principal of said bonds . .'will hare (o bo mot by taxation. Tho purchasers of rJaid stock have only paid in tho sum of $i,lHl,li0 on . interest as yet. If wo compute tho interest duo the i ' 'ounty on the purchasers bonds, on the full amount .of. tho same, there would be now due the sum of 112,815,40. If we compute it on 70 cents on thodol- lar, thoro would now bo due tho sum of $11,215,40. , -In ordor to meet tho interest on tho county bonds - - ailing due January 1st, 1857, tho Treasuror has used J?5,2o7,i.'4 out of other funds. There is yet outstan- - ding interest warrants on thoso honds duo to the amount of $: 1 ,00, making in all the sum of '7118,1:1, for which no funds have been provided; and t U this may be added tho sum of $5,745, the interest falling duo Jannary 1st, IH58, that must be provided 4or tho present year j and wo (Inil that it will be necessary to raise for this purposo tho pros'ont year tho ' sum of $11,513,1:1. In tho year 1855, the Commissioners cuHttnttd to reduce the bonds of those who ' ' .had purchased said Stock thirty cents on tho dollar in case said purchasers nil paid up their interest in full lor tuo nrst year, nut hvo ot the purchasers com j plied with tho terms of tho agreement. In tho year 1850, the Commissioners in view of said agreement, tho worthlessncss of said stock, tho great hardship on tho purchasers, and to get tho matter in a more tangible sliapo and induce the purchasers to bo more ;, prompt in paying their interest, agreed that any one if said purchasers who would pay up tho back into- irest or secure it,nnd givo judgment notes for the in - tcrcst afterwards fulling due, us well as for the princi- '-pal, nnd also placo tho stock philial in tho hands of 'the Coinmis.ioncrs.should still have the hencfitnf said .'deduction, while those who should fail to come into i -the airainj'.nKiit would ho held for the full amount, f 'No one of the pnrohnsors has nsyct complied with tho '"'propositinnfand two only have paid in their interest , tho presontyenr on tho reduced sum. Knox County ailso, in pursuance of a voto of her citizen, issued ''ounty bonls to tho amount of $02,500, for the ber - "cfitof stockholders in tho Springfield, Mt. Vernon A -' ' I'ittsburgh ltailroad, sineo the issuing of said bonds 1 51 0.000 of the same havo boon cancelled, leaving out-'y standing the sum of $S2.500. ' Thoso bonds boar lutercst at the rnto of seven per cent, payablo annually in tho city of Now York, and ' the annual interest on them amounts to the sum of 45.775. Tho Treasuror has over-paid tho present ' year, in rcacoming interest warrants on tnoao Donns next Torm or tnc tiourr. auiii una .oci.icnana ap-the sum of $817.07, and there is interest warrants I pointed a Committee to procure chairs for Court auoaua outstanding on mcso minus tome nmnunt of $5,818.00. Wohavcmndc arrangements with tho Knox County Bank to meet those warrants. In ad- dition to this, there will bo due on the first day of " March, 1858, another year's intorcst on those bonds amounting to $5,775, making in all tho sum of $12.- 440,97 to be raised in some way the coming year, to meet tho interest on tho bonds Issued for this Road. Thus it will bo soon that thosum of $23,081.10 must ' be raised to moot the Interest duo nnd to full due on Knox County bonds, between this nnd the 1st day of March, A. I). 1858. It miry bo proper to say thatiin impression has gono out, that tho parties who gave their notes and Mortgages to the County for tho County bonds issued for tho Springfield, Mt. Vernon A Pittsburgh Railroad, aro not locally liable to pay the same. A suit is now pending to test said liahili- lluntsbcrry A Son, presented a claim for Stoves, Ao., ty and most of tho stockholders have declined pay- I for Court room amounting to $131.07 allowed. Dnn- ing their interest until tho mutter Is tested. Wo ! ie McDowell's claim for chairs, amounting to $110, hare tlmo and again urged the trial to be mado a fr Court House, nllowcd; ordered that if the Trus- 'peedily as possible, and hopo that the snmo will soon I tecs of Clinton Township, tho Council of Mt. Verbs had. There has boon paid up to this timo ns into- J non and tho School Board of, said oity will consont rest on said bonds tho sum of $12,072.21 leaving now that tho Commissioners may keep out of funds hero-duo and uniaid tho sum of $10,127,7(1 cents. In nd- nftor collected for said corporate bodios, tho moneys .dition to mooting the interest on said bonds provis- collected of the Knox County Bnnk.nnd appropriation! must bo mado to moot a claim for extra work on cd to the uso of said bodies, tho Commissioners will the new Court House, the amount of which wo know arrange the claim of said Bank; that William Mc-nnthing shout ns jot. The contract prico originally, i (.'lellnnd bo appointed agent to procure their assent, 'was $24.0(ltfi The sum of $2700(1 has already been i Rn( if mfa bodios will not so consent that he act as paid. The work is not yqt completed nnd will not be Att'y in getting up an agreed statement of foots and until about the 15th of April next., Tho County is j submitting said claim for adjudicutron to tho Court also liable, aswosupposo, to repay tn'thoKnoxCoun-1 fflf Common Pleas, Ao. All of whioh is mostrospect- ij iwiik, taxes collected trom ncr improperly, wnn interest to the amount of about $2700, and to all this 'must be added a largo sum to moot tho ordinary ox-1 penscs of the County, eoorned and nccruing; the: County fundsnnw eolloctod boinginsumelont for that purposo. The Direotorsof the County Infirmary aro j earnestly urging us to erect a new building for tho i , bettor accfintttUwn ot tno inmates ; tne nouso now .ucmpiiS is evidently a niisorablo affair, and wholly unfit to answor the purposo. Tbo County is put to great expenso in sustaining ' jail insano persons and out door paupers, who if proper arraMjtvuHl wore mado oould bo kept at a much less expenso in tbo Infirmary. Tho Poor House farm is said to bo worth tome $8000, and it is a quostion worthy of re-jlootion as tn whethor it hod not better be told and he proceeds invosted In a smaller tract of bind, and the erection of new house nearer to the pentre of tho County, nnd theoooupnnts required to 4 o voto their timo to gardening, or suoh other occupation as would be more suitnblo and profitable than .(shoring on tho farm. Sevornl applications forassis-funce to erect bridge havo been mado and talked of; II of tioi are woll worthy of attention, and should provide for as soon as the same can bo dono with-'tmt lojpoiiog burthens on tfio tax payers tooboovy ' to JyO borno. It may be proper hero to stato that there eras due and outstanding on Uu lt day of February A . 1). 1857, to the Fund Conttuissionars of tho County '.the sum of W.408.T3, , f here )s yet duo to tho State of this the sum of IIM1.1 4, which will leave $7416.00 that will fall to 'the Cousin of this sum not nvor $11,551.27 can ever ' .be nalioaj m4 whon collected, will, to soino extent, .assist, la relieving us from our burthens. With all .these drawbacks and difficulties to encounter, it is a subjeot of pride a4 gratification to every honorable ana right minded eitisea, that the County has met her habilitiea promptly without repudiation or .thought of so doing. Of the large amount uf Coun ty Orders flooding the County a few years since. .tuswkoa ateut at a large discount, all it is believed . have beea redeemed, and of the onlers-usucd within the last twe years, only $23. 10 cents remained outstanding en the 1st i)ay of Marsh A. 1. IH57, and ' this too la spite of the large aiooontoipondedfor the ot and the new Jai end Court House, and the repudiation and negleet to pay on the part of the stwk- . holders in our IUi)roa4s, It gives evidcaoeof the rapidly iaereasiag wealth of our eitiaoas aad of the inteatinn of theomoeraof the County to faithfully, ' inaptly and honestly meot all her ngagcmente, osrr negligent and unfaithful othors aiay be in -aaeetlag and iVnS up to theirengagemeuUwith the ' County. V'eean see the propriety and uaderstand the lav of Aprlj 8, 1856, sufficiently well to know that ' ha foregoing ilateroent together With the settlement atada part of this feport,f a proper and legitimate natter to Uy before (he publie. If thu law stopped wheaitrcqulrfduatoBive an accurate statement of thelaaneialaffairsof the County, wo havo performed that d,l7 but it aoenu to require that we should make a u. detailed roport is ftitillg" of all our of. fgUlUMuactiou.' i . . v;., , I !' i J 11 may B tieefut. Interesting and pmfltiWe for ol toeeioutin "detail" H nr proeeedlrinotiappli-L.ii..., rnMtaVUJ.Ia. i-atlnrand lilnf the true houndarlteaf Co. rawtt end sundry other matter of Jiie teipertiand fot thermr4aiid Proatt'y ssiBetbessme and have It pubusneo, dui wo " the Court will excuse us from this labor. If Indsod it ts required, Wo shall omit ell our proceedings on rosus, ana nuomnt to givo a brier synopsis or our nroctodinirs In other mathtr. and If Insnfflaiiinf. will furnish the Court and i'roseouting Attorney with our journal, to wnicn we rolur lor particulars, as It Is impossible for us, without copying the Journal, to mako a statement sufficiently full to he clearly understood. March 8, lHifl, directed ordor to bo lssuod to Messrs. Jennings k Auld, for Court House, fur $500, March 4, 18511, dlrootorl an ordor to be issued to J. W.' Venoo, for attorney's foes, by ordor of Court in easo of State v. Trine, for $10 1 one to K. Underwood for taking oaro of Hona Dunahuo, insnno person, for $75; settled with John Limb, Auditor, on account, for $11115,02 ; cancelled a oounty bond for $1000, issued for tho uso of H. Mt. V. A 1. K. Koad ; ordered rents for court room, offices, Ac, to be paid. March 21, J. MoKlroy and David Auld authorised to purchase bell for court-bouso. June 2, aniiroircd Treasurer's bond and examined and approved tho accounts and settlement with the Auditor and Treasurer. i June 4, reports of sundry tfTlcos of fines eollceted, mod and examined settled h, linrper s bill for one year's printing, amounting to 205.82, and nindo an ordor in relation to tho ferry at Uroersvillo, establishing rates, Ac.' June 5, mado a levy for nil purposes, Including State and Koad tax of mills. June (1, accepted W. II. Cochran's bid for public printing, llorrowcd of tho 8. M. & N. K. It. fund, $1442,78 8, nnd of thcCounty fund $1557,21 2, to pay on moneys borrowed of Hunk to redeem Intercut warrants on county bonds for tho S. Mt. V. A N. K. Koild: order to J. Lamb on Auditor's fee for four hundred dollars; mado arrnngoinonts to renew loan from Hank on 3000 dollars ; directed Auditor to givo notioo to thoso indebted to tho oounty for bonds for n, Mt, V . 4 r. K. K., to pay up intercut, and employed II, 1). Curtis A Scribner to bring suit on stockholders bonds. September 2, ordored Tronsuror to deposit mon- ovs in Knox county Dank ; ordered to J. I.innb on fees for four hundred dollars, nnd bond of bonk for safety of tho deposits approved and placed in hands of treasuror. Scntombor 15, J. I.amb directed to hnvo jail doors arranged in pursuance of n report of tho Grand Jury cortiticd to by Clerk of Court. October 7, order to Messrs. Jonnings A Auld for $7000. October IS, Jacob Bell and William M'Clclland presented oortificr.tcs of clcotion as Commissioners, and ovidenco of qualification, Ao. Kcquirod bond of Shorifftobe 20,000, Coroner 7,000, Auditor 10,-000, Prosecuting Attorney 1,500 and Recorder 2,000, and instructed tho Prosocuting Attornoy to proparo them. W. M'Clolland appointed to seo to thu interest of tho county in the S. M. A N. ltailroad. Novcmbor 3, C. C. liaugh, Kccordor, Israel Undor-wood, Sheriff, and Albert Ellis, Coroner, presented their bonds, which woro approved. John Summer's bill as Infirmary Director presented and allowed 40 dollars ; L. Strong's bill for nursing Itosa Donahue, for 81 dollars, allowed ; agreed to appropriate 1,000 dollars towards purchasing a Fair Ground 500 in 1857 and 500 in 1858, when tho Agricultural Society raised a like amount. Deoembor I, cancelled 2,000 dollars county bonds for S. M. A N. It. Unpledged tocoiinty for money loaned 1). S. Norton, Sr., and applied it on his notes tothecountv. Also cancelled $2250 of liko bonds ul pledged to thoeouuty for'inoncy loaned Coopers A Clark, and nnnlicd tbo same to their neto to tho , county. December 3, Dr. McClelland A Bryant's bill for i services to prisoners in jail of $21. 38 allowed. Jacob i M'tirew, Infirmary Director, presented his bill for ! $;1,00 and allowed. W. F. Sapp, Esq., presented ! his bill for fccsnsAtt'y in sundry mutters for the i Countv. of $36.00 and allowed. Thomas Lirimoro ; presented his bill of $10.00 for services ns Infirmary Director and allowed. Madcordor in relation to tho Pi nrehnscrs of the County Stock in the S. M & . It. Road, as horoinljcforc set forth January 12, 1857, Petition for tho annexation of Frodoriektown,sot for henringon tho Kith of March, 18 7. Declined thcpropositionofIl.il. Hunter nnd II. 1. Women, to compromise the claim ot tliocoun- 1 ty against tor, Treusi j row mnncj linstthcm for II. It. Stock sold them. Audi- reasurcrand Commissioners, authorised tobor- mev to moot tho interest duo March 1st, '57, on the County Bonds for the S. Mt. V. A P. ltail road and such other nubilities as the bounty is under for which funds hnvo not been provided. - Jnnuary 13, Messrs. Jennings A Auld dirooted to At tin the Court Room and offices with Book nnd Pa- I per cases, tables, Ac., and to hnvo them ready by tho i room, Ac John Lamb, Auditor, diroctcd to roport tho nmonnt of taxos collected of Knox County Bunk, nnd the manner the samo was appropriated, Ao. February 20, C. C. liaugh, Rcoordor, filed his 1st quarterly roport under laws of 185(1, foes charged $l5'J.09icrlcctcd $152.44iutstanding $8.lij;roquirod him todemnnd fcos in advance, As. Isrnol Underwood, Sheriff, tiled his 1st quarterly report, fees charged 6302.84, collected $156.00, outstanding $20684. Directed Messrs. Barringor A Co. to fit np Court room with gns burners, Ac., in pursuance of a former arrangement ontorcd into in Suiu-morof 185(1, not cntored on the Journal. Eobruary 2, John l,nmh s nond ns Aiuutor, lor if, mi oninniencini? March 1st. 1857, approved. Jns. i fanj submitted W. MoCLELLAND Commissioners of Knox County, 0. jacob bell, john Mcelroy marl 7. FUND COMMISSIONERS EXUIDIT. Tho Fund Commissioners of Knox county, Ohio, in complianco with tho act entitled an net providing for the distribution nnd investment of tho State's proportion of tho surplus rovenuo, passed March 23, 1837, mako tho following report ; Total amount rocoivedfrom State,.' 35,100,70 Intorost paid to the State .-. . 24,862,6 1 Interest now due 124,50 00,087,90 f.itnl amount of Principal paid the State 33,169,05 Total int paid State 24,862,61 Princiial duo the Stato 1,001,74 Intorost duo the State, 12 1,50 80,087,90 Total amount of Principal uncollected,. 5,73(1,91 Total amount interest . ao 3,671,82 9,408,73 Ammint Lianad to Individuals on Mortgage 3,253,50 Amount loaned on personal wort... 2,583,41 S.736.91 Tho fund Is loaned in the respective townships of Knox as rollows; In Clinton township,,... J,60j,00 In Clay do , T.W.35 Inl'lensnnt do "V1 InBroi-u do 2,271,50 5.736.91 Outstanding Principal considered worthl'ss 2,0(7,66 .1,. do doubtful WW do do good 6,551,27 9,108,73 Tho wholo amount of tho principal and intorost unpaid is in tho bands of an attorney, with instruction to enforce oolleatlon as sneedilv as Possible, the principal part being in judgments. No portion of either principal or interest Jias been pnid since tne last settlement. The interest to which the county wasentitted under the law, having been used In paying the principal and Inisrest due the State, tho county will be entitled to all that can be realised out of the monyee ancellected, after paying back to the State the principal and interest duo her as aforesaid. In consequence of the books not showing the true situation of claims that are in judgments, and the wkftblessnesa of a portion of tbeui. Somo of the lateaunual statements do not show the situation of the fund as fully as the foregoing.. All 01 union U Bospeotfully submitted by JOHN LAMB, A. K. f.' j fnarlTi JOHN BEATY.T. li..C, KTOVB FOR BALhV- K SECOyPhsad Vatlot- Store for sale, Cheap. Xlniurre M I I' 7 .1 n. n.. viinuv. March 17 1857, Real Estate and Genornl Agent OHIO MOWER ! MASl FACTI Rm BY BALI, AULTMAN & CO., CANTON, OHIO. Farmers, Take Notice ! r"pilE UNDERSIUNEDHKUEBY NOTIFIES THE A- Farmers of Knox, Licking Franklin, Delaware, Morrow and Marion counties, that himself or his ion will cull on them as fast as they can to recoivo or-dors fur " THE OHIO MOWER. But If any aro passed by who want mnchinos.thoy may write to mo, and one of us will call on them. Tho five hundred sold last year have created a do-ma nd greater than can bo supplied, as only ono thousand can lie mado this vonr. iW Thoso who ordor first will bo supplied' first. To thoso unacquainted with it, the fullest proof of Its superiority over evory other machine, will be given. 1'KiCK $125. Tonus and warranty the eamo as lust your. J. M. ALLEN, Frcdoriektown, marSwlO. Knox County, Ohio. NOTICE. " TITE LATE FIRM OF BUCKINGHAM A CO. lias boon ro-nrgnniicd by the admission of S. L. Taylor, (Into ot Bellcfontuino, Ohio,) and J. C. Outline, ( for some years past tho principal Clerk of tho establishment,) us Partners in tho business. Tho Com. will hereafter bo known by tho nomo of BrcKiNCHAM,UrTON A Co., nnd all orders addressed to them for work in thoir line of business, will bo promptly filled. Thoy will oontinuo tho Mnnufnc-turo of Stationary Steam Engines, Reed's Improved Portable Grist Mills, Thrashing Machines, Saw and Grist Mill Gearing. C. P. BUCKINGHAM,) Formerly Bucking-H. P. UPTON, f ham A Co. S. L. TAYLOR, , J. C. GUTHKIE. BUCKINGHAM, UTToTa CO., aro authorised to sottle up the affairs of the lato firm of Ducking-ham A Co. All thoso indebted by note or book account are earnostly requested to sottlo up without delay. jun 20 Fruit Treri. THE SUBSCRIBER HAS REMOVED TIIE MT. Vernon Nursoryfrom its former placo, ono-half miio east of Mt. Vernon on tho Gambicr rood, where ho expects to kcopu Nursery and Fruit Garden permanently.Helms on hands a lot of Applo Trcos, Peach Trees and Grape Vines, of as good varieties as can be had in Eastern Nursorics ; which ho will sell much cheaper thnn Eastern Nursorymcn. Atthosnmonlnce.isfor suio, a very nno Morgan uorso oolt, 1 years old. IcDluttupia- UAUTON STARK.: DltUAlUIMU AND SClf We liko a (rood story, nnd tho last number of Blackwood furnishes ono ns follows : Some years atro, when all tho world were mad upon lotteries, tho cook of a middle nsod gentleman drew from his hands the savings of somo years. Her master, curious to know the cause, learned that she had repeatedly dreamed that a certain number was a great prize, and had bought it. He called her a fool for her pains, and never omitted an occasion to tease her upon tho subject. Ono day, however, the master saw, in a nowspaper, or at the bookseller's in the country town, that tho number was actually the 20,000 prizo. Cook was called up, a palaver ensues had known each other many years, loth to part, &c; in short ho proposes and is accepted, but insists on marriage tho next morning. Married they were, and as the carriage took them from the church, they enjoyed the following dialogue : "Well, Molly two happy events in ono day. You have married, 1 trust, a good husband. You have something olse ; but first let me know where you have locked up your lottery ticket ? " ' "Alolly," who thought her mastor was only bantering hor upon the old point cried, " Don't you say no more about it. I thought how it would bo and that I should never hear the end on't, so I sold it to the baker of tho village for a guinea profit ; so you need never bo angry with mo again about it." An AITccting Storjr. Thrilling accounts are given in the Marys-villo (Cal.) papers of tho case of two lovijirs by an enraged third party (the pnrient,) who, as wo take up tho story, was following them across tho Yupy river : "Augustus saw the, fury depicted in tho old man's face, and deeming discretion tho better part of valor, mado a dead halt in the road and concluded to surrender, Mary was frantic- Leaping suddenly from her horse, and walk ing around through mud three feet deep, sho gathered her husband by tho legs and dragged htm to tho ground. I hen graspinglum tightly around tho neck, sho shouted to her father who was now in speaking distance . " You shan't part us. Kight hero up to our knees in mud wo will live and die togother 1 " I he old man started back in amazement. " Yes," muttered tho half usod up Augus tus, " wo'U dio riglit hero in the mud." " But Maria my child " groaned tho old man, "aro you notjny daughter still ?" " Yes," was tho reply," "and I'm Ins wue too." "And are you married ?" , " Wo arc," exclaimed both. The old man looked daggers for a moment, closely scrutinizing tho couplo as tliey clung to each other in the mud, and turning his horse's head toward the city, he started off, saying " Tliat'3 all I tmntetl to know. 1 ou can now yet out of the mm! ami cone home 1 " Good Advice. In an article on tho protocal signed at Taris on tho 6th ult., for carrying out tho provisions of tho treaty of Taris which, though only a few lines long, is the work of a twelve-month, the London Times contrives to edgo in this bit of sound sonso. ' "A word to tho Touns. whatever you road, whatever you sec, or hear, or do, at the earliest opportunity reduro it, bo it much or little, to lew simple ideas; a short sketcn, not longer than an epitaph, that it may bo clearly impressed on the memory, without bsing a burded or taking too much room. It is not very easy. Most people run on the moment tliov aro set on a subject it moy aro at an personally interested. They plunge into cir-cumstances, loso their heads, and Ding mas ses of description, narrative, whole documents, dialogues, in a word, the whole thing over again, at their hearers. The great art is to extract tho- essence of a tory and perfume it with a little sentiment good nature, if nothing else. It will tako its place in your mem ory, bo always at hand, and be producible as weil as welcome. - oucn a bcvw must i formed on conversation (indeed what ' good stylo is not? Our Premier has it, and it is the spell by whioh ho holds power. ; A. collection of such historiettcs as that we have before an might easily bo made from his speech es, and would almost make what we want a history of i.ngland to the present timo." LETTER FROM MR. GIDOINGS TO JIIDUE TANEY--TI1E TRUTH OF HISTORY VINDICATED. Wo have just received from Mr. Gidmnos tho following able and interesting lritter.which is the first of a sorics of four upon Judge Taxkv's opinion, and whioh is of sulilcicnt importance to justify the spaco it occupies. Our readers will doubtloss concur with us in think-ing it of more value than tho editorial which it displaces :Ckv. Leader. Kt'MllKlt ONE. Sin : Tho doctrines enunciated by tho Supremo Court in tho case of Dred Scott, if sane-tioncd by tho peoplo, must work an entire change in the character of our government. That christian domocracy which has been our pride and boast for mora than eighty yoars, will bo transformed into an oligarchy unsuitod to tho ago in which we live. If approved, it will constitute a revolution. These considerations aro my apology for addressing you. I do this the more readily from tho fact that we havo both arrived at an advanced age, and cannot oxpect personally to share long in the blessings of free, or tho curses of slavehold-ing institutions. You havo served ninny years in tho Judicial department of government : I havo long boon honored with a seat in its Legislative branch. You were appointed by tho Executivo independently of tho peoplo : I was elected by the popular voto independently of tho Lxecutivo views : I will speak what I believe to bo tho sentiments of my constituents : Tho right of tho pooplo to discuss and publicly scrutinize tho action of every branch of their government : to dismiss their public servants if they think proper, elect others, and if necccssary to the enjoyment of their rights, to altar, modify, or change government itself, has been so long and so fully established, that I will not arguo it. I am sorry to say that the announcement of your decision, simultaneously with the publication of that epitome of its doctrines which constitute tho inaugural address of tho present jcM'cuuve, gives reason to sttnpose tnatan arrangement was mado to send them forth to tho country at a time when Congress was not in session, when the attention of tho dcodIo was uivenuu iruiii me action oi inose wno adminis .1: r ii. ft. , ... ter thcgovernincnt. This suspicion is strength- eneu uy tne delay ol your decision from last year, apparently to avoid popular scrutiny during the Presidential canvass, when the odium attached to it would have been wielded against the democratic candidate. I design tho examination of historical facts connected with two points in your decision. l hose points constitute your ltrst and fundamental propositions. 1st. That the coloted people descended from African slaves, though free, were not embraced nor intended to be included in tho Declaration of American Independence. 2d. That they wero not ombraccd in tho Constitution of tho United States. In doing this, I shall avoid repeating the arguments of those eminent Jurists, who reached their present position through means other than tho favor of the party now in power. I have noticed your decision from different stand points ; and as your first two propositions appear to involve tho duties of statesmen, quite as fully as they do thoso of the jurist, I would fain express tho views which statesmen entertain.Before entering upon the discussion. I would congratulate tho country upon this develop ment ot tne real issuo which has so long agitated tho nation. Conscious that this question of lending support by tho federal govern ment to slavery, involved tho fundamental doctrines of our fathers, I hava long sought to direct public attention to that fact Inciden tal questions and collateral issues havo boon raised, discussed, and nartizan feelings excit ed, while the great truths which underlie thoso subjects haro been passed over in silence. At Philadelphia in Juno last, a convention of high moral and political character, proclaimed to the country as its political platform, the prin ciples announced in tho Declaration of Inde pendence. That party advanced with strides more rapid than any other ever formed in our nation. In the short spaco of five months they carried eleven States, comprising nearly two-thirds of the free population of the Union. But the party opposed to those doctrines dared take no distinct issuo upon them ; and I may bo permitted to say, had your recent decision been published in August last, the present Executivo would never havo reached tho Presidency.That election passed, and now thoso J udg- es of tho Supremo Court, who owe their clo-vation to tho Democratic party, and speaking for it, havo come up boldly to tho work, and meet tho issuo tendered them by tho patriots of 1776, and repealed by thoso of 1850. In pronouncing your opinion you say, " Tho Declaration of Independence then proceeds we hold these truths to bo self-evident that all men are created equal : that they aro endowed by their Creator with certain innliena-blo rights, among which aro life, liberty, and tho pursuit of happiness ; that to secure these rights governments are instituted among men deriving their just powers from tho consent of tho governed," &e. You then add, Tho words quoted would seem to cmbraco tho whole human family, and if used in a similar instrument at this day would bo so understood. But it is too clear for dispute, that the African race teas not intemM to be included. For eighty years the American peoplo havo believed that the illustrious patriots and statesmen, who on that occasion laid downself-evident truths, spoke what they believed, and believed what tliey spoke. And nevor from tho day those truths were uttered, to tho delivery of your opinion, has any statesman or jurist, historian or linguist, charged them with using language which they did not understand, or with using languago which they did not hold. Southern men have charged them with entertaining "extreme opinions "said that the Declaration itself was a " rhetorical nour ish," a " fan taronado of nonsenso." Others have denied its doctnnos : but none 1 believe, over charged the signers with expressing doc trines which they did not intend to declare. But hero rests 1 ho issuo. It involves tho essential elements of our government If the doctrines of our fathors be sustained in tho letter and spirit in which thoy were put forth our government would bcr. , If your charge that " they uttered languago which they did not understand." be sustained, it will bo' a slavo-holding, slave-extending oligarchy. If it be a question, it is one of vast importance. The intprests of the present generation, the honor of the nation, the memory ot our fathors, tho destiny of unborn millions, are concentrated upon it ; and I tremble when I. reflect upon the responsibility of our public men, From your decision I appeal to that tribunal which holds cognifanco over the action of the legislative, the judicial, and executive braaches of government. Tho peoplo must ratty, or repudiate, tho judgment yon havo rondorcd. Their decision will bo final conclusive upon us all. Tho enquiry into tho views of thoso who framed tho Declaration of Independent, is more properly a matter of history than of law; and it is tho duty not only of statesmen, but of ovcry elector, to be familiar with it. Uve. ry intelligent citizen of tho freo States has been intimately acquainted with it from his childhood. H rom the day on which those important doctrines wero nroclaimed. thov havo been taught in our schools, repeated in stories at tno nresido Dv our revolutionary sires. Wo havo road them and repeated that reading during our winter evenings and on Sabbath days, ,.:.':' To arguo to our peoplo that Jofferson, and Hancock, and Franklin, trio Adamses, and their co-patriots, believed that aft men, including tho wholo family of man, are endowed by their Creator with the inalienable right to life, liberty and happiness, would bo as suporflu-ous as to arguo tho existence of a sun in tho heavens. Yet I prococd to cxamino tho proofs on which youchargo those great and good men wun me use ot language conveying ideas which inuy ura noi inienu to express, in approaching tho subject you prcmiso as follows : " It becomes necessary, therefore, to determine who wero citizens of tho several States, when tho Constitution was adopted. In oidor to do this wo must recur to tliw Colonios when they separated from Great Britain, formed now communities, and took their place among tho family of nations. They who wero recognized as citizens of States declared their independence of Great Britain, and defended it by force of arms." ' With this proposition I agree. It is important that we should start from a correct point. Who were they that separated from Great Britain ? who declared their independence ? who defended it by forco of arms ? I answer ttat under the laws of every colony, tho free colored man held the samo rights, enjoyed the the same legal privileges which the freo whites enjoyed ; and such is to this day, and ever lias been tho character ol English laws. Those laws never have had relation to com plexion or color, cither in tho kingdom or the colonies of Great Britain. From the day on which tho Magna Charter was extorted from King John to the present time, tho laws of England has drawn distinction between classes, but never has regarded color or complexion. Kings, Dukes, Earls, Lords, Barons, Free Peoplo, and Serfs, held positions, each enjoying their own peculiar rights ; but never did the question of color or of race, enter into the legislation of England. At the time of promulgating the Declaration of Independence, tho free colored men owed the same allegianco to the British crown which the white men owed. The same act committed by a freo colored Man constituted trea son, as much as though committed by a white man ; he was held amenable, criminally, for tho samo acts and punished in tho same way. He contracted and was contracted with : sued white men and was sued by them, and oniov- cd precisely tho samo protection of govern ment and suticred tho same burthens with tho white men. In evory sense and to every pur pose, they were free subjects of tho British crown, and citizens of tho colonies precisely as tne whites wero. In each of the colonies they had from the commencement of tho agitation which prece ded hostilities, deeply sympathized and participated in the discussion of the rights of tho colonics and ono of tho martyrs sacrificed in tho cause of liberty on tho memorablo fifth of March, 1770, was a black man. Black men entered tho continental army at its first for mation, ihey (ought as bravely, they died as lively as tho white men, and at the time the declaration ot Independence was pro Maimed, colored men who had "descended from African slaves" were serving in the troops of every colony. On the 4th of J uly, 1 ( 1 7, the signers of tho Declaration "appealing to the Supreme Judgo of the world for tho rectitudo " of their "intentions, in tho nomo and by tho authority of tho good people ot these colonies," solemnly proclaimed them "free and Independent States.'' 1 hey declared tho colonics, including ovcry citizen and inhabitant thereof, absolved from all allegiance to tho British crown, and from all political connexion with Great Britain. In doing this thoy did not except tho colored people nor tho peoplo of dark complexion, nor those who had descended from African slaves. Will you or any other man pretend that freo colored men, though descended from African slaves, wero not included in tho term people, repeatedly usod in the Declaration of Independence.It is too clear to admit of argument that ev ery person who had been a citizen of either of tho colonics, becamo instantly, by virtuo of tho Declaration, a citizen or tho Stato. '1 he change consisted merely in substituting tho name of independent States for that of dependent Colonies. And every man in the State owed to thnt Stato tho samo duties the day after the Declaration was pronounced, which ho owed to the Colony on the day previous. Ho held tho samo rights and was entitled to tho samo privileges under the State, which he had previously held under tho Colonial government. By the Declaration thcro was no change in tho relations which persons in Colonies held to each othor or to the government ; and years elapsed before either of the State governments passed any law, disqualifying colored men from voting or from holding oflice. As authority for thoso assertions, I refer you to tho Colonial laws, tho records of tho Colo nial courts, tho decision of thoso courts, to the statutes of your native Maryland, and to thoso of tho other Colonics and States. The between tho Colonics and tho mother country, was based upon tho right of man to self qmermnenl. 1 use the word man m Its generic sense, including all races, complexions and classes of the human family. Tho signers of tho Declaration intended to repudiate the idea of superiority of natural right to lite and liberty held by Kings, Dukos, Earls, Iords, llarons, gentry and masters, ovor the aerts, the Slaves who trembled in their presence and bowed at their feet. . The benefits of. the rev olution were not confined to a particular race, complexion, orclass. Its battles were fought, the blood of our fathers was shed in maintain ing the rights of human natitrt, in defence of principles enduring as the throne of uod, universal as tho family of man. Having thns slated some preliminary con sidcrations, I shall enter upon a further ex animation of your decntion in my next letter. ery Itespoctlully, J. It GIDDIXGS. ft7" The convicts in Kansas art now at largo, but not. pardoned. Their inoarooration hns already cost $2,0O0i Tho Legislature neg lected to nuke any provision for them. The Governor, and those, who had credited the Territorial Government were tired of it A day before they left, thoir rations stopped. Tho' keeper Could not keep them and starve them, so they were turned out, no doubt with the hope that they would leave the country. Selc:i Iftiscellqrijj. MATTESOtf ill. C. AND HIS JURY 'A capital story is told in tho following extract from tho letter of tho Washington cor respondent of tho Hullalo Vmnmerctul, at the exponso of tho M. C, from Oneida county.N. Y., appropos of tho corruption bills passed of lute years by congress : A well-known memljcr from tho central part of your State, whoso connection with those bills has often been made the sub ject of animadversion, recently undertook to repeiii;e imputations .asts upon his character in prcscenco of a largo number of persons, among whom was a lawyer from your city, who was here in attendance upon the Supreme Court. M said ho had been more slandered and abused than any other man, but his constituents always stood by him, he hail been re-elected repeatedly, and every timo by an increased majority. This, ho said, was tho best ovidenco in tho world that tho char ges against him were unfounded and calumi-nious. The lawyer, Mr. R., replied that there did seem to bo the best understanding between tho gentleman anil his con.stituor.ts ; that his hands were probably as clean as theirs, and that if ho had made money, they had no doubt shared with him. Tho gentleman's argument, lie said, reminded him of a case that was tried at Grand Rapids, Michigan, a few years ago. A man who had previously borno a rather suspicious char acter, was indicted for stealing a large quanti ty of pork. He employed a lawyer of considerable local reputation to defend him, nnd although tho alluir had an ugly look, ho was strongly in hopes of gotting -ell' clear ; but when the testimony on bchalt ol tho prosecution was concluded, his guilt was as clear as tho sun at noon day, and his counsel was about to give up tho case in despair. But the pris oner was as cool as acucumbcr, and confident of acquttal. Ho insisted upon the defence being proceeded with. "Have you any evi dence to refute this overwhelming array of testimony t " " .Not a particle." " Then how tho devil doyoucxpocttogetcloar?" '? Never you mind, Squire ; go on with your speech, I shall do well enough." " I tell you this is trilling, nonsonse. Yon acknowledge you stole tho pork, and they havo proved it upon you to tho entire satisfaction of evory man in court. Now, what can I say V" Mako 'em a good spoech, Squire, and I am safe to get off." "impossible; there's nothing to be said." "I hired you, and I intended to pay you, but not a cent shall you havo unless you givo the jury a talking to." Under this inspiration, the lawyer mado a rambling, incoherent address to the jury, in which everything was discussed except the caso under consideration. On concluding, ho whispered in the prisoner's car : " You infernal scoundrel, 1 ought to bo sent to the state prison myself; and what you expect to gain by this strange proceeding, I can't conceive." " I'll tell you when tho jury como in." After a charge from tho Judge, in which his criminality was distinctly asserted and maintained, that intelligent party of the " pal ladium ot our rights." retired lorconsultation and in a short time camo back with a verdict of " not guilty." " What in thunder docs this mean ? " inquired the lawyer of his client " O, I wanted you to make a small fuss to pull the wool over the outsiders, but 'twas a sure thing from the start, for three of themjurymen had some of the ork ! " Black Siamese Twins. An Edinburg paper speaks of a pair of black twins united a la Siamese, that aro on exhibition in that country. They aro inseparable linked together, dos a dot, by tho termination of their backbones. Tho same paper says : This freak of nature is attracting much attention in Edinburg, Scotland, and is certainly ono of tho most extraordinary living specimens to be met with. The children arc named respectively Christiana and Millcy Ma- kol, they are gaily dressed, and Irankly converse with their visitors, and sing to them littlo songs in duct sweotly enough. On the occasion of our visit to them, the stouter ono, in reply to a question, announced that sho is considered tho prettier one, but her sister very quickly put up tho claim of being tho goodcr ono. Although so closely combined, they have their likes and dislikes, and liko other children, occasionally a bit of a quarrel, which they can carry on by hoel-kicking, a fingor-pinching, elbowing, and duncing heads ; but they scum, upon tho wholo, good-tempered creatures, and soon make amends with a mu tual kiss. Ihey are accompanied by their mother "Monimo," who has boon lately freed from tho boudugo of slavory, and the proceeds of exhibition, after paying expenses, are to be applied in rescuing also from the gulling yoke, tho father and tho other sisters and brothers, of whom thoro aro eight. To tho medical profession Uio natural curiosity is mora particularly interesting for various reasons. It may bo mentioned that some of tho viscera are found not to occupy their usual places ; tho heart of ono, for instance, beats in an abnormal position. As to the origin of tho loads, it is a mystery of mysteries. Perfectly Impartial. Old judgo R was in some respects a very remarkable man. Ho was never known to speak well of anybody ; and never sulforcd any ono to bo praised in his hearing without rebuking tho eulogist, and picking some flaw in tho character of tho person eulogised whether it were John Sointnerfield or George Washington. Yet tho judge, though coldblooded, selfish, and illiberal in the extreme, was reckoned a man of sterling integrity in all financial or other business matters, and lor that reason, together with his undoubted good sense enjoyed the confidence of tho communi ty. Ho was for many years judge ot probate in his county, and filled tho otllco to tho satis faction of the public. " How docs it happen. inquired ono of his townsmen of another, " that such a crabbed, ill-natured old cuss makes such a popular judge of probate ?" ' ".Why," replied the other, "it's a plain case enough-it is Owing to tho justice of his decisions. Ho can't help licing perfedlu impartial for ho hates meryMy jtl e-lilie!" The remark sounds liko a juke, but it contained tho real solution of the problem. ; .. . frr What's the uso of it ? Don't worry yourself to death on account of what other neonle may aay of you, as lontas yon know it is not true. Take care of the truth that's your business. . AU falsehoods go to the bosom of their father, the devil, and their fra- mcrs soon follow.' Bo much as to falsehoods of you. As' to falsehoods to yon, and as to every tale the most remotely prejudicial toan-other, treat it and tbe narrator with the utmost possible indifference, until you hear the story of tho other party ; this ouly Is just, and wise, and kind. HOW T1IK MONEY UOE9." J. f). P., tho corrcsiHMident of tho T. Tribune, descrilics tho closing scenes of the 3th Congress. Bill after bill was rushed throtigh with a recklesKtiess thnt could lx equalled no place savo in tho Halls of Congress, Tho following will give an idea of the proceedings f Tho civil appropriation bill, which embraces all promiscuous appropriations, 'and is a sort of omnibus, then came from the Committed of Conference, with about eighty Senate amendments, agreed to by that Committee. Jones, of Tcnn., Perry, of Mo., Stanton, of ()., and Knowlton, of Me., each mado efforts to- havo those amendments read. . But it was denied by tho Chairman of the Committee of .Wavsi and Means and by tho House, and that soltlsh and pusillanimous body, in derogation of its own rights, and in contempt of all legislative dignity and discretion, vntml to concur with fie ry ameiulment tt a lamp, without knowing what was emliraced in a single one of tlwm. excent ono, and that one was for the appropriation of a million of dollars for the Washington Water works a scheme which could not obtain. -as an independent measure, on its present basis. a vote of ono third of tho members of the Uguso in us lavor. I ho decision or the body, thus to swallow this enormous batch of appropriations, without knowing what tliey contiiined, was received with derision, conteuint. nain. and furious temper Among various members. liut tho minority wero too scrupulous to filli- buster, and too feeble to help themselves in any other way, and the whole bill wetit through, under the rurliamentart screws., bv a vote of 37, to 07, within three quarters of ail hour. If the pay of members had not been included in tho samo bill, would it hot havo been defeated ? For this kind of legislation no terms of opprobrium can bj too caustic or severe. It is alike contemptible and disgraceful. The idea of carrying obnoxious measure, like tho stupendous Washington Water Works, for examplo, against the deliborato and declared opposition of the House by fattening them, through the machinery of. Committee of Conference, upon appropriation biljs which the sense of legislative responsibility, or the pecuniary wants or necessities of members will not permit thom to oppose, is one of the most damnable features of Congressional action. It deserves the deepest and widest reprobation. It is swindling by the million, and tho members who are guilty of it. or who will connive at it, deserve to be exposed to universal odium. For the City of Washington .to obtain its appropriation in this way is just about equal, on the score of justice or morality, to ' highway robbery or plundering Uncle S'un's chest with picks and crows. : It ought to fill the mind of evory Memlier of Congress with contempt, as it certainly must with prejudice. In view ol such a shameful mode of plundering tho Treasury it certainly must put every new member especially on his guard against the cormorant aud atrocious grabs of the roO- cral Capital. , . ,. Let it not be said this is an inevitable evil. Tho assertion is utterly false. Would 'the House- but once consult its own dignity, and its own sense of what is duo to - it as a co-ordinate Legislative branch of tho Government, and refuse to pass a bill of such a character, and under such circumstances as wo have delineated, the practico of these frauds on legislation would cease. Let the civil appropriation fail, if need lie. Tho experience would bo worth millions in money, and bo of untold advantage in other respects.' 'in . .13 n ,.3 A LUCKY ESCAPE, t. ,h Somo time ago, a subject was brought nit lg to the Medical College, nt Cleveland' du ring the darkness of tho evening, and thu Professor of Anatomy perceiving by a hasty examination, that it was a good subject paid tho usual price of thirty dollars, tied' up tho bag and directed it to be placed in tho dissecting room, promising the students it should bo carved up lor their ediltcatioit m a day or two at farthest. . , , , During tho lectures on the next morning a tremendous noise was heard from the Tcgion of tho dissecting room, and some of the mora timid students grew pale with terror imagining that the ghosts ol tho butchered subjects. were appearing to take vengeance uion them. or hold their dire orgies over tho remains of their new comrade. Tho clamor still increas ing, somo of tho bolder ones ventured to cn ter the room, when lo ! tho .bag containing tho purchase of last evening was pitching and rolling about, and from it proceeded with a true Irish brogue, the crios of " murther! murthcr! llouly Mother and blessed Mary, deliver me sure I am living, and I am nut dead ! murthcr ! murthcr !" .. ' Seizing hold of tho bag, they tore It Open and beheld a genuine son of Erin, mora frigh tened than themselves, who looked around with astonishment upon the scene before him. iVflcr a while he told thom that the last hu remembered of the preceding day, w is that he was drinking very trcelv at one of the dogge ries under the hill. When do d drunk l e was undoubtedly bagged up aud sold to the Professor. Such was Lis fright that he sob oninly declared ho never again would touch one drop of tho crayther," and the Professor and students, With hearty laughter over tho ridiculous joke, bado him lo take to his heels, and nover again nnd liuiisell brought so near purgatory, by tho device of the ruiutoller. , - i Tho Mothers Appeal.' , .-.a In the Knickerbocker, for January, we Gnd the following touching bit of human nature: In a metropolitan criminal court, eight years ago a poor woman, whose boy hud beuu sen tenced to a long tcnn at the penitentiary, fur some not well proved otteucu, said : "Won't your honor give him a shorter term ? He in a good boy to me, your honor ho always was. I've just mauo nun some nice cuunus, your honor, which lit him beautifully)" (and she looked, as she said this, as only a mother eah look at her boy J "and if you give hiul a Jong timo to stay in- prison, the clothes, won't lit him when becomes out for he's a growing boy." Poor mother 1 sho had saved much (for her) from her scant earuiugs, id clothe her boy "like neighbor's children." He met-ted. The boy wept repented wis forgit eu. And ho is now one of the most promising, enterprising and honorabto young merchants pt our city. Every word of this is true arid known to be so to very many persons. ' ' Productive lslanl. - !rt Lieut. Catesby Ap Roger Jones, an offlVor on board tho United States- stcaih frigate Mcrrj-mac, writing homo to his laniilv from Barbft-does, under date of1he10thof'Fubruary,say in speaking of Ute productiveness of the soil, tu,that the Island in 21 miles Jong by;lt wide, produces annually 50, hogsheads of u-gar, and tho land sells at $BtJO pnr acre. ,H win oe romemDoreu mat mis isiana vu i rendezvous for the negroee fttolen from Virginia in the Ute war with 'Great Britain, Vf Sir Admiral Cockburn and Iim. confederate. The lands of the Island liavc been cultivated by those slaves and their descendants from that timo to tho present day. ,- V ,'W-i ; M v I ,v , i,'i..'. 1 VA: ' SA V'A f .: 'TW?