Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1844), 1844-04-09

              THE OHIO STATE JOURNAL VOLUME VII. CO LUMBUS, TUESDAY, APRIL 9, 1844. NUMBER 159. PUBLISHED ON TUESDAYS, THUUSllAYS AND SATURDAYS, BY SCOTT & TEESDALE. Vrrici corner of High and Town streets, Bullitt' Building, TKHMS. Daily during the session of I ho Legislature, and tri-weckly the remainder of the year, J5 00 Tri-weekly per annum 4 00 Weekly per annum t 00 BUSINESS CARDS. W. A K. TIIO.HASj, A TTOUNF.Y8 asu Couksei.i.oki at Law, Columbus, XI. Ohio, will attend to the business of their profession in Franklin and the adjoining counties. Office on High street, opiiosiio the r rankhn Hank, up stairs. August o. KIJJA1I HACKUM. ATTORNEY at Law, Columbus, Ohio, will attend to any business that may be entrusted to his charge iu any of the Courts in this Slate. Ojfict on High street, over It,,!........, X. IJ;L....,I .k. 1 1..- HIM rnnni mc unaninvti, ATTORNEYS and Counsellors at Law, Columbus, Ohio, will attend to business entrusted to their cnre,in Franklin and adjoining counties. (Mice iu the old Franklin Itank, .,J. b f..i o ID11 WAI.TEU THKAL.I., ATTORNEY at Law and Sulirilor iu Chnnrery. Office on the East side of High street, second door South ol -rvnir. unions' Hotel, iwemner a, in. IIAKVKV eV aKIBKKT, TJOOK niNDF.KiS, llcrancnurl & Ambos's new building, XJ up stairs, High street, opposite the public oinces. John A. Harvey. mnrl7 Wm. Scibcrt. I ITV IIOVHK, B Y' P. II. OI-MSTED, corner of High and Town streets, Columbus, Ohio. may '4J. I. N. WHITIKU cV HlMI(iTOl, TJOOKSEI.I.EHS and Stationers, next door to the Clinton Xi liaiik, High street, Columlius, Ohip. A Inrge assort' ment of Hooks and Stationery -always on hand. HOOKMTOKK AINU ItlMsKKV. CMATTOON, Bookseller anil Stationer, and llookbinder, High street, first door north of Clark's S. Drug Store, keens a general assortment of ltofiks and Stationery. Book Diluting ol every itcscripiion, eiecutra on snort nonce. If. II. KI.flllAI.I., TtDEALER in Boots, Shoes, Leather, Hats, Caps, Hon- XJ nets, Hosiery, Domestic Dry liuods, &.C., sign of thu Uolricn Hoot, High street, Columlius. Maicn I K J. II. WllKATO.tr, DRUGGIST, and J)caler in 1'atent Medicines, Paints, Oils, Dye SiulVs, Glass, & c, Ac, wholesale and retail, corner nt Mih and Jlroau stroets, Columbus, Wluo. KM. IS. NKNHIONM ,s CO. TEALERS in Staple anil Fbiicv Dry Goods, Curtieting, XJ lirocerius, Boots and Shoes, Bonnets. Hats ami Caps, eVe., &c., wholesale and retail, High itiect, 2d Dry Goods lore soutn el the Clmlnn Itank ltKKnV Sc AMKM. 1EALERS in Law, Theological, Classical, Miscellaneous XJ and Sehool Books l also. Blank Hooks and Stationery opposite the State House, Columbus, Ohio. VAX eV KII.II4HK.MC. OP EALERS in Dry Goods, Groceries, Hardware, Driurs nicuicmcs, I'uints, Uus, Uyc Stuns, Leather, ltonts Hud kmiuv, iiii sirwii, iuiunmu.f, nni. t'ri. i. urn. m i . n-.u-i . rv.i I...- 1 inn CITY MVKUV MTAHI.K, IRONT STREET. The subscriber has again establish. . ed himself at this well-known stand. Horses md Car ringes to let, and Horses kept at livery. Columbus, Jan. 1, 11144. .tim W. BARKER. M. Til Oil AN, "noKWARDINO AND COMMISSION MERCHANT, X aud General Produce Dealer, at the While Ware House west end of thu Scioto Bridge, Columbus, Ohio, Advances made on consignments wheu clesircn. H. COJIMTOCK Ac CO. FOKWAUIUNG and Commission Merchants, Traduce 1 ,... i 1 i I i i.l M -.... i ... i i I u . :.. I A. wan is, tiu u.iu vii jiiwiuimmiuai viimi iw.iu, jvr lumbus,Ohio. COPPKIl Aft II TIN WAKK, pEO. J. l'UGII, Copier, Tin and Sheet Iron Ware vj mrutuiaciurcr, iugn street, near town, a gooa assort, ment of Ware nlwavs on hand. J. HIIXitVAV Ac CO.'M 1 RON FOUN I RY , Broad street, near Ilia Bridge, Colunv X bus, Ohio, Stoves of all kinds, aud a great variety ol i ustings, always on hand. net. I, inn lOI.IIIIHla HAT N'I'OKK. JE. RUDISII.L, High street, second door south of the Insurance Company's building, always keeps on hand a good assortment of Halt uid Caps, of the latest fashions. flats made to order. KCMPMIC 1IOIHK. fS BROAD STREET, between High and Front streets. J uysteri ana other lletresnmcnts served op. Oct. 26. ACKKRMAN & PHILI.irS 'rwnrdiBS, Comsniin sift ! rod nee Huinen, rpHE siibscrilerwill continue the Forwarding, Commission X and Produce business on his own account, at the ware r house lately occupied by Gregory, Burr ot Co.; and will con tract to ship Merchandise and Produce to the Eastern cities. Columbus, May 11, lull. C. U. SHEFFIELD. Wl!. HICIIAMD ssil CO. WHOLESALE and retail dealers in Foreign and Domestic Dry Goods, Groceries, Roots anil Shoes, Straw Goods, Furs, Ate. Ate. No. I, Gooilalc's How, High street, loiumnus, Ohio, jan lttt M . A. iWr OV 0 t O. WHOLESALE AND K ETA II. Dealer! in Fancy and Staple Dry Goods and Groceries, opposite the Stale House, iugn street, Vvoiumrius, unio. A NTIin.V VI KM 1 1. .The Aueid of Virgil, with -TY. English Notes, Critical and Lirrinnatory, a Metrical ( la- vis, and an Historical, Geographical, and Mythological Index ; by Charles Anthon, LL. D. Also, a full supply of all of Ambon's Classical Works con stantly tor sale at the HonH'torr nr Dee. 30. I. N. WHITING k HUNTINGTON A HHOW HOOT. HI lbs. Bermuda Arrow Knot xV (warranted i4 to be Starch,) kit sale nt the corner of iugn and lirnad streets. J. It. vv llr.A m,l. IIOOTK AMD aUOES. 7 j case, comnrisinr coarse X) and kip Boots ) do. do. Brogans, Women's Boots, Shoe tees, and Low (tnarters-, Children's shoes of every description; Slippers from 37 ccntt to $ 1,00; Morocco walking ni,, nan uaiiers, nc., just rcccivea ana tor saie, wnoiesaie and retail, encap for easn, oy Oct. 17. WING, RICHARDS A. CO. B'O.HTO('K Ac t o. fir paying the highe. prict m cash for Wheal, Corn, Flax-seed, Clover seed, Timolhy-wed, Flour, Lard, Tallow, Beeswax, Ginseng, Pot nd Pearl Ashes, Bacon, Wool, Fcailiers, and Hemp, and en floor, Bait, Lttmlicl, Bniuglcs, Master, Cement, eVc. V at the lowest price. Columlius, June 13, 1813. TYl'KUV Wi;tS.-Tw(i very suiierior black Buggy Jj Wagons in addition lo former arrivals, jusl received at the While Warehouse and for sale cheap 6r caih. bv Aug,i-ll5. S. THfiMAS. BR A Kit mm Rrua tialha, Mminrla, Jmsn, GirarTes, Ac., direct from bead quarters ; cheap fcircash, iwei.o.1 1.W, KICJIAKlia Ot to. BAt OK-Smoked Hams and Shouldcri lor saie at tho W hite Warehouse, cheap for cash, by Aogmt 2i. s. THOMAS 110I.TMU t'l.OTIIHAa aMrlintnt of geuuiue XI Het Anchor Cloths lor sale, cheap for ca, by Sept I t. VV. A. MrCOY Si CO. "IIAt O.T W AT:.o,OOOIbs. Bacon wanted for X whirh the highest market prica will N imrl in eah by Jun. 10, 1813. r " S. THOMAS. CIIKOUK VKI.I.OU'. 120 lb'. Chrome Yellow, (Orange and Lemon colors,) of the best quality, fur sae ul ihe corner of High and Broad slrceis. Nov. 2a. J. n.WHEATON. c 101'iyKK. 100 Bags green KioColl'ee, jusl received and lor sale encap, ny . j hum As. CA Klm't. Ail assorlineiit of Imperial, Ingrain, Venetian, and Oil Cloth Caniels. will be conslanilv kepi and sold low for cash, by ' W. A. McCOY'ir. CO. CHAPE t hainn and iflnalia de Lninea, of the latest style, tor sale by Sept. I I. YV. A. McCOY & CO. COTTON YAK.V An assortment of short and long skein yams; also, carpet chain, nssortcd colors, for sale cheap, by Sept. !). W. A. AlcCOY & CO. ClOffUK.-60 sacks prime Green Kio Cofl'ee, just re-J ceived at the White Warehouse. For sale cheap by July 23, 1813. S.THOMAS. CONNU.'IPTIOItf. A demonstration of the curability of Pulmonary Consumption, in nil ill singes, comprising an inquiry into the nature, cause, symptoms, treatment, and iircventive of tuberculous diseascs'in gereral. 1vol. 8 vo ly Wm. A . McDowell, M. D. For sale at August 10. DERBY'S Book Store. DANt'lNQ ACAlsKJIV. MR. Y'EO respectfully in-forms the Ladies and Gentlemen of Columbus, that he has takea a room in Mr. Deshler's buildings, near the City Hall, to give lessons in Dancing. Juvenile Classes on Mon day, Wednesday and Friday, from 3 till 5, Gentlemen's classes on the same evenings from 7 till 'J; to commence on Mon day, lAth ol January. January 12, 10U. ENGLISH! and American Clothe and Cniii mvrra. An extensive assortment, just received, and for sale, cheap for cash, by Sept. IU. W. A McCOY At CO. IBKNl II 4 I.OTII and Cniuicre,juilrceeiv-. cd and lor sale, cheap tor cash, by Sept. U. W. A. McCOY &. CO. FANCY CAMSIMUUKN. A new and Splendid Assorlineiit at WINU, KICUAKDS St Co. Nov. 13. JA.nil.K lrXOl'lt, at the lowest market price, coo-X stnntly on hand t the White Ware House, west end fn the Scioto Bridge. ( juuelS) B. THOMAS. FOU MAI. K Pews No. 63 in the Episcopal Church ami IB in the Baptist Church, on easy terms. Oclulter 1!), 1812. B. COMSTOCK At CO. K.NTLK.yiK.N'M IlnW, New Utrlc, Ibis day re- ccived aud for sale low, by May 18. WING, RICHARDS At CO. GlNJIIAJIst,I.AWfHli,cVe. Earlstonc and Domestic Ginghams, Printed Lawns, Bnlinrines, Muslins, e. for sale by, may 4 WING, RICHARDS At CO. KTLH.TIFN'Js Mills Henri, nod Crnvm. just received aud will be sold at reduced prices by May 18. WING, RICHARDS At CO. GHAliT WANTED Cash will bo paid for YVlicat, Rye, Com and Oats, by C. 0. SHEFFIELD, 15 Warc-Houia at the head of tho Canal. G ilTM Hick Milk Mrirf,dark colors, jusl received by Uct.0. WliNU, RICHARDS At CO. HOCK 1X4 4 OA I.. Conl of ihe best quality, in lots to suit purchasers, constantly on hand, nt lowest market price, by C. G. SHEFFIELD, June 15 Ware-House at the head of the Canal. INMUHANt'K. Losses by Fire or Water insured against upon liberal terms, by the long established anil well known Protection Insurance Company of Ihe city of Hartford, Con-nccticut. E. ROIt'ltlNS, Gen. Agent, Cincinnati. Jan- M. J. GILBERT, Agent, Columbus. LAIMJK ii I.AMst ofHuprrior tfunlily for picture frames, filled to any size without extra charge, at the Drug Store, corner of High and Bioail street. Oct. 11. J. B, WHEATON. OOKIX4 lil. AE. An assoriuient of Looking I Glasses and Looking Glass Plates for sale, cheap for cash, by (Sept IK) w. A. McCOY At CO. LA HO oil.. B. COMSTOCK At CO. are now man tifncturing a superior quality of Lard Oil from the best uf slock, and will henceforth be prepaied lo fill all orders on short notice with an article warranted to give satisfaction. January 111. K ATM KK. Hemlock tnnned Sole Leather, for sale by J Sept. H. W. A. McCOY At CO. LAKK UMII. A fresh lot of superior Lake Fish, Trout and Siskawitc, iu barrels aud half barrels, just re-eeivdc and for sale by 8. THOA1 A3. July 2A, UI43. LAKH OH.. Jusl received, in addition to former arrivals, a siqierior article of Lard Oil. July 25, 18(3 8. THOMAS. MAKAKINK Illne Mn.lin dc l.nlnc., all W Ml, jusl received by WINU, RICHARDS it CO. May IB. MKKK D1TII. A new Novel by the Countess of Blcs-sington. jusl received at August 10. DERBY'S Literary Depot. Al'l.li m iUk.-3.000 lbs. of Mapla Sugar, of suiierior quality just received Bud for sale by June 10, 1M3, s. TlIOMAS. NKW UW HOOK-iSTiirHMi' Nisi Prius. Tho Law of Nisi Prius, Evidence in Civil Anions and Awards. By Archibald John Stephens, Barrister at Law, with notes and references to the latest American Decisions. By George Shanwood. Complete in 3 vols. Bvn. Just received and for sale at the Philadelphia price at the store of (Jan. 2C.) DERBY At ALLEN. NKW CiOODM Black, Mazarine Blue and Fancy eolored Alpaca's; Striped and Figured do. a splendid article. Orleans Cloths, Eoliaiii, Merinoes, Ac, a rich as sorimcut, now opening by WING, RICHARDS CO. Oct. 5. No. I, Goodalc'i Row. NKW MTY1.B. Superior Mole Skin and Satin Hats, just received and for sale by. Nov. IB. WING, RICHARDS It Co. NI T.tlK);, .TO lbs. fresh Nutmegs, jusl received and for sale low, at Ihe corner of High and Rroad streets. Nov. 25. . J. B. W HEATON. OATM. For sale by wholesale or retail nl the Whi Warehouse cheap for cash by S. THOMAS. Angust 22. POItTKAIT PAINTINC:. WM. WAI.CUTTwill remain through lh winter in Colombus. He invites the pttblie to call ami examine hi sjieciinens at his room, or Town street. North side, first brick East of High street. Deecmlier 19, 1842. .dtf. PORK. A(D WHEAT WANTKIa. The sub sender will pay the market price m tprcit for any quantity of fat Hogs, either on foot or slaughtered, and also for heal, delivered at his Ware House at the west end of the Scioto Bridge. . THOMAS. Nov. 25, 18l3..2ttw3ww. PHKMCOTT'MKrw Mark CenqneMef ITIeiire. This day received and for sale at Ihe Bookstore of I. N. Whitih As HvnTinuToit, the History of the Conquest of Meiico, with a Preliminary View of the Ancient Mexican Civ-ili7atioti, and Ihe Life of Ihe Compiemr, Hernando Cortes ; by William II. Prescott, author of the History of Ferdinand and Isabella. Dec. 3J. PINK MIII.JI.K". l(10.(X)I'ine Shingli-i of sune-rior quality, jinl received aud for sale cheap for cash, by Sept. 9. 8. THOMAS. KOyiA.w, OK lliltUAIf.lt: f 'F. .nr. NT .For Cisterns, and other uses, a lirt rale article, and warranted, just received from Kentucky Mills, and for sale by May tj,- 8t3. 8. THOMAS. I)IBBN. Fashionalile Bonnet and Neck Ribbons, V just received, and for sale, by Sept. 23. W. A. McCOY At CO. ' MR. BATES' SPEECH ON THE TARIFF. , On tlm Qlut nf 1Vihriin.v tlio Aunntn vnoiiinot tba , constderntion of the following report of the commit tee on f inance: January !), 1844. Mr. Evans, from the committee on Finance, reported the following resolutions: . j litiolvtd, Tlmt the bill entitled "A bill to revive the act of the 2d March, ltvt J, usually called the compromise act, and to modify the existing duties upon foreign imports, in conformity with iu provis- iona," is a bill "for raising revenue," within the mean-ing of the 7th section of the 1st article of the Con- ! stttution, and cannot therefore originato in the Sun ate; therefore Resolved, That it bo indefinitely postponed. Mr. Bates of Massachusetts, rose and spoke about . two hours and a half on this subject It was his purpose, ho said, to present, in a brief and summary manner, his views of the protective system, and to : obviate, as far as he could, the objections urged a- j gainst it. As particular attention had beon paid to Massachusetts by one and another Senator in this I discussion, it would he almost discourteous in him to : .-, ...'. .nt. n . ! n f l.n.A ... ,L n n. '. t . ..1.1 Ln ! lunik iij milieu ui luuau luuinina, Dim Ifc nimiii uc better to notice the topic now than at a more advance! stage of the discussion. The Senator from New Hampshire could not conclude his cluborale and as he cousidercd it, though it was not so intended deceptive and delusive speech, without an admonition to the people of Massachusetts as to her duties to the Union, nnd her interests in relation to this subject. The Senator's admonition would be received by the peoplo of Massachusetts with all the respect that it deserved. The Senator took occasion though not in very good taste, as lie thought to say that the people of New Hampshire were patriotic, and energetic, and enterprising, and that they poured out their blood like water in the late war. Now all this, as a matter of fact, had no sort of connexion with the subject; but, if it was intended as an imputation upon Massachusetts, and to intimate that the people of Massachusetts hold back from the contest in the late war, it was entirely destitute of any foundation in tact The State of JNew Hampshire had less than five thousand men under arms in that war, and tho State of Massachusetts had thirty-eight thousnnd. Massachusetts had a coast of six hundred miles to defend, and tho State of New Hampshire had to protect but one singlo port and a coast of ten or fifteen miles. New Hampshire presented but the muzzle of a single gun in the embrasure of a fort, while Massachusetts defended tho whole coast on both sides of the territory of New Hampshire. Whilo Now Hampshire had but fifteen hundred men in the regular army of the United States during the war, Massachusetts had six thousand. Who were tho sailors who took the Uuerriere, and who won the battle of Lake Champlain? They were men of Massachusetts. If the Senator intended to advert to a difference of opinion on a question of State rights between the Governor of .Massachusetts and Air. Madison, it was not a very appropriate allusion in a discussion of this sort. But he would remark that the gentleman then holding the office of Governor of Massachusetts was a man who enjoyed tho confidence of Washington, who had beon distinguished in the National Councils, and was one of tho ablest and purest men whoso acquaintance ho ever had the honor of making. The honorable Senator from South Carolina, passing over Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware and New York, all tariff Slates, and without stopping to notice Connecticut or Rhode Island, very abruptly, and ho might say rudely, knocks at our doors in Massachusetts, and tolls us tlmt we are robbers and plunderers that wo havo got his money, and that wo are living on tho fruits of his labor. Sir, we have little money in Massachusetts none to boast of and not enough to expose us to the suspicion of having got it unfairly. Wo havo no money that we have not earned by the sweat of our brows that we have not dug out of a rugged soil, or fished up from the stormy ocean, or toiled for in the workshop. We have no money that we cannot honestly account for by our industry by the employment of our men, and of our women, and children. We have not enough to justify the suspicion that we obtained it by robbing others not enotig to justify the charge of the gcntlemnn from South Carolina. If we got the money of tho Senator or of his constituents, and got it by the agency of the protective system, then it was not by any device of our own. The protective system had not its origin in Massachusetts. It had its origin in South Carolina. It came out of the stagnant pool of the South, and had been fastened on the country, and forced upon us of Massachusetts by the South upon us whose employments were of i a different character whose march was upon the mountain wave. Tho South gave us the tariff of 11111 I n.. T . I . ! A..a ff loio ana ion. uy tne act 01 jo to, a uuty ui ;u per cent ad valorem was imposed on cotton fabrics, and 25 per cent if imported from beyond the Cape of Good Hope. The value of a square yard was taken at twenty-five cents, and the duty estimated on that value. The tariff of 1324 advanced the ad valorem duty from twentv to twenty-five per cent, and raised the minimum valuation to thirty cents a square yard. The average rote of duty thus imposed was seventy-five per cent lie had examined tbe invoices and custom house charges under the acta of 18 1(3 and 1824, and had ascertained that the rate of duties was, in many coses, ninety per cent Who put that principle of the minimum valuation into the acts of ltSHi and 1824? Did Massachusetts do it? No, sir, there was but one member from Massachusetts, out of fourteen, that voted for the minimum. Those acts passed not only without the consent of Massachusetts, but against her earnest remonstrance. They passed in opposition to her counsel and against her votes. How was it with the tariff of 1828? The tariff of 1824 wasconsidored as settling the permanent policy of the country, and the capital of Massachusetts was, in consequence of it, transferred, in some measure, to manufactures. About the same time that this tariff of 1824 passed, Great Britain reduced the duty on wool imported into her ports, and the tariff of 1824 did not, therefore, afford the degree of protection to the woollen manufactures which had grown up under it that it was designed to afford. The woollen manufacturers came here and asked Congress to carry nut its original design to render that protection as efficient as it had promised. One would think that a paternal government would hive accorded this without hesitation. But the tariff was remodelled, and shnped so as to render it more odious than ever to the people of Massaciiusctts. It was ny tne votes ol the South by the voles of South Carolina that tho high rates of duty on many articles were established, in opposition to the votes of Massachusetts. The Senator from .South Carolina himself voted against the propositions to reduce some of those du ties. Mr. 11. mentioned molaues, canvass, and vari ous other articles, the duties on which were fixed by the Southern and other States in opposition to the votes of Massachusetts. The tariff of 1828 finally received but two out of the fourteen votes of the State of Massachusetts. He was himself one of the twelve members fjom Massachusetts who voted against it Did it not amount to the supremacy of assurance for the Senator to impute to Massachusetts a system which was forced upon her, and against her will, by the South itself? Lot the Senate and let the country judge between us in regard to this subject.Mr. B. remarked that he differed somewhat from his friends in Massachusetts, in 1824, as to the policy of the tariff of that year. The wars in Europe had ended, and he saw no means of employing the industry of tho people of Massachusetts without engaging it in new pursuits. A rapid and exhausting emigration to the West had commenced. Capital and en-tcrprize, and our best capita) our young men were going to the West Agricultural pursuits at home were of no value. He would now say that he would not take a farm in the interior of Massachusetts or of New Hampshire as a gift, and bo obliged to cul tivate it, without this protective system. We could not compete with the West in produce of the soil. How the case would be with Southern States, let others answer. But Massachusetts would be abandoned unless means were furnished for the employment of her people in pursuits other than agricultural. He differed, therefore, from the views generally entertained in Massachusetts as to the policy of the tariff of 1824. Ho would now direct the attention of the Senate to the character of the protective system. It was argued that labor was the source of all wealth. That was a proposition very little disputed. Any nation to be rich must work not merely in summer and in sunshine but at all seasons and in all weather, foul as well as fair. Its wholo physical ability must be called into action, and be aided by the power of steam, and tho force of machinery, and the division of labor. This is the inexhaustible mine of national wealth labor and it is the only mine worth working. This is the mine for the statesman and patriot to defend and protect It follows that whatever enlarges and diversifies employments must conduce to the profits of lubor. There must be no idle hands. There must be means for employing the whole peoplo.In order to do this you must introduce manufactures: you cannot do this without the agency of capital; and capital will not be employed without a reward; and a reward cannot be obtained without a market, nor a market without protection. Protection must be continued after the business is established, for the purpose of giving it security and stubility; not for the purpose cf increasing prices, but of preventing foreign nations from throwing their surplus upon us and breaking down the business at home. This he illustrated in various ways. If the duty were takon off from agricultural articles, we should hold our market at the pleasure of foreign nations. If England woald permit our manufactures to bo received free of duty in her ports, he would undertake to say that we would greatly depress her business, if we did not stop the wheels of Manchester. When a cup was full a single drop would make it run over. A glut in the market would necessarily reduce prices to a ruinous extent What harm did a duty do on coarse cottons? None. They were yet absolutely essential to tho prosperity of the business. It was as necessary as a fence around a field of wheat; not that it increased the amount or value of the crop, but that it gave it protection. A reward for labor could not, he contended, be received without an adequate degree of protection. Much has been said by the Senator from South Carolina as to the profits uf capital invested in manufactures, and attempts had been made to excito prejudices against the protective system on that account. On this subject he would state it as his deliberate conviction, that the cnpital invested since 1824, in cotton manufactures, had not given six per cent, nor the capital invested in woollen manufactures three per cent. Mr. filcDulfie said he did not wish to put the Senator on the stand, but he would ask him, if he chose to answer, what were now the profits of capital in manufactures? Mr. Bates mado a statement, in reply, of the profits of the manufacturing establishments of Lowell, furnished by Mr. Appleton, of Boston, showing that with all their facilities and means, the profits fell short of six per cent Tho advantages of the system were in the employment given to the people in various ways, in machine making, in building villages, in labor in tho factories; in the employment it gives to women and children in braiding straw, making hats, shoes, buttons, &.c. all through the country. The advantages of the system were also found in the market which it gave to agricultural products; of wool, an immense interest; of cotton, three or four hundred thousand bales of which were imxrted by Massachusetts; of flour, six hundred thousand barrels ol which were imported into Boston: of beef and pork and other products, not only of the agriculture of Massachusetts, but of the remotest extremes of the Union. How was it with the labor of the country before the present tariff was passed? Men stood idle in the field and in tho workshop; but the moment this tariff passed, the country started off with the mettle and rapidity of a race horse. But the system not only gave employment to labor, but it improved the morals and intelligence of the people. It promoted education and general knowledge. It was also favorable to commerce, as he went on to show by various illustrations. But the Senator from New Hampshire thought differently, and had contended thnt the navigation of the country, and of his own State especially, was deeply injured. He would inquire how far the Senator's State was interested in navigation? Mr. Woodbury here remarked thnt he had spoken of the town in which he resided, and not of the State of New Hampshire, in his remarks on the effect of the tariff upon navigation. Mr. Bates went into statements showing the amount of the navigation and commerce of New Hampshire in comparison with that of Massachusetts, and remarked that if the other interests of New Hampshire were not greater than her interest in navigation he did not know what would become of her. The Senator had said that the tax was five dollars a ton on shipping, and argued tint the estimate made by the Senator of tho effect of the tax was much exaggerated. But the Senator said that the system shortened freights, and in that way injured navigation. He had always supposed that the nearer a market was, the better. Navigation was to the country what a wagon was to a farm. A blow struck at the wagon, the Senator argued, would be of more injury than the produce of the farm would do good. But must not the farm be improved in order to give any employment to the wagon? Again, the' long voyage, the gentleman says, gives the best freight To whom does it give the freight? One half of the freights of cotton from New Orleans to Liverpool waa foreign, while the freights of the three or four hundred thousand bales to New England were all our own. The gentleman had fallen into profound admiration of the policy of New England in planting colonies, and promoting her trade and manufactures, and navigation through them. He would himself prefer having our domain in a compact form, from ocean to ocean, to having it, like the dependencies of England, dispersed over the globe, and extending from the rising to the setting of the sun. It has been objected to the system that it tended to ' enhance the price of protected articles. But it was admitted that most of those articles were now much cheaper than they were before they were protected. The Senator from South Carolina contended that they had fallen in price in spite of the duty, and not in consequence of it. Price depended on supply and demand; and demand depended on the ability ot tho people to pay; and ability to pay depended on productive labor. So far as a duty had the tendency to check importation, it would enhance the price; but, while it checked importation, it would bring into existence an equivalent supply, and would keep the price stationary. If it created a greater supply than was equivalent to the amount excluded, it would reduce prices. He illustrated this by taking various cases. The increased price, under a duty, would continue only till an equivalent supply was made at home, and the moment there was an excess of supply, prices would fall lower than thev were when tho duty was laid. The Senator from New Hampshire conceded this when he argued that the system would destroy manufactures by creating too much competition. By this position, he conceded ihe whole argument, just as the Senator from South Carolina yielded the principle of discrimination, when he proposed a discrimination in favor of the poor. Protection was not, therefore, wanted to benefit manufactures by enhancing prices; but for the benefit of the whole country, and all its interests. The Senator had said that it was best to buy where we could buy cheapest He denied this as a general position. The first question was, of whom it was best to buy of one of our own family, or of a foreigner; and another question was the facility and means of paying (or what we buy. The Senator could, he said, buy a coat from abroad for twenty dollars; but he could show that the coat would cost fifty dollars by destroying home production and horns labor. The home produce of wool would be lost, and the mechanical labor would be lost to the country. What could the wool-growers and manufacturers and tailors do at home, if forced to give up their business, while foreigners furnished all our coats? Will they go to farming? Why, sir, tlmt business is overdone already. We produce more than we can sell now. Here he would remark that few coats from abroad would be wanted here; coats good enough for American statesmen or gentlemen to wear could be made at home. When the article was not a product of American industry, and the means of payment were equally facile, then the doctrine would be true that it waa best to buy where we could buy cheapest. It was also argued tlmt a duty on Imports was equivalent to a duty on exports; that a duty on brandy would be equal to a duty on the exportation of ice. Ho went on to reply at length to this. How were we to buy the cotton, if the means of payment were not furnished, by promoting the industry of the country? The Senator asked whether, if the South were a baronial estate, its proprietor would destroy the cotton crop. But would not the proprietor put all the people to work, and so adjust their business as to give occupation to all, and then export his surplus produce? Would he bring home those things that he could make for himself? Would he not rather bring home money with which he could improve and adorn his estate? That was what the Senator would do if ho were the princely proprietor of this vast baronial state. The policy of the country ought to be adapted to its condition and interests. If we were to tell as cheap as other nations, and manufacture as cheap, the laborers in this country must be paid as little, and they must live as poorly, as the people of other countries. Republican government and free institutions were all deeply rooted in this system, and he who destroyed it would extinguish the last light of liberty, and deprive labor of the last gleam of hope from the time that it took up its burden till the time when it deposited it upon its grave. Liberty itself consisted in enabling the people to enjoy the fruits of their labor. It was not only for the protection of life that free government was preferred, but for the protection of labor. It was that which gave to republican institutions its charm. Without it we micrht as well live under a despotism or be born slaves. If poor men were to be growing poorer and poorer every day, how long would it be endured? Ifhey permitted such a night to set in upon them, it would be a night that no morning would succeed. He was delighted to hear the trentleman from. South Carolina say that South Carolina would rival us in manufactures. He did not know that there was not some moral or physical incapacity on her part to go into the business. He was glad to find that it was not ho. While South Carolina thus had a monopoly of the planting business, and equal facilities in manu- lactunng, while she thus had her choice in pursuits, why should the gentleman wish to deny to us the only pursuit that was open to us? The Senator said that the labor of South Carolina was the cheapest in the world, and that the Northern manufacturers could not compete with it Perhaps, if our competition with it was to depend on our living as slaves lived, and working as slaves worked, under the impulses ol the overseer, we should never compete with the South. We should certainly never attempt a competition by such means. All that was desired by the friends of the protective system was, that the Government, in raising as much revenue as was necessary for the wants of the Treasury, should so discriminate as to protect domestic induntry. It was the unbrotherly and unmitigated hostility of the South to this system, which tho South forced upon us, and which we could not get rid of if we would, that had done more than all other causes combined to alienate the tcelings of the people from the Union. A manufacturer could not come hero without be ing laden by the Senator from New Hampshire with reproaches. Since this nystcin was imposed upon ns gainst our will and remonstrances, we have encountered nothing but reproaches and denunciations from the South, and a Presidential election could not come round without a repetition of them. After some few remarks on this topic, Mr. B. concluded the argument of which tbe above is a sketch.