Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841), 1842-06-01

              ill ccliltt 01111 it VOLUME XXXII. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, JUNE 1, 1842. NUMBER 40. 11 ' .1110 PUBLISHED EVERY WEDNESDAY, HV CIIABI.BB ICOTT, Orricx corner of High and Town ilrcoli, Bullies' Building. ' TERMS: Tub ei DoI'Lahs rr.n annum, whirhmay be discharged by the uiyment of Two Dollars and Fifty Cents in advance, al die tlice. Daily Ohio State Journal per annum 5" 00 Jri-Weekly Ohio Stale Journal per annum.... 4 00 AH lelten ou business of the office or containing remittance, muit be port paid. CF Postmasters are permitted by law to remit money to pay subscription! to newspapers. THURSDAY EVENING, MAY 2ti, 1842. FRIENDS OF THE POOR PRETENCES TO DEMOCRACYREDUCTION OF SCHOOL FUND! No small portion of the influence exercised by the Locofoco politician and editor has been acquired by means of false pretences of being the very peculiar, the almost exclusive friends of the poor. Esti mating their regard for the poor by the standard of their professions, one would be led to the conclusion that they were the real Simon Pure Good Samaritans of the age; and that but for their fostering care, the great mass of the people would have been reduced to the most abject state of dependence, if not liter ally devoured by Uie rapacity of the Whigs. But if any one will but take the trouble to examine into these pretensions, he will find them unfounded, utterly empty and delusive, and put forth for the purpose of deception. With professions of ardent love for the poor constantly in their mouths, these men are, in their hearts, destitute of any regard for their well-being. The question with them is, not how any proponed measure will affect the interests of the poor, -but, bow will it bear upon the selfish designs of the ambitious leaders of u the parti ? " Of all the features of the State policy, that in relation to our Common Schools is decidedly most democratic, and in its practical operation most beneficent to the poor. By laws heretofore in force, a fund of two hundred thousand dollars had accumulated, designed and set apart for the education of the youth of the State, including the children of the poor as well as of those who aro comparatively wealthy. This provision had for years gladdened the hearts of the poor, and encouraged them to look forward with confidence to the benefits of a Common School Education for their children, though adversity might frown upon their efforts and otherwise blight their prospects. But these Meanings arc in danger of being scattered to the four winds frittered away and destroyed and that too, by a body of men distinguished for their protestations of their tender regard for the poor! Notwithstanding the sacred character of this School Fund, the Legislature at the last session laid their unhallowed hands upon the trust, and Vandal like, reducfd the School Fund rirrr thousand dollars! Thus have these men, pretending tube, as it were, steeped in democracy " and love for the poor, by one fell swoop of theirs, plundered this fund of one-fourth part of its entire amount The following is a copy of the sections of the Act to which we have adverted. What think the People of Ohio, and especially the friends of popular education, of their provisions, by which the system is virtually abandoned ? For it will be seen the ar rangement is not temporary merely, but designed to be permanent and perpetual. And who would think of looking for such provisions, in an act bearing such a title f It is a fraud upon its very face. Read it and then talk with your neighbor about iL AN ACT Making Appropriations for the year 1643. Sec. 11. That the apirrcgate amount of State Common School Fund for distribution, be and the same is hereby reduced to one hundred and fifty thousand dollars ; and that so much of the third section of the act for the support and better regulation of Common Schools, and to create permanently the office of Superintendent passed March 7, 1KW, as conflicts with this section, bo and the same is hereby repealed. Sec. 12. That all acts and pnrts of acta heretofore passed, inconsistent with the foregoing sections, be and the same are hereby repealed. March , l&M. DORR'S SWORD. During the late excitement in Rhode Island, Uie redoubtable Gov. Dorr, in addressing his parti tans after his return from his recruiting rendezvous in the city of New York, drew his sword, (which he said had been presented to him by some burning patriot,) and flourished it ntost valiantly. He told his gaping auditors "it had been dyed in blood and he was ready to dye it in blood again, in defence of 'the people's Constitution.1 " W hen the hour came, however, he was overtaken by the Utter part of valor,n and used his heels instead of his sword. Now as Uiis sword can be of little further use to either party of the Narragarwett folks, we suggest Uiat it be presented as a trophy to the gallant Major William Allen, of the United States Senate, It would be a fit return for his exertions in the cause of Uie insurgents Tho sword of a coward to a brawling demagogue. REMINISCENCES. No man in Congress speaks with more interest to Uie hearer, than "Uie old man eloquent" Jonn QuitfcT Adams. And Uiis is very natural. Hccan scarce remember Uie dsy when his own personal in terests were not closely blended with Uie interest of his country. From his youUi up, he has been her faithful, able, indefutigablo servant ; and no man living better understands Uie interest and Uie history (and particularly thodiplomntic history) of Uiat country', than ho docs. In his frequcntspeakings in Congress (for he uses Uie old man's privilege) he often lots fall most interesting incidents of Uie past Of this character is tho following sketch of a debate which recently took place in Uio House of Kepro-senlauves, on a proposal to allow Christopher Hughes, Uie Charge d'Affaires to Holland, a full outfit The amendment of the Senate to strike out the appropriation u for out tit of a charge d'affaires to Uie Republic of New Grenada l-VO," and to insert ' for outfits of charges des affaires to Sweden, Belgium, and New Grenada, and hnf utfit to charge d'affaires to Holland (15,750," being underconsideration-Mr. Adams had moved tn amend tho amendment of the Senate by giving a full ouUit to tho charge to Holland. And the pending question was on the amendment of Mr. Adams. Mr. J. R. IiiflmH msondiidi "I wjiwtU fore Uie adjournment yesterday, Mr. Chairman, to inquire of the gentleman from Massachusetts w bother the motion ho had made to give Uio charge d'affaires to Holland a full outfit had been considered by Uie Committee on Foreign Affairs, and received its sanction. I take Uie liberty now to ask for information on Uiat point Mr. Adams replied that Uie Committee on Foreign Affairs had authorised him to make Uie motion. He observed, however, that it was but candid to state Uiat one of Uie members (the gentleman from Georgia) opposed Uie measure. Mr. A. gave an account of Uie operation of Uiis rule in his own case, when minister resident at Uie Hague, and subsequently appointed minister plenipotentiary to Portugal, (in which case he was allowed half an outfit) and when minister to Prussia, in which case he m no wit tit whatever. This continued till tho case of Mr. Murray, who, from being minister at Uie Hague, was sent to negotiate a treaty with Franco; he had been allowed but half an outfit ; but was dissatisfied, and on his return claimed a full outfit as of right, which claim was allowed by Mr. Jefferson.From that day to Uiis the practice had regularly been to allow, in cases of transfer, full mi t tit. Mr. Hughes had as strong, if not a stronger claim to this allowance man Mr. Murray had in his day. His right was as good on pqiiitahlo grounds as on tlie irmuiid precedent He had served for ten or twelve vears in other foreign stations, and had al ways shown himself a faithful public servant as Ml. A. had no doubt he over would, so long as he was en trusted with public duty. In point of justice and fairness ho was entitled tn a full outfit It was too mall a business to cut off halt Uie on! i nary allow. .a or granted in all other cases. This gentleman ad been at Uie Hague net ore, in ircfli Mr. a. nan Lived a particular request under the band of Uts of Holland himself, that Mr. Hughes, then a , might be raised to the rank of a full minister. This waa at a time when the friendship of the King of Holland waa of more consequence to the United States than it ever had been before, or was likely to be again; that monarch having been appointed umpire between the United States and Great Britain on the question of the Northeastern boundary. In consequence of the request of tho King (not indeed made officially, but in a way that had equal force with mm) Air. A. nua nominated Mr. Hughes to uie Senate for the appointment of full minister, but it was during the last session of his administration. Tho Senate took care to reserve for his successor the appointment of all the persons they could post pone, not acting on any oi his nominations, or on very tew. Gen. Jackson did not nominate Mr. Hughes, and when tho question of the boundary was submitted to the King of Holland, as umpire, all knew what Uie consequence had been. Without saying a word to the disparagement of Uie minister sent, Mr. A. would only remark that he was wholly unacquainted with the language, and of course his personal intercourse at Uie court must have been very narrow and confined; and he had not, in Uie personal feelings of the King, that powerful source of influcunce which Mr. Hughes might have wielded for Uie benefit of Uiis country at Uiat important juncture. Mr. A. reminded Uie House that he had manifested a disposition to reduce Uie number of our missions abroad ; but, after a conference between the Committee on Foreign Affairs and Uie Secretary of State, they hod concluded to support Uie estimates from the Department without reduction. He UiU"ht that justice to Uie individual, as well as true economy in uie puuuc exjjeiiuiiurtB, rvquireu umi nu ouch slight should be shown to Uiis gentleman as the reduction of his allowance to half Uie usual amount GEN. JACKSON'S FINE. In January, 1815, a fine was imposed upon Gen. Jackson, for some arbitrary act of Uie Old Hero, in making the civil subordinate to Uie military power-by some folks thought to be in derogation of Uie Constitution. After a lapse of twenty-seven years, some politicians of Uie Byington calibre thought to make capital out of Uiis tine, and got up memorials to Congress praying UiutUie fine be remitted. This has aflorded a fine Uieme for declamation in Congress and out of Congress : and the subject was finally disposed of in the Senate of the United States on Thursduy last We quote from Uie Intelligencer of Muy 20 : The bill to refund the fine imposed on Gen. Jackson was then taken up, the question pending being the proviso offered by Mr. Henderson : 44 That nothing in tho act shall be construed so as to give any expression by Congress as tn the legality of tho proceedings of Judge Hull in inflicting the line, but as an additional expression of Uie estimation in which they hold Uie achievements of General Jackson in tho defence of New Orleans, and Uio service rendered by him and his companions in anus on Uiat occasion." The amendment of Mr. Burrow, and accepted by Mr. Henderson, was to the ellect that nothing in the act should go to impeach Uie integrity of the citizens of New Orleans, or any portion of them, during the invasion of Uiat city by the British forces or that the judge, in granting Uie writ of habeas corpus or in any subsequent proceeding, did any thing not consistent wiUi his duty and warranted by Uie laws of Uie United States. Mr, Allen rose and spoke some time in favor of Uie bill and against Uie amendments. .Mr. Sevier desired the question to be divided. Mr. I' ronton thought, with the Senator from Arkansas, Uiat it would be as well to divide Uie qucs-Uon.Mr. Barrow then wiUidrew his amendment, which met with the hearty concurrence of his colleague, Mr. Conrad, boUiof whom spoke on Uie occasion, and Uie question was then taken on the original amendment of Mr Henderson, and decided in the negative, as follows : Yeas Min. Barrow, Itatf s, Bayard, lVrrien. Clayton, Conrad, Crittenden, Kvnus, (indium, llrnilenww, Aluigiim, Mrrrirk, Millrr Morrht-ad, porter, Frcttus, tioiiuions, Hrat;ite, White, Wnodhridjre UK rB Morv Atln, A Hut, Bagtty, Benton, Buchanan, Ca.huun, t'uihlrrt, Fnllnn, Kmc l.mn, MrRrttxrii, H-vht, Hmith, of Conn., Mmitli, nf Indiana, Hiurat-on, Taan Walker, Wilcoi, William, Woodbury, right. Young fti. . The question was Uicn put " Shall Uie bill be en grossed i" when Mr. Archer rose and addressed Uie Senate against Uie hill. Mi. Dnyard mane mmnt ousottoimm, ana uuwrtw an amendment which he Uiought would reconcile all lillcrcnces. it was to strike out all alter Uio enact ing clause, and to insert "That there be remitted and refunded to General Jackson, out of any money in the Treasury not oUicr-wise appropriated, the amount of a fine and costs imposed upon him by Uio District Court of the United States for Uie District of Ijouisiaua, for an alleged contempt of Court, with intercut, at Uie rate of six per cent per annum: i'nvuM, alwaiit, that Uie act shall not be construed as an expression of Uie opinion of Congress upon any judicial proceeding or legal question growing out of tho declaration of martial law by General Jackson during tho defence at Now (means. The question was taken on the amendment of Mr. B. by yeas and nays, and decided in tho affirmative, as follows: Yr. Mmn. Barrow. Batn. Bayard, Brrriwi, Oaytna, Cnarad.rnitt'nilfn, trani. (irnlinm, llrmlvr", HunluiKlon, Muguin, Mrrrirk, Miller, Morrhi-ttd, Purer. Hives, 8. in muni, Hmiiol Indiana, Hiragtie Ttillmmtge, WluUi, uutUindge Nats Messrs, Allen. Arrher, flash. Benton, Buchanan, Calhoun, Cmlls, Cuililtcrt, Fullitn, Knit:. I.nut. Mrlloherls, Sier, Hmnh, of ('nun., Hwrjmn, Tan. Walker, Wilcoi. Williams, WoodlMiry, Wright, Yuuus 1. 1 he question was then taken on Uie engrossment Mr. Tall nmd ire desired the yeas and nays, which were ordered, and stood as follows: Yrs Mewrs. Harrow. Bavard. Ilerrien. ("avion. Cos rail, Kvsni, (iraharn. Ilemlefvi'n, Maugum Mrrnrk, lfter, predion, Hives. Htniih, of Indiana, Sturgeon, Tultniadgs, Wno.it.rKie if. ftiiwa Mrsrs. Allen. Archer. Bnibv. Rates. Benton, Ru- rhnnan, Calhoun, rnitrmlen, CuihKit, fr'ulion, King, I. inn, M Kolwru, MtlW, Morrhrad fi virr, fiimh, ol dun-, Tan-pan, Walker, While, Wikoi, Williams, Woudlwy, Young So the bill was lost So the friends of Gen. Jackson refused the bill re- funding Uie fine and costs with legal interest, unless it be coupled with an mplud ernjiire upon tho Judi ciary of Uio United States! A very motrsf request, truly. THE FREE AND SEAVE STATES. Virginia in l?.K). contained 74H;Wltf and Now York ni0,4 inhnbiuiita, Tho Stale of Virginia is (4,-000 square miles, while New York is hut 4i,04H). The latter, howovor, has increased to , -ricvrji, wnue Virimiia now numbers but h'-iftt.TW persons, of which, 448,! ? being slaves, leaves only an effective population of '.HI.HIO. This is not all while Now York is rapidly increasing, having grown from l;i7'.i,UPJ in rX to nearly double that number in 1H40, Virginia has only increased fmm IJJUVI?.) to 1C,?.i7. In Uio last ten years sho has added but Rci, while New York has, in tho aatuo period of time, added .VXuM to her pop ulation. If Virginia, in 171-,0, had been a free State, her rich and extended territory and temperate climate, her abundant mines and minerals, and numerous rivers and waterfalls, would have attracted from Now Eng land the multitudes which have emigrated from her unfruitful soil to tho Western States, and Virginia, inatead of hnvintr. as sho now has, a free population of only TlKj.HlO persons, would probably have had :t,(XK,000 or 4,000,000 of free people. This numer ical dillerenro of Tree people is not, however, a true measure of Uiat lm which Virginia ha sustained by Uie existence of slavery, because in a slave state such are the economical and moral evils of slavery, that white labor itself is not half so productive as Uie la bor of white men in a free State. One reason for this is Uie disreaiiect and contempt in which manual laborers are held among the slaveholders, whatever msv be their origin or complexion. The lands in the old slave State are of not much more valuo than prior to the revolution, nor can even their low existing value be maintained, if, as we contend, slavery is unproductive. But the lands in Ohio, New York and Pennsylvania, with the impmvernents resulting from free, intelligent and economical labor, have nxn tenfold in Uie prices Uy bore thirty years agu. The products of Uie single State of New York might on comparison, be found equal in value to tho aggregate products of all the slave Stales on Uie seat board from Virginia tn lotiisiana. The ineonw of a country will be proportionate to Uie amount of capital and physical labor which it has at command, and the skill and economy applied to labor and capital The slave States are blensed w ith many advantages of soil, with climates, though unhealthy, favorable to Uio growth of important staples but Uey are destitute of capital in comparison with the ires States, and their labor, from cause to which we have adverted, namely, Uie slavery of Uie blacks, and the idleness of Uie whites, is wproductivt- Boston CoMnrr. Correioondunce of the Baltimore American. RHODE ISLAND MAINE. New York, May 21, 84 A.M. From Providence we learn this) morning Uiat Dorr has taken refuge in Uiis city. Tammany Hall will be a fit resting place for him. This is all Uiore is of interest for "little Rhodv" seems -o be entirely re stored to quiet again, Uianks to Uie gallantry of Gov. King and his associates. A slip from II allow ell, Maine, of Uie 10th, states that Uie Legislature met Uie day before in good spirits, and a committee of 9 of the Senate and l!i of the House were appointed to consider the Governor's Message. They voted unanimously to choose Commissioners and give them full potcers. Four Commissioners will be chosen, two from each political party. Even tiung, says the slip, is as ii should be. From the Boston Atlas, Extra, May 11. ARRIVAL OF THE ACADIA. The Royal Mail Steamship Acadia, Capt Ryrie, reached her birth at East Boston, Uiis morning, about 5 o'clock, from Liverpool May 4th, having made her passage Irom that port, including her stoppage at Halifax in HI4 days. Bv her wo have received our files of London and Liverpool papers to Uie morning of the 4th inst, inclusively. J he V roccedinirs of Parliament do not tumish much of interest or importance. The only important indication from its doings during Uie fortnight pre ceding tho sailing of the Acadia, is Uie probability that all the Government measures will ultimately pass both Houses by decisive majorities. This is shown by the overwhelming votes by which all the motions of Uie opposition to defeat and delay them have been put down. The Overland Mail from India and China had brought dutes from Bombay to March 1st, from Can- lahar to tho loth ol February, and to Uie J 4th Irom China. The news shows no material change in the state of affairs since our last dutes. The trade in the manufacturing districts continues in as depressed state as ever. More confidence it was expected would be inspired in the trade gener ally as soon as the amended tariff went into full ope ration. I here had been some disturbances amongst the workmen in the mining and manufacturing districts, which originated in the attempt to reduce the wages of their labor, timet had, however, been completely restored. the accounts ot the speculative business doing in Cotton, at our lust nccounttt, hud entirely subsided, and it had hud no effect in placing prices pcrmnncnt- higher- 1 here hit if been a rise ot d. per lb, on e lower qualities, and it had receded the same du ring the furt night, and was at the extreme point of ilenrcsijion that it wus bctore the extensive sales took pin co. Good and fnir American descriptions were not abundant and generally the extreme rates quoted at the lust arrival were easily obtained. In the middling and inferior qualities a decline of full ftd. per lb. is quoted. Flour was Is. lower per bbl. Money continues plenty and easy. NEW YORK CUSTOM UOUHE ROtiLT.RlKS. "Oliver Oldschool," the Washington Correspon dent of Uie Philadelphia United States Gazette, dishes up forty pages of Mr. Poindexter's report in Uie following style. What a scene of v illumes does this report disclose! Let the people read and ponder, ,nd call loudly for reform. Are they willing to be fleeced in Uie style described by Uiis report, and bear it with patience? I slated in my Inst letter how a certain George A. W assort, public storckeeiier, Ind, in three years, re ceived $14,4:J0 92 for enrtage and labor, without producing any vouchers to authorize the allowance of this sum, or any other; besmes a salary ot vUKfUper annum, largo sums of money for attending trials at Baltimore and I'hiladelnnia,coai tnKen irom Unit be longing to Uio Custom House for his own use, goods abstracted from Uie Public Stores, and Uie labor of men employed and paid by Uie government I also told you how Uiis man charged government from firo toyfoe dollars a load for carting good, when merchants and others only paid trom thirty-one and a tourtn to fifty cents per load, hauled Uie same distance, each package hauled by his cart being charged as a load, though six, eight or ten packages were taken at a load. 1 lua is one nt the frauds practiced upon the "nvcrnment I believe l.aWstatud Uiat this honest George A. VVaason was continued by Mr, Curtis, precisely as he had Dceu pinccu by Jesse tioyt; mat Uio same extravagant anil fraudulent Ptmrges for cart- 1 U-i-l i i br Hoyh wore continued under Mr. Curtis, with a fuir Knowledge on his part, of the outrageous prices charged. Believing your readers, and the public generally, will have been made sufficiently acquainted with the char acter of this Mr. Wasnon, hy Uie slight notice I have taken of this transaction, I shall dismiss him, to take up and look at The amount of money expended for stationery in the various departments of the eto torIt Lustom House. Namely nine months ot UUO 50,1)17 W HUi 17. "HO 7 m ii-.i.i ni three " li-H 8,1 m Total, in jiirt three years, j.'ilim Z Average, year, $17,iH 4vi Comparative prices of stationery under Jesse floyt,nud E tieard Curtis, and the nutrlrl rnlue in the eitif of Atuj iorktasshotrn by the testimony of Davul telly an old and respectable stationer ArtirUi. Prktt wmlfr nyT. Cmrlit. Marktt rain. CaOi book, quires, f 'Jt $11 W llondhouk IA Jfit 6 00 i 1inMitt hook, Id qmm Itil M I!' .VI Muraoaih.lwoouanrct,.l; 12 to U per ream 7 00 Severn! other books same prices. Abstract paper,... J( lOil io Jl H none. " 47 AO " liih-nor 70 80 " ft 00 " smaller sise... 10 " II 00 Pencil, per gmur. . .$1.1 lo i.l 15 to '21 !' 10 Tw, per fio I'J lo 18 U 6 OU Wafers, per pmntl I 7S 1 AO tiO Wai, iM'r pound I 74 t 40 74 tfand, per pvrk, 5-1 to 3 M 3 K4 These comparative statements are made from Uie vouchers furnished to the ConuniMioners by Uie Auditors of the Custom Hoi wo. They were made, not comi deration of Uie amount of expenditure, but to exhibit a fair specimen of every other expenditure, great and small, in Uie Custom House, lor a series of ant years, Thero was expended, for books, stationery, and firinting, during the last quarter of Mr. Iloyt's Col-ectnraliip, including twenty days which Mr. Morgan was in office, and a few days before the second quarter, Uio following sums for tho subjoined articles: For nUnV Honks Mieel Vn, am) a lew (mlU,... Irf-ad I'tiwil. f'ooUcap and lml Awt . JI.A77 no ,. I ,.(-' AO . til II HI .. 414 7A ttJ KH .. W.H AO AO 00 41Ui IO ,. M'.t U) M (O ,. 8.U1 10 ,. It.) to ,. lift W ,. i ni 67 ,.S",7i m itcoott ami Kvi'kw Paper,.. Letter Psim Ihitwing, raKr,. lane Whn and Was,., H.m.t lllanks , Knives, Ink Hundrics,... Total "Thiannnrmrtu num. aava Mr. Poindexter Elands charged on the books of the Custom Hntise in tho ahort spice of three months, of which $5,4 Hi II were debited to the collector's and storekeeper's olli-ces, in which Uiere were employed seventy-nine clerks; making an average of $i5 77 per annum lor stationery tor each person attached to these olh-ces. There were, during Uiis quarter, one hundred and thirty-aix reams o hmlscnp and letter paper ordered and supplied for the use of Uio Custom House, which forms a mrt of the aggregate sum as shove stated. It is evident that so large an amount of stationery could not have been required for any legitimate purpose connected with tho business ot Uie several departments nf Uio Custom I louse, to be used in the snort spaco ot three moiMlis, and thcretore, the greater portion of the articles purchased must have passed into Uie hands of Mr. Curtis, who succeeded lo Uio office of Collector about the close nf Uiat quarter, or have been fraudulently abstracted from Uie Custom House, of which no evidence was given to Uie Commissioners t but in the accounts and vouchers rendered by Mr. Curtis in Uie second quarter of the same year, being the first quarter after he became Collector, Uiere is charged, for disbursements in the purchase of stationery ordered and received ny him fur the collector's ottite alone, $1,751) 75; for the appraisers, $118 50; for Uie storekeeper, $Wi rJ7; for inspectors, $'M 50 ; for tho store in Washington street $H) 5ti; making inUio whole, Uie grand total nf $l(MM'i IK) for tho stationery alone, during one half of Uio year 1841." "The single item nf steel pens and quills, of the latter of which but few were ordered, and Uierefore scarcely worth mentioning, amounted, during the three vears of Mr. Hovt's administration of Uie Cus tom House, to the sum of $tk,'i55 Hi! The price of these pens, charged in the bills rendered and paid by Mr. Hoyt, ranged frnm the minimum of nine dollars per grow, to the jrwm'mum of twenty-two dollars per gross, Uie larger portion being of the lower class, which are in general use for clerks, both mercantile and official. The depositions of David Felt, K. J. Kno, and Josiah I lay den, who are large dealers in Uie article of steel pens, are referred to, to show Uie standard price per gross of Uie descriptions used at the Custom House. If purchased in boxes, which is Uie most convenient mode of supplying clerkB (the cards being entirely useless,) it will be seen that Uie first class uf "Gillot's" Magnum Bon urn pens, or pens of equal quality, could be supplied in Uie New York market, at four dollars fitly cents per gross on the card, or one-half Uiat sum in boxes; and what is de nominated Uio " commercial pen," at two dollars per gross on the card, or one dollar fifty cents in boxes. Taking the average of these prices, end considering Uiat nineteen-twentieths of the pens supplied to Uio Custom House are of Uio latter class, it will appear that, at Uicse rates Uie sums appropriated by Mr. Hoyt while he remained in office would have supplied Uie enormous quantity of 4o"417 pens, making an average of 144,071) per annum, to be distributed among about one hundred clerks who are constantly employed in writing, or an average of about 1500 pens each per annum." The report states that Mr. Eno offered to supply Mr. Hoyt such pens as he paid nine dolls a per gross for, at one dollar fifty cents per gross; but he declined the offer so decidedly, as to prevent a repetition of it "It may be asked why particular individuals are allowed and paid at rates ranging from nine totwenty-two dollars per gross, for pens, for the use of the Custom House, where an offer to supply like articles at one dollar fifty cents per gross is contemptuously rejected and shunned ? The undersigned refers to the volume of evidence taken by the commissioners to demonstrate Iho fuct, which,in the absence pf clear proof, might well be doubted,' that Uiis and numerous other cases of favoritism, so gross and palpable that none can mistake it hnd Uieir oriirin in a nstem of fraud on the public Treasun to promote the tnttrests oj stirata partisans, vtto couia be retxea on Jor ejtctent services in popular elections. This conclusion is strongly enforced by the mfss of evidence taken in relution to Uie existence of a Custom House tax, regularly levied und paid, in ad vance of elections for city officers, for Governor and Representatives in the State Legislature, for members of Congress, and for President and Vice President of the United States, during the whole period of thettvo precrdintff adminittrattons of the Federal G'o ernmrnt. This tax was grnduiitctf on a scale corres ponding witii uie salary received by each olticer and the inqiortance of the pending election, and a refusal to pay it was immediately followed by removal from office. It will also be seen, by tho report of the Surveyor and other evidence, that numerous officers of tho Cut) ton is were absent from duty, cither by the express permiMsion of Uie Collector or without censure from that officer, for weeks and months, prior to elections, lor no other purpose thun to influence voters, and lend their aid in Uio success of candidates favorable tJ tho party in power, while their salaries as officers of the Government, suffered no diminution in consequence of their absence from duty." Mortifying as it is, to be obliged to expose such conduct in a high and resjwnsible officer of the Gov ernmentconduct which reflects so much disgrace upon the country, the commissioner states that duty leaves him no alternative, and that the facts stated are established by a chain of testimony which to every impartial miiiu must be conclusive. "The same system of wasteful extravagance is seen in evory article falling under the denomination ol stationery" During Mr. Iloyt's three years of official service Uiero was paid the enormous sum of $tf ,(7 14, or an average of J8,7.?2 !W per annum, for blank books ! As will bo seen by the table above given, books which could be supplied at $1!) 50, are charged at Some Uiat a'O worth only I1 1, are charged at S'0 those clmrged at $l are rated at yii; and so on In Uie bills remit red hyO'Hcrrand others, Uio article of writing sand is clmrged at tho rate of from t to 1 SO per peck, and in some cases even higher; when it was in proof hy the despo-sition of David Felt, that he supplied the same, if taken by Uie bushel, at K'J cents per peck, or 50 eta. per bushel; and if taken by the single peck, at "15 cunts ; ami at these rates ho states Unit his profit would be two hundred per cent. "During Mr. Hoyt's time, three years, there waa paid for writing sand, Uie sum of $'.'0 US, which, at Uio customary rates, would have purchased 404 buxhets, . It sppears, too, that Mr. Hoyt purchased "abstract paper, or bluc-liiid. Knirlij-rr-twipwrisl" TUNMl, nuMi is charged in OMlerrs bill at the rate of from 1C0 to $144, (one hundred and forty-four dollurs!) per ream; its valuo being in New York, from (IIO to $17 50 per ream. "Impost book paper, which it worth f 15 per ream is charged at from $70 to 0 per ream i and demi, worth $11, at $ 10 per ream. The Commissioner states that all Uio supplies for the diatom Homo were furnished at second hand by certain favored individuals who hnd an opportunity of purchasing Uie articles at prices even less than those mentioned as their market value, and who of course, made an enormous profit " This system of favoritism, so inconsistent with Uie pulilic interest and fair-dealing, was uniformly extended to the most violent political partisans, who earned the favor by their devotion to Uie hand from which Uicy received if Mr. Marshall, in addressing the ladies of New York on Temperance, read the Card addressed to him by a Lady of Williamsburg, published in Uio Richmond Whig. Tho Reporter states i Mr. M. was evidently deeply affected by the perusal of Uiis letter.! It, said lie. I had sunken in this cause until 1 had racked and shattered every none in my irame, i wouiu not murmur II J receivcu lor my reward one such triumph as Uiis. An sged mo-Uier, to me an entire stranger, pouring out the deep emotions of her soul over a beloved son reclaimed from ignominy and death through my instrumentality ! I tremble when I think Uiat Uiere niny be some who will meet me at the bar of God, ami plead that they fell through my example, in tho reckless days of my youth. I tremble when 1 reflect on these Uiings, for there is nothing like cold water to bring a man to reflection. What must not Uiat mother have undcrgono before she would write such a letter as that ! I too have a mother, and if she knew a man through whom I havo been plucked as a brand from Uio burning, how would her prayers go up for him to Uie Uirone of (iod, night and day! A nil sho does offer up her blessings to Uio Most High. She writes in her letter to ine Uiat she considers my reformation as Ui rough the direct agency of God himself, and her voico is raised in continued praise and Uionksgiving to tho Father of Mercies. Oh, to be instrumental in doing just such good to others, I do believe 1 would quit Longrcss, the bar and everything else, and just turn circuit rider and preach throughout the country (cheers.) Oh, I do love Washingtonian, I love all connected with them, I love the society to which I belong in Comrress as well I havo a right to do and whatever of honor or famo I mny receive in tho service of my country whatever of earthly good or happiness I mny receive in all coming time nil, all, shall I give as the meed of this pledge which I wear here next my heart Groat cheering. M K8S RS. WISH AND STANLEY. Tho public has been already apprised that Uie difficulty bctwocn these two gentlemen has been settled, by Uie intervention of friends. We havo learned mime particulars of the settlement which it may be interesting to state. In uie challenge which was sent by Mr. Stanly to Mr. Wise, Uie former stated Uiat tho collision between them on Uie race courso was occasioned by Uie unmanageablenesa of his horso and not by design. Tho friend of Mr. Wise, Uio lion. Wm, t ost Johnson, accepted Uie challenge on behalf of his principal, but, in doing so, with a commendable desire ol restoring a good understanding hetween Uie parties, took Icavo to suggest Uiat, as Mr. Stanley's c ha lien 're was pre laced by an explana tion of tho occurrence on the Race Course, if it could be withdrawn, an explanation might be given on tho part of Mr. Wise, w hich would render further hostile proceeding unnecessary, or something to uiat etlect. The challenge was accordingly withdrawn for that rui.tvuA anil Mr Wiu tn writlnn rfuiininitiBti..n expressed his regret at the occurrence and apologised for it In this state of Unngs, Uie friends of the parties respectively did not think that either of them was bound to prosecute Uie altair further. lialiimort American. SnMrriutfo rw ujidkr thk Si ji. A now eno-my to Uie cotton planter hsB made its appearance in Panola and De Soto counties, Miss in Uie shapo of innumerable imi'Ii, which oat up and destroy tho plant commencing with the leaf, and ending their repast with Uie bud. They are apparently tho common aitcd snail without a shell, such as may be found adhering to Uie bark of trees in wet weather. Several entire cotton plantations have been ruined by Uiom. Earth qiiAKR at SrA. The whaling barque Wil-wood just arrived at Now lied ford, experienced a shock nnUieU5th of April, accompanied with a noise nwcmbling Uiunder, The ship was shaken as it was passiug over a coral roof. FRIDAY EVENING, MAY 27, 1642. AMUSING. It is truly diverting, now Uiat Uie Rhode Island War is over, to observe Uie mocJt-Aroic which was got up for the occasion by distant Locofoco editors, and forwarded to inspirit Uie malcontents to deeds of violence and treason. These messages of mischief would have provoked other emotions but for a consciousness of their utter impotence, and a knowledge Uiat the occasion which called them forth had gone by before they could reach their place of destinaUon. But they should nevertheless be filed away in Uie archives of fun, as favorable specimens ofpot-valiant vaporing in this the nineteenth century, and in Uiis "enlightened republic." Why reader such " threatening and slaughter n as they breathed, would have been a caution to Saul of Tarsus, when he set forth for Damascus. The way Rhode Island was to be revolutionized, and Capt Tyler taught a lesson or so in Uie rudiments of "Democracy, tcanH slow, no how. They were quite willing that some scores of I their fellow-citizens of Rhode Island should earn themselves a halter, provided always that in so doing Uiey would contribute to the political capital or even temporary advantage of UieBe disinterested patriots. So when the crisis arrived Uiey " Cried havoc ! and let slip tho dogs of war but Uie curs having no relish for dancing without a platform, consulted their own safety and ran out of harm's way. By Uie way it may not be improper to remark, Uiat this affair of Rhode Island, which has enlisted so much of the sympathy of the "pretended Democracy " in oUier States, seems to have had no manner of connexion with national politics, at home. We seo among Uiose who sustained Uie old charter throughout this controversy, and denounced Uie whole course of Dorr and his associates, Uie names of some of Uie most distinguished supporters of the administration of Gen. Jackson, and who adhered to, and shared Uie fortunes of Uie fallen dynasty of Martin Van Burcn. RIOT IN TROY. We learn from the Troy (Ohio) Times of Wednesday, that that town had been Uie scene of tumult and riot for the three preceding days. Two men, named Armstrong and Williams, had been arrested on separate warrants issued by Justices Kiefer and John ston, charging them with assault and battery, in having pelted with eggs Uie Speakers at a Temperance meeting in an adjoining township. Mr. Hart, the Prosecuting Attorney of Uie county, was one of the Speakers bo pelted. They were recognized before the magistrates for their appearance at court were in dicted by the Grand Jury tried by separate juries and each fined $15 and costs and sentenced to ten days imprisonment on bread and water. Up to this stage of the matter Uieaffairhad produced very little excitement Shortly after the imprisonment, an unruly feeling begun to manifest itself, and a numerous mob was collected, intent on releasing the prisoners, or demolishing Uie jail. The Sheriff was upon Uie alert, determined to discharge his duty ; and to aid him in this he had secured Uie aid of Uie military and of citizens. The mob entered town late on Sat urday night Two military companies were soon under arms, and ready for duty. A parley ensued between Uio leaders of Uie riot and the Sheriff the former asking a discharge of Uie prisoners, and the latter peremptorily refusing it The mob was finally induced to disperse until Monday. On Sunday evening a meeting was held in the Court house, and preparations made to resist Uie mob should Uiey return as Uiey had threatened. Thrco volunteer companies guarded Uie jail through Uie night, and in the morning two others arrived from Piquo, in obedience to the requisition of Uie Sheriff. When Uie Court met on Monduy morning, a petiUon was presented, praying Uie release of Uie prisoners which the Court very properly refused to grant. The town woe full of people- The -Piqua companies guarded the jail on Monday night and Uie mob having dispersed,) returned to Uioir homes on Tuesday. The whole affair seems to have terminated in a complete triumph of the civil authority in which Uie friends of civil liberty ought greatly to rejoice. FEDERAL PATRONAGE. It is thought by some and wo have before us a communication from a highly respectable gentleman in Northern Ohio, detailing facts tending btthesame conclusion that President Tyler has established in Uiis city an Agency, for dispensing Uie patronage of i Uie federal government in Ohio. But Uiis is a mat ter which we can nciUicr affirm nor deny. We give Uie naked suggestion, Uintthe people may note "Uie signs of Uie times," and form their own conclusions from their own observations. It is said in Uiis same connexion, that Uie recipients are required as a condition precedent, to patronize a certain newspaper establishment somewhere inUiose parts, Uie proprie tors of which are said to sustain some relaUons of affinity to the tenant of the White House. But of all Uiis turn mi recordo. SENATOR A LI. EN '4 MNULOIUOUS" RETREAT. Our readers have heard of Senator Allen, and of his "eloquent" speech on Uie Dorr War. But thoy may not hear of his Dorr retreat, wherein he almost out-Dorr' d Dorr himself. The correspondent of Uie Statesman, under date of May 17, the day after Al len's speech was discharged,) writes thus in relation to it: "The Senator Allenl apprehended no difficulty from the trained bands of Uie President He dared not interpose the U. Slates troops to put down the people. Let him try it Ho Mr. A.l would tell the Semite, at he had told the President, fact to fan, that in viow of the consequences, Ac dure not try U. The grent people would not suffer it He forewarned Uie President against the issue of such an interposition, sum Bunion inn cu mm J uesiSL From Uie Baltimore American of Uie same date, we glean Uie following item, in reference to Uie same matter t Mr. Crittenden of Ky. rose, he said, not to contin ue Uie discussion, but to ssk the Senator from Ohio a question, which was, whether ho had said to Uie l'resident thnt he tfnl no( dare to srnd troops to Uie State of Rhode (aland. He wised to know Amrfa I'rrsment received such a threat from tho Senator. Mr. Allen wished to chantro he nhraaeolotrv a lit- Ue, and said now that he had told tho IVidcnt tb it such would be the consequences of interfere), o?. Ie would make no further explanation. Mr. Crittenden said tho gentleman was welcome ro ms explanation. It teat very dijfertnt from Ku tun-OLDEN TIME. We have on hand for to-morrow's Journal the or ganization of a Home League, by Uie members of the tonnnental Congress, in 1774 near two years before Uie Declaration of Independence. It is a curious and interesting document, showing what our Whig fathers Uiought of Home Manufactures and r roe trade. Ma. Van Burkk has addressed a letter to his mends in St Ixniis, in which he says he hopes to ar rive in that city by Uie 10th of June. He will return nnme by tho way of Uie Upper Lakes. Unetniwm uazene, Jiuy Well Uiis is in character with Uie Ex -President's political life rather on the tigtag order from Kin- derhook to Nashville from Nashville to Lexington Lexington to Cincinnati Cincinnati to St Louis St Louis to Chicago and Uience rib "parts unknown" to Kinderhook. NEW YORK AMPHITHEATRE. We are well assured Uiat Uie Zoological Institute and Circus, advertised to be in this city on Uie 7th and r3Ui proximo, will afford one of Uio richest entertainments of the kind that has ever been offered to this community. The collection of animals is not only extensive, but embraces specimens boauUful of their kind. The voracious Condor Uie enormous Boa Constrictor and beautiful Giraffe will challenge attention in the crowd. The gymnastic exercises are Uio admiration of all behuldort and Uio equos- trian performances are not to be excelled in this country or in Europe. They have never failed to at-track crowded audiences wherever Uiey have sojourned; and Uie gentlemanly and obliging deportment of Uie Manager and those in his employ have earned for Uiem the most flattering commendation. U. S. SENATE RHODE ISLAND DIFFICULTIES. Correspondence of Ibe Baltimore American. Washington, May 2H, 1843. Mr. Tallmadge of New York gave noUce Uiat he should introduce certain resolutions as a substitute to those introduced by Uie Senator from Ohio. The Resolntiuns were Uien read nearly as follows: Resolved, First, That by the Constitution of Uie United States the United States is bound not only to guaranty to every State a Republican form of Government, but to protect it both against domestic violence and foreign invasion. Resolved, Secondly, That Uie form of Government with which a State came into Uie Union, and lias been recognized and represented as a member of Uie union must be taken and regarded as republican, and Uiat such State is entitled to all that protection against invasion and domestic violence which is pledged by the Constitution of the United States. iiesolved, thirdly, lhatUieliovemmentotaotate so coming into Uie Union, and so recognized as a member of it can only be changed or suspended ennsisently with Uie principles of our American Republic when it is done in pursuance of, and in Uie mode prescribed by the laws of such State, and that any attempt to overthrow by forco Uiat Government is disorganizing and revolutionary, tending to anarchy and bloodshed, and, in the end, to the destruction ot Uie 1'ublic Liberty i and is such a domestic violence as entitles the State hy her Legislature or Executive, when Uie Legislature cannot be convened) to apply for and obtain from Uie United States, protection against Uie same. Resolved, Fourthly, That the application made by Uie Legislature of Rhode Island, one of tho old thir teen, to Uie President of tho United States for pro tection against domestic violence was within the meaning and terms of the Constitution, and thut it was the duty of the President to take such preparatory steps as a wise and prudent forecast demanded, and to adopt such efficient measures as aro contemplated by Uie Constitution, and Uio laws mado in pursuance of it for giving such protection. Mr. Allen asked Uie Senator from New York tf he intended those resolutions should bo adopted as a substitute to his own. Mr. Tallmadge responded afTirmntively. Mr. Allen moved to print the Resolutions of Mr. Tallmadge, and his own, to which they were a substitute.The motion prevailed, and Uio subject was passed NEW ORLEANS BANKS. From a Correspondent of the Cincinnati Gazette. Nr.w Orleans, Mny 17, HI2. Yesterday, seven of our Banks, the Bank of Ijoiu-siana. Union, Canal, M. and Traders', Carrolton City and Commercial, resumed sM?cie payments About $ 175,000 was drawn from all the above named. The State Bank of Louisiana and the Consolidated Banks agreed on Saturday evening to resume also, but yesterday they backed oat, and with the citizens, refuse specie payments. The notes of these three Hanks are at a discount of 5 a 10 per cent, and should they not resume shortly, will no doubt fall to 20 a '5 discount In h;iste, Yours'. KENTUCKY BANKS. The paragraph below will bo read with great interest by all our readers. We felt assured after the movo in Louisiana, Uiat Uie Kentucky Banks would not delay tho resumption of specie payments much longer; and what say our Indiana friends? We really hope they will resume at once. A prompt movo would do them no harm, and add to their business reputation: for their ability is unquestioned, CVn GtrifZc. Louisville, May 33, P. M. We have no alteration to note in the money market except as to Uie New Orleans Banks. All of Utcse but the Citizens' having resumed on Uie 14th, their paper has much improved, though we are not ablo to give a quotation. Some have supposed on Uie authority of letters, Uiat two or three other Banks declined resumption; but Uie truth is, Uiat all resolved to resume but Uie Citizens' Bank. One of the Banks ol this city commenced paying specie to-day in full, and the others, though they do not announce it are, we believe, paying all tho demands actually made upon thorn. ijuuisvUle Journal, A Fact. Tho ready wit of a true-born Irishman, however humble his station, is exceeded only by his gallantry, A few days since we observed a case in point A sudden gust of wind took a parasol out of Uie hands nf its owner, and before we had a chance to recollect whether it would be etiquette to catch Uie parasol of a lady to whom wo had never been introduced, a lively En te raider dropped his hod of bricks, caught the parachute in Uie midst of its gyrations and presented it tn the loser with a bow which reminded us of poor power. MFaith ma'am," said he as he did so, u if you were as strong as you are handsome, it would'nt have got away from you." " Which shall I Uiank you for first the service, or your compliment ?" asked the lady, smiling. "Truth ma'am," said Pat again touching Uie place where once was a beaver, M that look of your own beautiful eye thanked me for both!" If that hod carrier will issue proposals to "tache Uio jontale," we'll do his advertising gratis and head his list of pupils. He has a genius for Uie thing. Brother Jonathan, ERUPTION OF MOUNT VESUVIUS. The following account of an eruption of Mt Vesuvius is taken from Dr. Mott'b recent book. It waa written by one of Uio companions of his travels, but it was interesting to us, and we think will be found so by our readers. The date of Uie eruption is not mentioned in tho book, but wo believe it occurred some five or six years ago. About 6 P. M. of the following day we started for Vesuvius. A ride of six miles brought us to Ho-sina, where we took horses and commenced the ascent We had a guide, and there were five of us in company, with a bluxing volcano in our faces. "Our horses, though spirited enough, went very reluctantly; and as we mm red Uie lava they would turn and run down tho mountain, at Uie imminent risk of our necks. Whips and spurs again brought Uiem back. The scene was now Uie most animating and exciting imaginable. I defy Uie most vivid imagina tion to depict what was now presented around and abovo us. Tho night was dark as Erebus, so that the immenso sheet of spouting fire was brought into bold relief against the sky, while the torchlights around us (those who carried Uiem being invisible) were not the least animated part of Uiu scene. M We heard tho shouts of men whom we could not see. A river of lava was rolling towards us at Uio rale of two and a half miles an hour so we wore told as also Uiat it could not touch us under any circumstances; neither of which statement could or did we believe. The thundering noise above us increased, so Uiat our horses would no longer carry us; and such of us as were not already Uimwn off here dismounted, and stood on ground which burned our feet though armed with Uiick boots for Uie occasion. The earth grumbled and so shook beneath us that one of mv companions, in stepping from one rock to another, tell three feet wide of Uio mark. The cry now was that Uie lava was crossing the road beneath us. We knew Uiere were other means of getting down without going hy tho road, and were not to bo frightened, though most of our party hem left us. Wo who remained now started for the iVrmihrge, jumping from rock to rock, or. rather, cinder. All upon winch we trod had been thrown from Uio crnier in the present eruption, though at this moment Uio wind carried everything to the opposite side, towards Torre del Greco. Slow progress did we make; and on a sudden ascent of 100 feet or so, wo were not a littlo frightened tnfijid our farther advance cut off by anothor stream of lava, 1 should Uiink about twenty yards wide. Here was a damper: nothing but red, glowing lava before us. Wo had no other alternative than to retrace our steps, with ashes now blowing in our eyes, from a slight change of wind, and with the farther indications also of cinders, some of which were as large as chain-shot. After much consultation, wo dmibtingly placed our feet on the partly cooled stones which had been wnshed down with tho river of lava over which we had to cross. Wo succeeded to admiration; and, with boots burned up and canes reduced to cinders, with Uie perspiration dripping from every pore, wo found ourselves on trra firms, and again surrounded hy the more enterprising English, French, and Italians here congregated. 44 We were now about one and a half miles from the crater nf the volcano, two from Renins, and half a mile frnm Uie base nf Uie cons. Secure in Uio companionship of Uiose around us, we stood hero till late in the tiiirht wntchinir the over-varied t'utiu of Uio mass uf tiro Uiruwn up from Uio mouUi of tut crater, presenting Uie most terrific spectacle I ever Deneia. "Sometimes Uie noise was nearly deafenintr : then it would die away to a hissing sound. When Uie stones were sent up the most, there was a sound like a blacksmith's bellows to compare a mountain to a molehill. We now again mounted our horses and descended to ReBina, racing it nearly the whole way. we arranged Uie dollars and cents witn uie guide, aguin took Uie carriage, and reached Naples at dawn. Alter a lew hours rest, sharing to Uie lull in uie universal excitement, we again set out for the burning mountain ; took horses at Resina, and our guide, the well-known Hal valor, as on the previous day. Ono of tho more enterprising of our party was per suaded to mount a dashing-looking quadruped, on Uie assurance ot his owner that he would beat all uie rest. As soon as Uie boy let so Uie bridle. Uie animal commenced a scries of manoeuvres, such as it would be difficult for any other than an Italian horse to imitate. He tipped up simultaneously fore and an ; he kicked up and came down upon his knees ; plunged and jumped sideways like a goat At length Uie girth broke as well as Uie bridle; and just as Uie ri der, though an expert equestrian, had lost all power over him, he concluded to stop. Half a dozen ragged rascals now iumncd forward, and. putting ropes over his head, held him till his rider dismounted. After putting all things straight, they had the impudence to urge my friend to get on again, assuring him that it was only a playful way Uie creature had. Any- nody eiao, we umiK, wouiu nave oeen inrown ai uie risk of their necks. A capital substitute, however, was now round in a hue animal which Uie lluecn-dowager of England had ridden a few weeks before in her ascent to the mountain, and with which addition we now got under way. We verheard Uie rascally lazaroni marvelling much Uiat the gentleman did not get his neck broken, as the horse was a notoriously vicious animal, which even Uiey Uiemselvea never ventured to ride. The owner, however, had the modest assurance to demand money for his services.11 We passed over the lava which had crossed Uie rood the night before, and which was now hard on tho surface, and in that shape of indurated, partially metallic matter culled obsidian. Not without much urtring did our horses do this, treading quickly on Uie Htill heated mass as if Uiey were walking on coats of tire, len minutes brought us to the other side ol this petrified river, and a farther ride of a mile brought us to the Hermitage, which we were unable to reach tho night before, and which we found occupied by three or four monks. Here we took a sedan for one of the party, who was injured in the race wo took down Uie mountain Uie evening previous, A ride of a mile over a road now covered with cinders brought us u the spot where horses can go no farther being at the liot ot the cone ot Uie crater where we dismounted. Ten or a dozen ragged fellows had ac companied us thus far, and now urged us to take their sticks, ropes, tc. ; declining all wnicn, one ot I he party and myself, with no oUier information Uian to keep near Uie lava, commenced the steep ascent "The volcano was yet in violent commotion, not emitting lava, but everything else in enormous quantities. It was up two steps and down one for half Uie ascent, when we gladly gave our overcoats tn the boys, and accepted all Uie assistance Uiey could give us. We stopped every fifty yards or so to rest and admire Uie noble view of the city, bay and islands. Summoning all our strength for a last effort, wc reached Uie top of the cono, as thoroughly tired as I ever remember to have been. But wo were amply repaid for our fatigue by the glorious scene before us. We were now standing on Uie ridge of the crater formed in the eruption which over 1800 years ago buried Herculancum and Pompeii. For a hundred yards before us was a level plain, covered with rocks and cinders thrown out in Uie present eruption, while beyond, at Uie distance of ViO yards from where we stood, was Uie volcano itself, emitting fire, and smoke, and stones, in masses wholly inconceivable, even to the beholder at Naples, 'i'he smoke was so dense and black Uiat it appeared as if we could cut it. The bursting of Uio atones and the forked lightning through Uie mass of smoke, visible even under Uie broad glare of a noonday sun, strongly reminded me of one of our most terrific Uiunder-atonns. The spouting masses of vermilion-colored fire was to be liltcucd to nothing Uiat we had ever beheld. Tho showers of small stones and immense nicks were not Uie least frightful part of Uie glowing picture before us. "One by one the party now came straggling op tho mountain and stood beside us. Three of us of the more enterprising, with the guide, determined to cross to the new crater; and off we started on Uiw most nub and headlong undertaking, the guide following cautiously far behind. We now stood upon the very innermost verge of the new crater, funned during Uie preceding week, and, looking into Ute horrid aliens, saw Uie fire roll down Uie sides to Uie red, agitated sea of lava beneath, A fall of a stone or cinder would remove the earth from a spot, and thon the tiro would show itself beneath, and, in some instances, boil over and roll down the sides within. The lava has not in this, nor ever in previous eruptions, overjtowed the tops of Uie mountain; but, after boiling and throwing nut earth and rocks for several days, and Uio various forms of ashes called tufa, Uio sides of the volcano within are in some places worn to a mere shell, when Uie hot molten liquid finally bursts through and runs out like a river, gradually enlarging Uie aperture, until it forms a deep cut to the summit or lips of Ute cone. The wind blew strongly tn our backs, and kept the allies and cinders from falling on us. The were Uirown towards Torre del Greco. The stones, too, for some Ume, were projected in Uie same direction. GeUing now more and more confident one or two others of uie party, who, with Uie guide, had all lagged behind, gradually arrayed Uiemselvcs besido us. As the smoke for a moment cleared away and revealed Uie wonders below, one of our companions was so affected that I thought ha would faint He soon recovered himself on shutting his eyes, and made a hasty retreat, not once stopping or looking bock till be had achieved the long descent of tU-mountain. MeanUme we were placed in a tryiiig situation. An opening from Uie oUier aide of Uie crater suddenly commenced sending up a cloud of stones and rocks, which came direcUy towards the spot on which we wore standing. Some of Uicso missiles were propelled to Uie height of 'J000 feet in the air, and I Uiought Uiere would bo Ume to avoid them by a hasty retreat This intention the terrified guide stopped by his violent gestures we could not nenr his voico) ; and, following his example, we ato4 still siiiid Uie falling shower, and, with eoa in the air, dodged Ute rocks and sUiiirs successively as Off fell. It was ute -ni. to run, fc inure fell be land thaa before us. None of us were injured, though thrsi were pieces of rock a large at a bat which Ml within a few feel of ys. Now Uiat Uiere was ro opportunity, from a slight fntertniMton, we sc y breathed, in our rsmd retreat, till we found ourselves bs yund danger. - u A bat? h air spent the outor crater, which we had now reached, gave one of our party and myself courage again to approach Uie volcano, though Uiis time we bad none to accompany us, and Uie guide called Uiuse around to testify that he would not answer for or hold himself culpnblo in Uie rash act wo were about to undertake. Again we stood where none had stood before us in Uie present eruption. Long did we watch tho clouds of smoke and fire ; Uie former tilled with forked lightning, and issuing in such mosses as to obscure the bay and city, funning one dense, black line of clouds as far as Uie eye could reach. The sun had a sickly glare, and was for Uie most part now wholly invisible. There was not now Uiat sound of thunder, which had become familiar to us, but a hissing noise almost as deafening as the former, resembling Uiat mado by Uie wind when violently forced through narrow aperture. These explosions had the old accompaniments ot' cinders, ashee, rocks, snd lava,thouglt, providentially, they did not happen to fall on our aide. " e again retraced our steps to Uie outer crater. and, stopping a moment to rest on an immense rock, which had noapucaratfeof heat were badly burned before we could rise from our new position. This resting-place, which we had incautiously chosen, could not have been thrown out more than two hours. 1 horouirhlv tired. I threw mveelf on the uhes. Those who had not boon frightened down the mountain did Uie same, and called for Uie f cHeras we had brought along for dinner. Ibe boys cooked cinrs in the ashee near us. Bread, butter, wines, and grapes lonnea uio ioiic ensemnieoi a capital repast, we were jut congratulating ourselves Uiat our appetites went satiated, inasmuch as Uiere was nothing more to eat hen we were brought to a sudden stop by a shower of stones sent towards us, and covering Uie Klace when we had previously stood a tew m mutes .Mote, on the inner crater, with one solid mass of rocks. One of these storms fell within four feet of where wo were just finishing our dinner. It was as luge as a hat, and half buried itself in tho sautL Thi bomb trom tno regions of 11 uto was rather too much, and we descended the cons of the mountain s little quicker than it was aver done before, and. mounting our horses, we soon found ourselves in Rt hi no, where the carriage awaited us; seating our-selvos in which, we reached our hotel in Naples a they were lighung Ui lamps.1 : j