Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841). (Columbus, OH), 1846-04-15

              WEEKLY TATIRN A 1 JLII VOLUME XXXVI. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, APRIL 15, 1846. NUMBER 34. PUBIJKIIKD KVKKY WKIIMKSDAY MOKN1NO, BY CIIAKLKS SCOTT & CO. Office in tlie Journal Building, south-east corner of Higli street mid .Nutfiir alley. TER MS: Tiinf.r Dollars per annum, which may bedisrhnrged by the payment or Tw IJollabb in aitvgnre, ana iree 01 niMlmw. nr nf nnr rnntnL'n to Auontjt or (Jolluctnrs. 'J 'ho journal is also published daily diiritiK the session of the I.pRiiinturo.aml ttince a wiifiK trie rainantoeroi uie year lor jfb ; and three tunes a week, yearly, tor 1. TIUHKDAY EVENING, APRIL , 1840. p" We are under obligations to Hun. Mr. Bhrrip, of the Semite, for ft copy of the memorial of A. Whitney to Cong rem, Asking a grant of public laud for the erection of a Railroad to the Pacific ocean. A map designed to convoy an idea of the route and of tho advantage of the proposed location, accompanies the memorial. We are also indebted to Messrs. Sen kick and Del-Alio, of the House, for speeches and docutncnti. U. 8. Hotel. A new house bearing this name has been opened by Col. Oi.mstf.d nearly opposite the stand formerly occupied by him and known as the M City House." The new house opened by Col. O. will make one of the best establishments of the city. It is capacious and is being fitted up in an admirable style, at a heavy expense. Ashland County. County Heat Settled I There lias been a very ardent contest in the new county of Ashland, to secure the County scat. The towns of Ashland and ilayesville were the competitors, and full tickets were nominated by each, without particular reference to the party preferences of the candidates. Both tickets were composed mainly of Locofocua. The question, under the act of the late Legislature, was decided at the township elections held on Monday last. A very large vote was polled, and vast amount of labor was expended in the canvass. The Aslilandcrs triumphed by a majority of(xH,aswe learn by a slip sent to a friend in this city. Thecoun ty seat will, therefore, lie located nt Ashland. The vote stood thus: For Ashland 2,(i.-5; fur llaycsvillc 1 ,;)!!. Thus it will be seen that nearly five thuutitnd votes were polled. Considerable of ft county, that Ashland. Military Paraihs. We were much gratified at leeing the new military company just formed in this city (the Montgomery Guards,) on parade on Monday last. They appeared to much advantage. Their uniform is well chosen, as neat and appropriate as any wo have seen in the Slate. They manoeuvred with the skill and accuracy of a veteran corps. Long life and ft brilliant career to the Montgomery Guards. Our beat wish is that the Government may have no use for them, and that they may remain Uie pride of the home service. They were accompnnied by one of the German Artillery Companies of this city, with their beautiful brass field-piece. The latter looked as if it coulu talk eloquently for the German's adopted land. This company acquitted itself creditably, and tendered military honors to their compeers in arms in ft manner creditable to their spirit and feelings. 1i.li.ksi or Jokfh Vance. Mr. Vance passed through this city a few weeks since, on a visit to his family and friendi. Wc have not yet seen a notice of his return to his seat in Congress, and receive now through the Washington correspondent of the Philadelphia North American, the first intimation of the painful cause of his protracted absence. Although under the new system established session before last, we have not seen ft notice of the fact given below in Kven if carried on with anything like legitimate inraus any of the papers of his district, we fear the state, and weapons, sueh a war must signally fail ; but when The Kidnapping Case. Wo mentioned a few days since that a requisition had been forwarded to the Governor of Kontucky, for the surrender of Forb and Armitage, the persons on gaged in kidnapping J r.'y Phinney, a colored citizen nf this place. The requisition has been placed in the hands of Win. Johnson, Esq., an able and energetic lawyer of Cincinnati, by the gentleman who received it at the hands of the Governor with the expectation of being able to proceed to Frankfort himself with it. Mr. Johnson will at once proceed to Frankfort, after having collected all hc factB and evidence that can be of service to him. Under the laws of Kentucky it is necessary, in a case involving the freedom of a colored man, to institute certain proceedings before one of thn Circuit Judges, before the requisition can bo complied with. Those proceedings as we aro informed, will bring up and decide Jerry s freedom. We hope, this is the case ; and that the question will lie tried forthwith. If the information that reaches us from various sources is to be relied upon, even to the most limited extent, there can bo no doubt nf Jerry's freedom ; and we believe an honest Kentucky tribunal will so decide. The laws, however, as all are aware, lean but little to the side of justice and mercy in Slave States, where the rights of colored men are at stake. Forbes and ArmUigo were still in Frankfort, at the last accounts, and expected to remain there ; considering themselves sifo. It will bo seen whether Kentucky will shield such lawless miscreants. On one point, and it seems to be the main one, in this case, there can be but little doubt, viz; Jerry was brought into this State by one who was for the time being his master. Whether with or without the consent of his mistress, is a point of little consequence, we would suppose ; but it sterns highly probable that even her rojijfitt. can be established. If he was brought here by one to whom he was hired, he cannot bo con sidered a fugitive from labor. Setting aside the whole merits of the case, so far as he is concerned, the kidnappers, by their mode of proceeding, trampled upon all forms of law, and set nt defiince every thing like justice, and should be held amenable to our laws. Wo will not suppose that the- Governor of Kentucky can hesitate to comply with the requisition made upon him, under such circumstances. "Dnnksand Tuxntiou " More Misstatement! Corrected I Thus far, although we have met and exposed it at every turn, we have not succeeded in inducing the Statesman to correct openly and fairly a single one of its many glaring and inexcusable misstatements in reference to the Hanks and the Banking System of Ohio. It seems content to exhibit its own shameless ignorance and hardened recklessness again and again, abiding in the hope that its readers themselves are so utterly be-sotted and profoundly ignorant as to be duped with facility on all occasions and under all circumstances. Here it commits a fatal error. The facts will get be fore its readers in defiance of all its efforts to blind and lead them in a mad crusade ngainst the Currency of their own Slate and the measures of the late Legis lature. Election day is yet a good way off, and dis cussion will elicit the facts bearing upon the great questions before the people of Ohio. There are some frauds that even those who assume to lead the Locofo-co party of Ohio cannot with safety practice very often. The anti-bank war of this State has not secured the sympathies of the people of Ohio. The masses re all against it, and will not tolerate the attempt to break down the new Currency that has been provided ment of Uie American is correct "Mr. Corwin received a letter from Ohio to-day staling that Uie Hon. Joseph Vance, an old and distinguished memlwr of the House, now on a visit to his friends, had been suddenly attacked with piruly-sis, and was lying dangerously ill ami nearly speechless. He left here three weeks ago, in robust health and vigor, for a mnn of his years, and is universally loved and esteemed wherever he is known. Amkricah Jocrnal or Smk.ice and Arts. The nrmnoKlm nf ihia work nonpar in nnthiT column. and we would call to it Ihe attention of the lover of, c"" e"'n desperate, Science, and all interested in scientific intelligence deliberate and wilful misrepresentation and an unblush ing perversion of facts are relied upon to effect what cannot be effected by fair argument and an honest representation of facts, it is not difficult to foretell a result alike disgracelul and disnstrouj to the unscrupulous leaders of the opposition. The Statesman does not understand the people of Ohio. It mistakes their character and underrates their intelligence. It has resorted to ft mode of war lure that brought dffesjt upon the opposition in this State, mid that will render their It is not necessary here to recapitulate all the errors large class, if men were in the habit of estimating I "u ai'UKWU ' P wiwrn. a weea or uvo thing, at their true value and looking into them instead I m ,ta Iahorrd Tlkh' K"'Ml tI,u m"w U inki,,(f W1 of at Uie outside and on the surface. Under it. pre- "ld lI,e ' Whiff- generally, pertaining ent arrangement, and with such men at its head ai lrre"cy and finanrial matters. By quoting section the SatHAN.' and Dana, the American Journal of,0 " B'lk,n ,nw thlt """" d,) wiU' 1,10 Science and Arts takes the lead of the scientific periodicals of the world. As a medium for conveying to the world scientific intelligence, it has been preferred in many instances, to any other periodical, by the master spirits of science in Europe. After having lived through thirty years and reached its fijHtth volume, it can hardly be necessary to descant upon the merits of smell a Journal and its claim, to public patronage. Wo do not know how many subscribers it has in this section of Ohio, but we trust its claims will receive a just consideration at the hands of our intelligent rea ders. Subscriptions may be remitted directly to Uir editors. From Washington. A. mentioned in our last Mr. Cass attempted a reply to Mr. Benton on Friday last. It is conceded generally to have been a complete failure. He attempted too much and promised too freely what ho would do. Mr. Benton put a few questions to him after he had closed, which ho answered in an equivocal manner, but ho was eventually placed completely hors du combat. This is acknowledged on all hinds. Benton it too hard ft customer for the Michigan General. About that there can bo no mistake. Hannegnu left the matter in much better position than it was when Cass got through. Benton replird briefly to Cass on Friday, and clinched the nail he hail previously driven. He showed, conclusively, that Jefferson desired to establish the line of 4!) deg. to the Pacific ocean, and landing on thn platform occupied by such traitors as Jefferson, Mad i sou and Monroe, he defied the denun-ciatima of the 54,10 men and all others. On Saturday, Mr. McDulfie addressed the Senate on the Oregon question. He took strong ground for compromise and a settlement of the question on the 4!Mh parallel. Ho contended that we must either make up our minds to compromise on the 4:t!i parallel, or go to war. Ho was assured that Great Britain never would yield an inch beyond that line. The question then before the country is, compromise on 4!,or war. Believing, as he did, that ft war would cost thu country $lOO,noo,H)0 annually, and that llio whole territory was not worth one-tenth of that stun, ho would not hesitate what course to pursue. He thought the honor of the country was not involved in the question ; ftnd that true honor would demand peace. An extraordinary change has come over tho spirit of the fiery S -ulherner'a speech, since the Tttas question was be. fore Congress. The friends of the " peculiar institu. tion " would risk war and every other calamity, even the loss of national honor and good faith, to build up the cotton growing interest ; but they are willing to purchase peace at any price, when the .tike is of but little consequence to them. Wo should like to give men who act thus, credit for Inn r sty of motive and patriotism, but wo confess our inability to make out even a plausible case for them. There can no longer be a doubt as to the vote of the Senate. It will bo in favor of tho notice, in ft form that cannot givo offence and tint will leave the door wide open for negotiation and compromise. Wo supposed the debate would close last week, but the time ha been prolonged. Mr. Webster called for an adjournment on Saturday evening and spoke, we suppose, on Monday, on the Ashburtnn Treaty, A resolution to close debate on tho Cumberland Iload Bill in half an hour after the Mouse should next go into Committee on it, was adopted on Saturday, by vote of l4 to ttl. Ruoni It and Ki.kction. It appear, that there la no choice for Governor and Lieut. Governor in Hhude Island. The Law and Order candidate, both lack leas than ft hundred vote, of an election by the people. The Legislature being decidedly "law and order," thore can ho no doubt as to their choice. O" A Whig campaign paper called tho " Billy Itrbb," ha. just been commenced at Tiffin, Seneca eo., by Mr. WiiATON,Uie spirited editor of the Whig ctanuard ot that town. Gaum Siidi. The editor of the Cultivator has advertised in another column, ft choico variety of tlx imposed upon Banks, under the Hew system, it attempted to show that those institutions had a discre- tionary power whether to pay any tax at all; and if they paid any as to the amount! By quoting the pro-per section of the law, we exposed this falsehood, but we could not even succeed in inducing it to copy the section, much less to acknowledge its error ! It then .ought to produce the impression that the branches of the Stale Bank, (slating the case so ns to create the belief that they had been in existence a year, ) had paid into the Treasury by way of lax, the sum of " twenty Hollars and sixty-six ernty " only ! This pre posterously wicked and enormous falsehood we corrected at once by reference to the books of the Treasurer and Auditor of State, which show that at the tun of making their last srtni-annual dividend, the Bank, of this State paid as the tax on their profits and din- dends, about Tr.n tiioiianii dollars! The branches of the State Hank themselves, although most of them had been in operation but a few weeks, piid instead f " twenty dollars and sixty-six cents," as alleged by the Statesman, nearly fifteen hundred dollars'. A slight mistake, that's all ! Does it promptly correct the mistake? Not it. It thinks we may possibly be correct, and that its statement was incorrect; instead of acknowledging that (Ac editor had sent to the. office of the Treasurer of State, and ascertained there that his statemtut, like all that pre. ceded it) was utterly false ! But it does not stop here Detected in one error, it plunges into another. Met at one point, it flies to another ; and thus goes on in the laudable work of exposing itsown ignorance and attempt-ing to impose upon its readers. We shall note a few points in the reply of Monday last It sets out by Buying : " We also alluded, inrtdentnlly, to the statement contained in tho report of Messrs. Perkins and Coombs, tint the branches of the 8 la to Bitik had paid a tax of uot for the past year." The report of Messrs. Pr.RKiMsnd Coon as contained no such thing. Wo havo already tried several times to impress upon the mind of the Statesmen tho fact, that the Binks set apart srjuj-aiinually, not nually, as stated above the tax due tu the Stale. Messrs. P. and C, in their report, did not intimate that the Banks had been in operation during "Me pant year'" Nor did they furnish a statement of the Tax paid by the Banks. Their duty was to examine into the affairs of the Board of Control, and the condition of the Bank, as represented to the Board. They probably found in the statements of tho Bank., a. made to the Board of Control, the item of lax paid by the Jefferson branch, and they copied it, without having access to the same item in reference toother bran- tics. Tho Statesman took this item of the Jefferson branch and attempted to pas. it off not only as tho whole amount of tax pud by all the branches, but Uto sum paid fur the whole year. Farther down in the same article of tho Statesman, another point is made thus : We could wish tint every tax-naver of Ohio, could hear the exultation of these treasury leeches over tho fact that the branrhe. of the State Hunk, with a circulation of 1,11 M,hJl t for which blaek mail has already been levied upon the people to the tune of amue O.N ri miaimr.ij and TWr..vry I iuh ma.M) DOLLARS, have paid a tax of fifteen hundred dollars! Hero another gross error i. enmmitteed, and date. and figure, are thrown into confusion almost inextricable, in the muddy brain of the Statesman. The circulation of the branches of tho State Ihuk was (ll,- ll VJ! on the nth day of January. Their statement was then examined by the Committee above alluded to. But it was in the early part of Xorembrr that the Banks set oft Uie tax to the State. In exhibiting what was paid, by way of lax, by the branches, we stated explicitly the Oicl that it was paid in November last. The Banks make their semi-annual dividends again in May next. With what kind of propriety, therefore, does the HUtrsman speak of the tax they paid on their circulation in January. The Banks paid no tax then. In January, when the circulation amounted to a)l,-118,1, there were si it em branches in operation. When the tai was paid, in November, them were lea branches in operation only I But term of these contributed to make up the amount of lax received by the Bute, Uie oUicr three having just gone into operation and supposing that under a strict construction of the law they were not ohl.gcd to pay a tax until they had been in operation six months. The circulation of the ten branches, at the time the tax was paid, (in November) wos $.")!H),!84 (five hundred and ninety-nine thousand nine hundred and eighty-four dollars) just about one-half of the sum stated by the Statesman a. that upon which they had paid the amount of tax we have already specified. What is meant by thu "black mail levied upon the people to tho tuno of one hundred and twenty thou, sand dollars," we cannot even surmise. It is doubtless one of those beautiful figure, of speech that abound in the articles of the Statesman. Tho next point in tho Statesman article is made thus : The aggregate banking capita) of the State, h $(,-rll,4"0. If this were money at interest, it would pay a tax of fifteen mi Hit on the dollar, and accordingly the State would receive for taxes, the sum of NINETY-HKVKN THOUSAND, SIX HUNDUKD ANDSIX-TY-ONK DOLLAIIS. Will the Journal comporo this with the amount actually paid, and inform its readers tho sum of money of which they have been robbed ? The aggregate banking capital of the State, paid in and upon which business was transacted, wasijill,,-07, on the first Monday in February last, instead of $(i,rll,4.'i0. A mistake of a little less thantme( again! This fact was stated in a special report of the Auditor of State, made to the late Legislature, and the leading facts have been republished in various part, of the country. Yet an editor in the capital of the State, professing to lead ft great parly, is guilty of putting forth in a leading editorial article, a statement that the Bank capital of the Slate is $fi,5I,ir0. Perhaps the Bank capital nf the State has doubled since February ! If so, the Statesman will, of course, throw some light on the subject. But, what shall we say to the latter part of the above brief paragraph of the Statesman.' It is too rich to bo passed unnoticed. Having, in the abundance of j his financial skill, conjured up such an irresistible argument, it seems cruel to make a wreck of its flaming capitals I There is, however, no other alterna tive. Having cut down the aggregate amount of banking capital to about one half of what he has staled, we of course dispose of nearly one half of his tax of "ninety-seven thousand six hundred and seventy-one dollars ! " And for the purpose of enabling hint to correct the other error himself, we would whisper in his ear ft fact of which he seems insensible, viz: that money at interest" is tared at one half of its value: ! In his desperate crusade against Banks, it seems, the " Statesman " would estimate their capital at double the actual amount, and tax them at just double tho rate imposed upon capitul out of Banks and other property I Having disposed of half of the remaining half of his profound position, we shall await the develope- meuts of May, in order to establish the position that the Hanks actually pay as much, if not more, on their actual capital in use, under the, mode of taiat'nm prescribed by the Hanking Isitc, as they would if thry were brought under the proeisiuns of the new ad valorem tax law! Truly may it be paid of the tenable arguments of the Bank Destructives, againBl the present system of banking, that like those used by the Oregon thunder-ers in the Senate, in favor of 54, 4, they " Grow small by degrees and beautifully less." We are desirous to ace what the Statesman will next conjure up and into what corner it wilt next crawl. Township Election. We were in error in saying in our Inst that three of the Locofoco candidates for Assessor were elected. The actual vote, which was procured too lite for our last paper, shows that four of the Whig and tiro of tho Locofoco candidates for Asnessor are elected. This inishes somewhat the .mall .lice allowed to our opponents, hut they still have more than they deserve. We give ik'Iow the result Tni tit. 1L w. 91 w, at w. 4th w. ,rlh w. Ti. Total. N. Merum !t II!' U'l IMi ti 77 iS.Vi A. S. Kamsev,....!ri HI 1 i .7 .Ml III I. Ml J. I orrnteal', 71 V.' .V.I I (7 t t.l l (KM J. 1'I.mw : l lldt m l.o M 7,i A. Monberv M li-J w Ci u U J. liirklcy, bJ -,. 67 HZ IM) 1(0 fr t'l-KRIi. W. Thrall Wl 1 1.1 1 12 D 7. fil'I 11. C. Wilson,.. ..7 71 M U7 It? HO W.I TlIKANtltr.lt. J 8. MrF.h-ain,...?l m .V.i 112 V 111 f.2l T. Wood, UU )i-.t I.VJ 111 -Iti "JO uuti ('oTAHI.S. , . Wis, 7 o7 l .ii 177 79 l0 70H II. t). Itnmn V Wl l.il 1 10 I.' 7.1 M 'V. J. Met a i inch, I'i H: Ml (.co, Hiunlaii,....llt U3 .V Ut IM ifti uTo AvKfoii 1st Waiiii. Joel Searles !L I'Kt .1 III M fW i. heiui, t 70 Iti HI l:U lul frt) 2n W.wtit. S T. IMTner,....'.i.1 III 110 I.VI M 111 C,!i I). K. HclliHT O 7t I.ki l.H 7ii oil :tn Win n. A. Stewart W II. 117 :2 4f! C.J ftfH J. W. Osgood .U '-T' ;h Wl 1,11 OH WJ 4i it W'aiid. C. llrevMe 71 70 M 1 1.1 1 10 BU HIT II. Howard, U7 107 1 W KJ M bl WH ftTII Will n. T. Slctts !11 Hi I7 113 40 f.-2 fln.1 V. hrdgg, i-l 7:1 III I JO 113 !rt i Township Ar.ssnn. R. Latham 71 711 M I.Ut 110 11.1 C'Xl K. ( ate It7 UN l.il IJU W k Tlio following Supervisors were elected : I't District.!. Karhart. iM 14 James Harris, :M 1 1. .Nelson. 4th It. Neil. The Kldunppera nnd the Law The Ohio State Journal said that the magistrate and others concerned in the kidnappingoiitrage at Colum bus were arrested. IV nv it wc do not mistake, the principal or sole witness in the ease is a colored man. The facts are known, just as well m if the v were sworn to by a thousand witnesses ; but his evidence would be necessary, if we understand the matter, to commit them in a Court of Justice. Now, herein is shown the abominable absurdity and wickedness of our Black Laws. The testimony of the wituesi i. prohibited by law. Cincinnati Herald. The Herald is probably mistaken on one point. We are under the impression tint sufficient testimony can bo secured to convict all who were engaged in the kidnapping of Phiuney, who are within reach. Should or should it not prove otherwise, wo agree with the lerald fully a. to the "abominable absurdity and wirkedness of our Black Laws." The public mind is rapidly undergoing a change on this question, and wc have an abiding conviction that tho " testimony law " will soon cease to disfigure our statute hooks and defeat the ends of justice. The testimony of the colored man or boy who was with Phinney, if admitted, would be sulVieient to convict every man engaged in the proceeding. As it is, much care will be required to secure suHicient testimony un the (mint. UiNTftjl) STATES SENATE OREGON. MR. BKNTON'S NI'LLCII. In tho Senate, on Wednesday, April 1st, the Oregon resolutions being taken up, and Mr. Ashley being entitled to the floor-Mr. Speight requested Mr. A. to waive his right' to the floor for a few moments, to enable a Senator to mako an explanation. Mr. Ashley acceded to tho request of Mr. S., and consented to yield the floor. Whereupon Mr. Benton said he did not rise to make any speech, but merely to vindicate history, and the intelligence of the Senate, from an error into which the Senator from Michigan, not now in his seat, (Mr. Cats,) hud fallen yesterday, in relying on Mr. Grccuhow'. book on Oregon. That book maintained that tho commissaries had never acted under the treaty of Utrecht; had never established the limits between the British and French posessiona in North America; had done nothing on the subject. And the Senator from Michigan, Inlding Mr. Greenhow to be right, had adopted his opinion, and laid so much stress upon the fact of the action of these commissaries, as to make his future conduct upon the Oregon question dependent upon it. If Mr. Greenhow was wrong, and the commissaries had acted and established the parallel of 4! deg., and this fact was proved, he (Mr. B.,) understood the Senator from Michigan to say that he would give up tho Russian limit of T4 deg. 40 in in., and never .ay any thing more about Oregon north of 4'.) deg. This is a penalty which Mr. B. would not have imposed : it was giving to the line of the treaty of Utrecht ft consequence and importance which he would not have attributed to it. But the Senator from Michigan had judged for himself, and judged deliberately; for his speech was well prepared, and it was his own act to niiike his future conduct dependent upon the correctness nf Mr. Greenhow's opinion, which he had quoted nnd adopted. Mr. B. would show by the highest evidence, that the commissaries did act ; that they did establish the limits between Frunce and Great Britain in North AmericH ; and that the 4!Hh parullel was one of the lines established ; and, having shown this, ho would make no argument'ltfRm it, would make no application of the fact, but content himself with vindicating history at an essential point, and leave it to the Senator from Michigan to give it the inllueuco upon his own conduct which he should think proper. Mr. 11. then made a statement introductory to the proofs which he meant to introduce, and showing how the treaty of Utrecht had become applicable to this question of boundury between tne United States and Great Britain. It grew out of the purchase of Louisiana, nnd was coeval with that purchase. It was known to every body that the northwestern corner of the U. Stales could not be closed, because there was an impossible call in the treaty of ITdll. It called for n dim west course from the lake of the Woods to the Mississippi, when such course would never strike the Mississippithe lake being north of the the head of that river. Upon the supposition that the line due west from the lake would strike the river, the right to its free navigation was granted to the British by the treat ty nf peace; but, on finding that the line would no-strike the river, the struggle began between the two countries on the part of llie British to deflect the lien, to turn it down southwest, and thus get to the river, and with this arrival upon that stream come to the enjoyment of its navigation. The struggle on the part of the United Slutes was to prevent this coimequeiicn to close the line without yielding the navigation); and this coolest bad continued twenty years, when a treaty was signed in London to terminate this content. It was in the year 1HIM, Mr. Jefferson being President, nnd Mr. Kufus King Minister in London; fur, in those days, Ministers were not so rapidly changed upon a change of Administration as has sometimes since occurred.The fiflh article of llie treaty then signed deflected the line so as to reach the Mississippi on the shortest course; and this was done in conformity to instructions from the Government of the V. States. This treaty was signed in the spring of lH(t;l ; and it so happened that about the same time namely, twelve days before the signature of the treaty in London the treaty, without the knowledge of Mr. King, for the sale of Louisiana to the United Stales, wns signed. The two treaties arrived in the United States together, and Mr. Jefferson immediately saw the advantage which the Louisiana treaty gave hint in cutting olf forever the British, b ith from the navigation of the Mississippi and from the whole valley of that river. The moat accomplished diplomatist in America perhaps equal to any in Kurope h-- saw at once thit the acquisition of Louisiana put us in the shoes of the French in all treaties applicable to that province ; that it especially made us a party to the treaty of Utrecht ; gave us the benefit of the line of 41), established under that treaty ; nnd ho immediately determined to recommend to the Senate llie rejection of the firth urlicle "f llm trt-my signed at London, and to rely ntterward tip m the l-'treeht treaty as a matter nf right to force the British nut of the valley of the Mississippi. Tlie Senate con curred with linn. They rejected tho firth article of the treaty ; and then the double duty presented itself Id be performed at London. The rejection of the article of the treaty was to be iiHtttied ; the treaty of ('tree lit was to be plrnd against the British, to put an end to their darling desire to obtain the navigation of the Mississippi. The first was a delicate duty. The non-ralilieatiou of a treaty, concluded under instructions, except for good cause, is, by the law of nations, an injury to the adverse Power, implying a breach ot luitii but little short oi me enormity of violating the same treaty after its ratification. To show this good cause to justify ourselves for a seeming breach of faith was the immediate cure of Mr. Jefferson ; and immediately after the Senate had acted upon the two treaties, namely, on the 1 4th of February, lr-04, Mr. Madison, Secretary of State, wrote to Mr. Monroe, (Mr. King having asked Icavo to return when h had concluded Ins treaty,) to bring this delicate business beforu the British Government, and satisfy them at once upon the point of the non. ratification of the firth article. The treaty of Utrecht furnished the justification, and Mr. Monroe was instructed to urge it accordingly. Mr. B- said this extraordinary statement brought him to tho production of fits authorities. He would now hive recourse to the language of others, and would read a paragraph from the first letter of Mr. Madison to Mr. Monroe on this subject: " If the fifth article be expunged, the north boundary of Louisiana will, as is reasonable, remain the same in the hands of the United States as it was in the hands of France, and be adjusted and established according to the principle, and authorities which in that case would have been applicable There is reason to believe that the boundary between Louisiana and the British territories north of it were actually fixed by commissioners apninted under the treaty of Utrecht, and tint this boundary was to run from the Lake of the Woods westwardly, in latitude 4'. degrees; in which case the firth article would be nugatory, as the line from the Lake of the Woods to the nearest sottrco of the Mississippi, would run through territory which on both sides ul the hue would belong tu the United States. Annexed i. a piHr stating the authority on which the decision of tlie commissioner, under tho treaty of Utrecht rests, and the reasoning opposed to the construction, making the 4!Mh degree of latitude the northern boundary of Louisiana, with inaiginal note, in support of that construction. Thispater will put you more readily into possession of the subject, as it nny enter into your discussions with the British Government. But you will perceive the necessity of recurring to the proceedings of the commissioners, a. tliH source of authentic information. These are not within our reach here, and it must, consequently, bo left to your own resources and judgment to determine the proper use to lie made of them." Mr. B. remarked upon the language nf this extract. The fact of tho commissaries having acted was assumed for certain : the precise terms of their act, and the construction of those terms, was not exactly known : and Mr. Monroe was directed to examine the proceedings of the commissaries in Loudon tu ascertain the particulars and to act according to his judgment. Mr. Monroe did so, and found not the least difficulty on cither branch of h-s duty. The justification for tho Appointments by the President. Among a list of appointment, just continued by the Senate, we find the following : Alexander Newman, to bo deputy Postmaster al Wheeling, Virginia, vice 1. B. B. Hale, annointed du ring the last recess of the Senate, who his resumed. William I'attersoil, to lie collector, &C. for the nort ...... .t.H...t...n ,.- llw- Imondnrv lan .-m In ltn of Sandusky, Ohio, vice hlias 11. Haines, whose com-1 necn admitted without a word ; nor did the other branch mission has expired. I of the subject enrminler the least difficulty, Tho Patrick Collins, to be surveyor, ftc. for the port of. aiti,i tr...i carried all throuirh. But let Mr. Mon n. tv... - . ' . ... ...... , We do not know how the C'mcinnatiana relish tho new appointment; but unless Patrick has a better . - . . -it i i i a i ..i a .i .!. lie a I ton lV uie rrestueni lorscoieu u. wo mm iud U,o .ppomluinit w.ll l.l but lull, to frrd.tof Ih. , . . .J. .... ..,' ,. dwumrn ,. my possession enameu me u say ; nnu in sm oi wnicn roe speak for himself. In his letter tu Mr. Madison, of September H, 114, he siys : " We then proceeded to examine tho convention re specting the boundaries, in tho light in winch the rati administration. The people of Lowell, Mass., which ptacu he left under circumstances not quite as credila-1 hie as they might be, will marvel some what at such an appointment. Kelley was run for Assessor at the election, on Monday. Those who placed him in nomination, doubt less exM'cled a discount of fifty per ttnt., upon their taxes, in case of his election. Id was badly beaten, howevrr, the people regarding huu as unlit even to keep a register of a sow and pigs ! (Mto Statesman. This beautiful inorceau appeared in the Statesman of last evening. Our object in quoting it, is not so much to say that the statement that Mr. Kelley was a candidate for Assessor ia absolutely false, but to show to what length the Statesman is prepared to go to grat ify a debased appetite. There ia no longer any use for thu Ohio Tress, if it was established to cut under the Statesman, as has been alleged. It may as well give up all attempts to accomplish auch ft task. The examination of witnesses in the case of Mr-Thomas Kitchie, Jr., closed on Friday, and the State's Attorney then commenced his argument for thoprosecution. Hkavv Loii. U ia estimated thst the damage by tho flood in the Slate of Mamt alone will nut be less than one million of dollar.. I tu night it advisable, a few day. afterwards, to send to his lirdship a note explanatory of the motives which induced the President and Senate to decline ratifying thn fifth article. As Iho affair had become hy'thnt circumstance in some degree a delicate one, and as it wns m its nature, intricate, 1 thought it improper to let the explanation which 1 had given rest on the memory of a single individual. By committing to paper, i might lie better understood by Lord Harm why, and by the Cabinet, to whom he will doubtless submit it." In this extract (resumed Mr. B.) Mr. Monroe .howa that he held a controversy with Lord Hnrmwby, tho British Secretary of State, and used the Utrecht treaty lor both the purposes for which he had been instructed to use it, and with perfect success. He also shows that, unwilling to leave such an important matter to the memory of an individual, ho drew up tho substance of Ins conversation in writing, and delivered it to Lord Harruwby, that he might lay it before tho l.abiuel. 1 ho production o this paper, then, ia the next link in the chain of the evideiieo to bo laid before the Senate; and here it is: " Paper respecting the himndary of the Vuited States, drlirered to bird llarrowhy, September ft, S04. " By the tenth article of the treaty of Utrecht, it is agreed "that Franca .hall restore to Great Britain the bay and straits of Hudson, together with all lands, sea., seaeoasta, rivers, and places situated in the said bay and straits which belong thereunto," Ac. It ia also agreed "Uiat coinmisaariea shall forthwith be appoint ed by each Power to determine, within ayear, the limits between the sad bay of Hudson and the places appertaining to tho French ; and also to desenh" and settle, in like manner, the boundaries between the oth-or British and French colonies in those parts." " Commissaries were accordingly appointed by each Power, who executed the stipulations of the treaty in establishing the boundaries proposed by it. They fixed the northern boundury of Canada and Louisiana by a line beginning in the Atlantic, at a cape or promontory in 53 deg. 30 min. north latitude ; thence, southwest-wardly, to the Lake Mistasin ; thence, further southwest, to the latitude of 4! deg. north from the equator, ami along that line indefinitely." Mr. B. slopped the reading, and remarked upon the extract as far as read. He said this was a statement a statement of fact made by Mr. Monroe to Lord llarrowby, and which, of itself, established the twofold fact, that the commissaries did act under the treaty of Utrecht, and established the 4:Uli parallel as the boundary line between France and Great Britain, from the Like of the Woods indefinitely west. How unfortunate that tho Senator from Michigan had not looked to authentic documents, instead of looking to Mr. Greenhow's book, and becoming its dupe and its victim. If so, he never could have fallen into tlie serious error of denying the establishment of tho line under tho treaty of Utrecht; and tho further serious error of saying that Mr. Monroe had added nothing to Mr. Madison's statement, and had left the question as doubtful as he found it In point of fact, Mr. Mum roe added the particulars of which Mr. Madison had declared his ignorance; added the beginning, the courses, and the ending of the line ; and stated the whole with the precision of a man who had taken his information from the proceedings of the commissures. And to whom did he deliver the paper ? To a British Secretary of Stale, to bo laid before the King in Cabinet Council, and tu be used against the Power who was a party to the treaty ! And what did Lord llarrowby say? Deny the fact like the Senator who is so unfortunate as to follow Mr. Greenhow, or even resist the argument resulting from the fact ? Not at nil. lie made no objection to either the fact or the inference ; and Mr, .Monroe thus proceeded to apply his navigation of the Mississippi and its entire valley, as a matter of right, under the Utrecht treaty, and by the provisions of which they could hold no" territory south of 4'.). Hear him : " By Mitchell'i map, by which the treaty of I7rt3 was formed, it was evident that the northwestern point of the Lake of the Woods was nt lenst as high north as the latitude of 4! degrees, By tlie observations of Mr. Thompson, astronomer to the Northwestern company, it appear to be in latitude 4'J detr 117 min. By joining, then, the western boundary of Canada to its northern 111 the L.ake ot tlie Woods, and closing both there, it follows that it was the obvious intention of the ministers who negotiated the treaty, and of their respective Governments, that the United States should possess all tlie territory lying between the Lukes and the Mississippi, south of the parallel of the 4Hth deg. of north latitude. This is confirmed by the courses which are alU-rwards pursued by the treaty, since they aro precisely those which had been established between Great Britain and France in former treaties. By running due west from tho northwestern point of the Lake of the Woods to the Mississippi, tt must hive been intended, according to the lights before them, to tike the parallel of the 4!uh degree of latitude as established under the treaty of Utrecht; and pursuing thence the course of the Mississippi to the lllst degree of latitude, the whole extent of the western boundary of the United States, the boundary which had been established by the treaty of I7r;l was actually adopted. This conclusion is further sup-ported by the liberal spirit which terminated the war of our revolution ; it having been manifestly the in. ten lion of the parties to heal as far as could be done, the wounds winch it had inflicted. Nor is it essen-lially weakened by the circumstoiico that the Missis, sippi is called for by the western course from the Lake of the Woods, or that its navigation is stipulated in favor of both Powers. Westward of t(o Mississippi, I to the South of the 40th degree of north latitude. Great Britain held there no territory ; that river was her western boundary. In running west, and ceding the territory to the river, it was impossible not to call for it; and, on tho suptosition that it took its source within the limita of the Hudson Bay Company, it was natural that it should stipulate the free navigation of the river; but, in bo doing, it is presumed that her Government respected more a delicate sense of what it might be supposed to owo to the interest of that company, than any strong motive of policy, founded on tho interest, of Canada, or it. other possessions in tint quarter. As Great Britain ceded at the same time the Floridas to Spain, tlie navigation nf the Mis-Hissippi to her subjects, if it took place, being under a foreign jurisdiction, could not fail to draw from her own Uirmunes tin- renomces which properly belonged to them, and therefore could nut be viewed in the light of a national advautace." " After the treaty of 17-1, and at the time the convention in contemplation was entered into, the stale of things was, as i. above stated. The territory which (ireat Britain held weal of tho Liko of the Woods, was bounded south by the forty-ninth degree of north latitude; that Which luy between the Lake of the Woods and the Mississippi, southward of that parallel, In-longed to the United State. ; and that which lay to the west of the Mississippi to Spain. It being, however, understood, by more recent discoveries or observations, that the source of the Mississippi did not extend so high north as had been supposed ; and Great Britain having shown a desire to have the boundary of the United States modified in such manner as tu strike th it river, an article to that effect was inserted in the late convention; but, in so domir, it was not the inteutiin of the American Minister or of the Brit ish Minister to do more thin simply to define the American bound try. It was not contemplated by cither of them that America should convey to Great Britain any right to the territory lying westward ol that line, since not afoot of it belonged to her, it was intended to leave it to Great Britain to settle the point as to such territory or such portion of it as she might want, with Spain, or rather with France, to whom it then belonged. At this period, however, certain measures respecting thu Mississippi, and movements in that quarter took place winch seemed to menace the (Treat interests of America that were dependent on that river. TIicb-j excited our sensibility, acute and universal, of which, in an equal degree, her history furnishes few example.. They led tu ft discussion, which terminated in a treaty with France, bv which lint Power ceded tu the United State, the whole of Louisiana as sho hid received it from Spain. Tina treaty took place on tho &)th of Anrd. lno:i. twelve days only before the convention between Great Britain and the United Stales was signed, and some diys before the adoption of such treaty was known to the 1 lempotentiaries who negotiated and signed tho convention. "Under such circumstances, iti. impossible that any right which the United States derived under that treaty could be conveyed by this convention to Great Britain, or that the Ministers who formed this conven tion could have contemplated biicIi an effect bv it. Thus the stipulation which i. contained in the tilth article of the convention has become, bv the cession made by the treaty, perfectly nugatory ; for, a. Great uriiain noius no territory south ot the forty.nmth degree of north latitude; and the United States the whole of it, tho line proposed by that article would run Hi rough ft country which now belongs exclusively to thn latter." Thia reasoning (said Mr. B.) was conclusive, and in the course of the negotiations which followed, both parlies actually proposed article., adopting the Utrecht line iroin 1110 i,ian ol the Woods, with ft proviso nuniiu us application 10 tne country west ot tlie Hot ay .Mountains, in auoptmg the line both articles were identical ; the provisoes were the same ; the only difference was in tho modification of the extent of the'line. Here they are : Article 5, as proposed hu thn rfmtriran commissioners. " It is agreed that a line drawn due north or south (as tho case may require) from the northwestern part to uir uino 01 uie rvooos, until it shall intersect the forty-ninth parallel of north latitude, and from llie point of auch intersection due west along and with the said parallel, shall be the dividing line between his Majesty's territories and those of the United Stites to tho westward of thn said lake; and that llie aaid line to and along with the enid parallel shall form the southern bound try of hi. Maiestv . terrilnr.es ami the northern boundary of the said territories of the United Slates : Prorided : That nothitnr in the Present arti cle shall be construed to extend to the nothwest eoast of America, or it the territories belonging to or claimed by either party on the continent o America to the I westward of the Stony Mountains. ' .Irticlcfire, ns the llritisk Commissioners wou'd agree to make it. " tt is agreed that a line drawn due north or south (as the case may require) from the most northwestern point of the Likcot the Woods, until it shall intersect the forly-uinlh parallel of north lulilude, and from the point of auch intersection due west, along and with the said parallel, shall lie the dividing line lietwccn Ins Majesty's territories and those of the United States to the westward of the said lake, axurn ranr resprrtirr territories rttend in that aunrtrr ; and that the said line shall, to that client, form the southern sot hurt of hi. Majesty . said territories, and the northern miunda-ry of the said territories of the United Slates : Pro-rided, That nothing in the pre sen I article shall be construed to extend to tho northwest coast of America, or to the territories belonging to or claimed by either party on the continent of America, to the westward of the ntony Mountain. Here ia concur re nee (said Mr. B.) in the proceedings of tho commissaries under the treaty of Utrecht, Here is submission to that treaty on the part of tlie British, and a surrender under its inexorable provisions all pretensions to the long cherished and darling pursuit of the free navigation of the Mississippi. True, the article did not then ripen into a treaty stipulation conclusive of the pretension, and though mentioned I at Ghent in 1815, it was quickly abandoned. I mo nut-mum now (jir. ll. suiU) was 10 see what reception these articles met with nt home met with from Mr. Jefferson, to whom they were of course im mediately communicated. And lnr l.-t Mr .L rt'enion speak for himself, as speaking through Mr, Madison, in a letter to Messrs. Monroe and Pinkney, (Mr. Pink-ney, of Maryland, having then joined Mr. Monroe in L.onnon,j under uate nt July :iuih, 1H07: "Your letter of April Jtoth, enclosing tho British project of a convention of limits, and your proposed amendments, havo been duly received. The following observations expluin the "terms on which the President authorizes you to close and Bign the instrument: " The modification of the 'th article (noted as one which the British commissioners would have agreed to,) may bo admitted, in case that proposed by you to them be not attainable. Hut it is much to be wished nnd pressed, tlmuirli not made an ultimatum, that tho proviso to both shuuld be omitted. This is, in no view whatever, necessaiy, and can have little other effect than as an offensive intimation toSnain that our claim. extend to the Pacific ocean. However reasonable auch claims may be, compared with those of others, iti. impolitic, especially nt the present moment, to strengthen Spanish jealousies of the United States, which it i. probably an object with Great Britain to excite by tho clause in question." Ihis, Mr. President, was Mr. Jefferson's oninion of the lino of 4!deg. for it throughout in its whole ex-tent, "indefinitely ," as settled under the treaty of Utrecht; and not only for it. but earnestly and ures- singly so. He was for cutting oil' the proviso, and letting the line run through to the ocean ! And who und what was Mr. JchYrson in relation to this Oregon riv er, the title to which was to have been settled by this line r tie was, we might say, its very discoverer ; lor, long before the time of Lewis and Clarke, ana even before that nf Gray, when in another part of the world when the United States Minister to France under the Confederation Ins philosophic mind told him that tlie lofly ridge of the liocky Mountains, nenetrntitiff the region of eternal snow, and traversing the country north and south ; must turn waters each way to the west as well as tu the east nnd send a river to the Pacific ocean a. well as to the Gulf of Mexico: hi. philosophic mind saw this, and his practical jreiuus proposed the realization of his vision. The young and intrepid traveller, Ledyard, wns then in Paris, on his way to commence that African expedition in which he bo unfortunately lost his life. Mr. Jefferson pro-posed to him to relinquish tint design to betake him- sen 10 ft new theatre to the new world, and to the western slope of the American continent. He nrouo- posed to him to proceed to St. Petersburg, furnished with the proper letters to obtain the permission and the protection of the Russian Government, to proceed overland to Kamschutka cross the sea at Behring'. straits follow the coast down until he came to the great river which must be there then follow it up to it. source in the Koeky Mountains and, crosnini; over, come down the Missouri. This is what Mr. Jef ferson proposed to Mr. Ledyard some sixty years ago: twenty yeurs afterwards, and when President of the United States, he carried Ins idea mloellect throuirh the expedition of Lewis and Clarke, Theirexpedition was tlie execution of the object proposed to Ledyard ; and nobly did they execute it. Their return route wua particularly valuable. They discovered the route on the return voyage which will be the commercial route between us and Asia. The year alter their return, a Mr. Henry, of Missouri, discovered the South Pass. nnd through it the overland lino of Irnvel will forever be; but the return route of Lewis and Clarke will ho the route of commerce. It presents but two burnt red and ten miles of land carriage lie t ween the Great Falls of Missouri and the Upier Falls of Columbia, passing the mountains through a low gap and a fertile country, long inaraea uy large inuian ana nuiinio road Mr. Jefferson, in this proposition to Ledyard, and in this expedition of Lewis and Clsrke, stands forth as the virtual discoverer and almost the father of the Columbia river. It was the child of bisalfectiona and of pride, and he cherished it not merely ai an object of science, but of the greatest utility. He looked to ti ior great practical Denenia 10 ins country ; yet he, forty years ngo, in the very year alter the return of Lewis and Clarke, and when enthusiasm for their suc cess filled every bosom, and his own more than all, proposed, and not only proposed, but pressed the proposition, to make 40 deg. the line nf division throughout to the sea. He knew very well what he was about then. and where that line would run. The coast of the Pa cific had been well surveyed : the course of the Columbia, from it. mouth to' the Upper Falls, near the mouth of Clarke a river, just below latitude 4'. deg., was meandered by Lewi, and Clarke, and well presented in their man. He knew what he was about: and he proposed the latitude of 40 deg. throughout. I mention this as an historical fact, and to .how his opin. ion of the treaty of Utrecht. And here 1 close what I have to sny in relation to lint treaty as depending upon British and American authority. It is surely enough ; but there was another party to the treaty r ranee; anu tocompiete the prnot it Will he as appropriate as convenient to conclude the matter with a brief exhibition of French testimony. Here it is, (said Mr. H., displaying two huge folio volumes, and owning some map ;) hen- it is : Posth-wait Commercial Dictionary with D'Anvdlc'. maps, dedicated to the Duke of Orleans. Mr. B. then pointed out the line established under the treaty of Utrecht, and read the account qt it as given in a note on the upper left-hand corner of Uie map. The description wns in these words : " The tine that parts French Canada from British Canada was settled by commissaries after the peace of Itrecht, makintf a course from Doris Inlet, on the .it-Inntie Sea, down to the 4'Mh degree, through the Lake Mitibis to the Xorthwrst Ocean; therefore Mr. O'.in-rille's dotted line, east of James' liny, is false." This map was made by D Auvilte, the great French geographer of his age, and dedicated to Uie Duke of Orleans, and said to have been made under the patronage of the late Duke, who is said, in a note upon the map, to have expended ono thousand pounds upon ill construction and engraving. The late Duke was probably the Kegent Duke who governed France during Ihe minority of Louis XV.; and, if so, the map may bo considered as the work of the French Government itself Bo that as it may, it ia the authentic French testimony in favor of the line of Utrecht ; that line, upon the non existence of which the Senator from Michigan has slaked the reversal of his Oregon position.Mr, B- said he was no great advocate for the map argument for the collection of two piles of maps, one having a line upon it the other without a line, and then assigning the victory to the tallest pile. He was no great advocate for this mnp argument ; and if he was, the two map. before him would be a fine illustration of ila folly ; for the two before me. though made by the same author, and adopted into the same work, would full into two different piles, one with and one without Iho line, one with and one without the descriptive memorandum. Confronted in a pile, where thebigesl pile was to carry the day, they would neutralise each othi r ; but, examined by the test of chronology and the lights of history, they became consistent, intelligible, and potent. One was made in 17.Y4, the other in I'lsli, and each was right according to its time. In the interval between these two dates, namely, in ITtill, the line ceased to exist! Great Britain acquired Canada, the hue no longer h,ad application, and from that time ceased to appear on maps. What was necessary in l7.Vi became useless in 7A't. The great fact ia now established. The commissa-ries did meet under the Irenty of Utrecht ; they did execute the stipulations of thai treaty, they did deter-mine the limits between tho French and Ilritiah pus. sessions in Ninth America; and the parallel of forty-nine from the Lake of the Woods indefinitely to the west, was one of the boundaries established by them. 1 make no application of this fact. I draw no argument from it. 1 do not apply it to the queatmn of title. I am not arguing title and will not do it ; but I am vindicating history, assailed at a vital point by Ihe book winch has been quoted and endowed ; I am vindicating the intelligence of tho American Senate, ex-posed to contempt in Uie eves of Europe by a .opposed ignorance of a treaty which is one of the great political landmarks in Kurope and America; and I am demonstrating to the Senator from Michigan that the condition has become absolute on winch he bound himself yisterdny to reverse his Oregon position. Mr. President, tho Senator from Michigan give. u. omo just and wise observations on the frivolous and ridiculous causes which have sometimes involved great nations in terrible war. But I think that, in one of un illustrations, nei. ii mtoa misapplication of an historical fact, and that without the aid of Greenhow'. bona. It was the case of the war resulting from the water on the lady", gown. The incident, I suppose, of the water and the gown, in which two ladies were dramatis person, and a little dog a prominent figur ante, loon place in the court of Queen Anne ; look place not transpired. Do not write me down trans pired, nr I .halt certainly expire. I his incident took place in the Court of IJneeti Anne, the Imperial Sarah, Duchess of MarllMirough. I call her iiiiicrial who could say to the proudest of the old F.uglisli Dukes that the widow of John Duke of Marlborough, married no man, not even an emperor. This lady and her dog was a parly on one side, and Mrs. Mashamon the other ind was the npMsite of producing war. It artuslly led to peace; for the tueen, taking part with Mrs. Masham, quarrelled with the Duchess, am) then with the Duke of Marlborough, ami so called him from his command, stepped the career of victory, and then made peace the very peace whose benefit we are now claiming that nf "Utrecht. And thus the incident of the gown and the water throws its point and power on the other aide, and actually connect with thu very point I have heencsUhlinhiiig, Mr. B. had not voted for the purchase nf Greenhow's book 1 he had but a poor opinion of hookscompiled in oloaeta for the instruction of men of business. The were generally shallow, of no use to Uie informed, and ino truth nt tin Iwiiinm r .1 TxTTjmmmm - . . uo wen. 00 ot the book in ol, n .uiiiPimc document. r 1. .. , lll'n,,ry "l would liave found tlie (.,mI!o h.i . I.?";. '.' now thr priMiwr, lo Penelope : """oiiimj niQ.K-nget Hid " Ihe great I'ltnri i, no! dead. But, fur from wife and ion, '' primner, on a dctcrl iile," will not follow tlie poet and nr w ni.,;...A 1... . 3... For the rorty ,;,, ,e ol ,av but f , d merclul, and will .lw caj.fve llie fill xCutf his person, on his onr.. ..r i.. .. ' 1 ""'ur yesieruay given, on a, co.irf.hon now become aUolute, never lo p... 41); W er to UHe tl.nt name ot nm..n n... n. . ' n.. . , , . . "i ..u.Bi.ii line 1..1. "'""i.iiiaiioii nlino.t riuiculou. of hi. war- colllnlenrenif.il. I. ia il... ...:. .- i . , i ,,7i i "i in. dependence Oreenl.ow a book. Tim. I. I.... i .i. i:..i . - - ur.-u .lie mile di of ln cataatrophe. Henceforth the tienator'a oc. cupation ii enne. War inevitable war can nn Inn. ger be tlie burden of Ilia aolii. War ia now evilnliln. Inevitability haa reveraed ita application. It ia peace Unit ia now inevitable, and henceforth wo muat heat-tint dulcet aound. The efteel nf Im. I,.. : ,1.. a . : ;: . ",0 oenaior . poemon iu.l be great. On the Grecian band, of wlion. he ia lie ARniiieninon, ,t ,UIl ave , ,,, dimilli,llin, rf. Ii-ct. 1 hat bund for aome month, hiu been aitting for . , pl url.w OI 011r (rlrl(j1MolM.r, llie tune of long wn.lcd gnvm and tight ataya "Small by degree, and beautifully le..." But now the audrfen deduction of an much weight id atrenglh, in llie peram. of their chief, muat leivo I'm a must nnthimr r.n ti... t-. . . l .... tumiu conuuci oi ine ia.npa.gn it intuit have, deciaive efleel, for the Ajair. if tin. eipedit boll. Iiin- and Utile, i...... when their great chief haa iinpoied the nenallv of I In like . - - imuii.ru me penuitv OI -line .nd itnietmn nt. l.i...u..ir .i n... v - - .... ju me Guuirury u mat have .line effect, for Ihe alarm, of war williud-i-n V cenae. On (In. 1'r..aa,.. . ... . 1 l.'.- l n.i ...nnm. me rneci Will OC OO- lighllul. The twenty.one million, eiira for the armament of the navy, and the eight or nine million. extra for tlie army, will ceaae lo be wanted. The Mil- i.ry u i.avm t.oiiiiiuiiera, if not wiae.havn at li-aat lii-en lucky. J'hey delayed lo report billa for theae llnrtv mil inn. .n.. In .1-.. .1 1 , v. uj i..j, ui-cnnm unueceaaury. Inactivity, in them, if not manterly, haa at ieaat been profitable : it has aaved thirty millions of eitra taxes, . , ... pvupil.-. Bull conclude. I have made no apeccl. upon Orc- ron. and will mnke iu.t.n .t 11.;- , . ...i. iiuiv. sino tiere i will answer nub hrlv n n i .,n ...i.:..i. a . . 1' - ' 1 j 11. 11 1. unen pui 10 ine primely, liny ilunt yim sneak f" Anawer: I urn. ess to be a frieud of Una Administration, and mean to ii-ep myself m a position lo act according to my nro- esslons-. 1 dn no. 1 n 1.. ... .1 1 -r .7 . r ' - .' . 1 ...i biii nu 111 ine AUIlllllie. tration in its appmprlnle sphere : 1 do not mean to take negotiation out of it, hands : I do not mean to under-tike to lead it, or drive it, to come in conflict with it, or to denounco it, will., or wilhout hypollieaia, or be- ", iic iiii-i. toe 1 reaitlelil a ooaition is ar. luoua: hia responsibilities to his r.1,.1 ....1 ..i are great. 1 believe he is doing bis best to reconcile and accomplish together the great object, of Ihe peaco, Ihe honor, and the righla of ihr country -, and, beliov-inir Ibis. 1 slmll lw.1.1 .....If - ' . , ' - .--j-... in poaiuun 10 view u:s an. with perfect candor, and with the atrongest disposition to support him in what he may find il ueccaairy Mr. Ilannerrsn ..'ul I... ....... 1.) . t. 1 . r T .. i.iu no. nave bsbcii 1110 atlentinn ol the Senate for 1 moment, (having already occupied the floor on the general nufsOaa,) Ulioi ...Bt. ....... u, . ocnsior iron. Missouri, accompatrrd by a manner and a look which gavo it peculiar force ami meaning. That Senator wae tho laat, Ihe vcrv last man living, from whom he ever eaperled to receive sueh B look . lie I... ........ !-:... . .. ...... ... ,. 11, Ki:inin-u ...r. it., my pi. litical teacher. I learned from hl.n al.uoat all Ihe views 1 leu., n-.pecung una matter or Oregon. Whatever noaition I hold ..n tli.t ...1.1 1 1 . p ... ' " J . icnrnea irom 1.111 Senators speech on the Ashliurton trealv a Irealr which, together with those who negotiated it, ha. beeii the Unci-RMlllir tlli.itm hi. .1 e .. . - -n - iiuii.-iaiioii iromute uav ol Us ratilicalion to this hour. From that speech it ..... . .. ... u in.,, u,e mnencan line to lite northwest coast as htili bb .W n...ih ...i ..... -.1 - - . ".""", iiuioiiiyBsrespcci- ed any counterclaim by Great Britain, but good against ..... - . ..a, .r , t waa ue.iven-il Here, ...thia chamber, aome four or live years ago. It was he who .iiu me. 1 mow ne is all-powerful here, but ho cannot unlearn me that it In-vond Ins power. I Inarm... n.u -i .1... .... i. . ... 7 "' '"V nil oi uau.a.ici; since then I have left mr humb e hniinm at il.. e..-i r .1.: . teacher. He may, before the world and in the lace of this Senate and Ihe country, abandon the doctrine he then held and Uught to me ; but I shall not, there- Inn. Iiamliin ' I will say, aa the l.oneal, and patriotic, and trim American who fill, J 1 .. ,. , ii-aiernay (.ir. t. aas.) .aid, 11. hi. noble .peer!,, when ll can be shown lo ,c that.liv the trealv nf I Ftn.nl. 1 . .... 11 1 . .. 7 ' i. wu iiurnoeo mil 11:0 paralle ot 4! d.-g. wo. to crow the Kocky Mountains and extend tu he i'acihc Ocean, I will not only clow ny .. .... ,.. claiming llie lerr.lory north of that line, b,.l will abandon all Oregon. I cannot con-ent to tin! Senator, posilion that he holds Uie Agamemnon of our little band fn.l lu.ii,.. hu I.;. 1" ... -J uiaunii auiuission. .-.Ol al all. .Not a word ol all he read to the Senate refers lo the country weal of the mountain.. No, not ono word of .t. What right had Kngland to divide a re-trton of country ks.l.n.e.n i u - . himself is fully aware that sueh aiding never was llw intention of the Ir..alv 1.. - 1 .1.1. i ""'.i"iow,aa weallknow, t ut lint boundary line never was intended to croa the KlM-kv Mllllnl. II. an., a..- 1 - .1 I. ' ' - .un ui me rac.uc Ocean. l Tl'''. ,h C0I",llion "I U Pledge given by the honorable Senator from Michigan: (Mr. Caa. , he ia uOUnd hv lll.l nlelaw an I I...IJ . . . j ' r i ii"i- myaeil Dound Willi nun. I loo, am bound, when Una fact ahall be proved to me. hem... . it a..... I I .... ..' . I f i t i.1 -.iiwn mat, y tne trea- ., ............ iiiiiTiiieoinaiine boundary of 4!l ilegrcea should cross the summit, of the Stony Moun-tarns and run westward to Ihe ocean, will thenceforth close mr Jim on lh aiilii!-! nf n. o - party lo that treaty : .he came into .1 .rtrr il had becit ni'tnitlalfsgl KnlWMK I'n-... a. .. J L' . . . u unjriana ah came mlo the agreement as on nf ilaa. a..t.. . l . . . came protesting that she thereby surrendered no righta on the nor.hwe.l nu.l . il.ai -I I . .7. . . . : """ .osnu'inea none ol her rnrlilB nn (hi. iiiiiin..i a. c . . . . I wl rV ' "u r-ngland divided Oregon I V hy, F ranee never aaaertcd, in 1713, tho Mnunla.na No, nor on the entire Pacific eoa.tof lh. continent of Noilh America, from the Isthmus of Da-nen to Iho pole. V, l according to ihe Senator a ver-sum of the irealy, r ranee and England by aj-roeintr to that trealy, parcelled out Oregon 1 Down to that moment, and indeed lo the dale of the Noolka Sound Irealy Spam had, in Ihe face of all Europe, aaaertcd and defended her title to Ute whole nonhweat coast. But I am not going into the argument lo prove this ll is a notorious acl and none will or can conlroverl it. But I must be permitted u. congratulate one who ",7 T V"1 c,""d',M'"d,gl, ,iced my humble self, and did me thst Imnnp t n ... e - ' . ! - . .. , -n nisi inrnn : and, if I may be allowed to return the epithet, 1 will con. gratulate my friend from South Carolina ..Mr Cl. Iitisin . tlinr at I l.-. ..... I i . ..X V ..-.. nave im-i ; that lie haa at leneth made a ri.n.n-i t ik i . t . uto iiuuoraoie Dcnalor from Missouri, ton, fr,,m hjl ,rt , , the humble suba tern IK I... .I. 1 ti.: ' ' , . , , i---ii'. i in. ia certainly uie highe. achievement he (Mr. Calhoun) hasyeteccoin-lilished; the greatest intellectual triumph over won: the very proudest boisl he csn exhibit. The Senator .p,,k of Agamemnon of our little band-ot its Ajax Telamon, and its lesser or hill. A u.V If by this till, he referred Lo nu-, 1 d "l.,m .11 no title .0 be called at, Aj, g,l , ,!H "j J.ta . poor pnv.l. .0 d,e, con.ent to aee in the rank. I ask 110 lavor ; I seek no reward fo, my humble"; vice., aave the lmph f , ' thinir bevnnd il. and w .1 . . t T '"", iiomo e aa 1 am. I had r. therbethe It Ir A,... th I... U-. .1- - TV 1 , ' w" uciow me 1 than with niy proud tool ., pres. Uie eirlh a. ,f it wa. not wot-thy lo reeetve Iho i.npre. Ye. j ,,d ralher be . poor private o Id,,, Ui.n ,ve and walk about, carrying on in, front ho insc,,pt,, .. 1 n.l..r i 1 cUsfx. to rule all, to, all are below me , and rule I will, or ',, -It is a mailer of indifference lo tnc which '' l who he mav. tlmr. - . . . w , ' ' " -"-to im to is tand so hierh thai : "u ' itii aa nigi, as he will ha find, will, all hi. fell,,. eile,,.," , level. Alai lei me be. f the N,.. ' .! -t him remember thai othera fought al Troy bede. the Ajaxe. and Agamemnon and Lly.se.. There wa. ... A. .... Lis Ihe,.. Ye. j tin. .. our Achilles, (point-infl- lo Ihe vacant seal M. ...'v.. . , .. . . - - -".i, "no lei mat Hell nt,.r beware Hal when the tight i. ver he be not found the Hector, whosn ..i .. ..... ... 7 .he triumph of AchiMc. ' M'n I m llie close of Mr. llannegin'. speeeh. and du. rinir tla dehverv. 1l1. ro .......... 1 e..;.. .1 11 , ' l" .teiamaiton. trout lite galleries J Mr. tt , b.ler rose and aal : Mr. President, thia thine IS SO vcrv lllileii.irnila llial 1C i. l..ll . . .1. 1 1. . . ' ' " "ecu, airain tl there shall be tl,. least audible mark of approbation or ..,. , u,0 ahmber. t Sill. I exert IIIV rnr it mm a U..... ...A . .. .' ,, ,, i , -"--"., aim inaiat uiat I leT T- ' ' ""' "' "0"plion of ll waa many years afterward., namely, at London, in I il.ngerou. to the uninformed, whom they led aalra. inir), that thia line of 4!l was established to Die Kocky land lo lh. indolent, who would trust to Iheir superlieisl Mountains ; but Iho oiler of the article in lf-07 was I glusaci, without going to the fountain head, and aeek- 8l..t,rn A bill has pissed the Massachusetts 8. i l",1"h distinction between written and spoken defamation of character, winch provide, that every penon who shall delaine another by wo,da,.hal be puni.hed by fine, or imprisonment in the common. .kill nr ha. ka(la He.. .-J I . . lion of the eourt. The truth of lb. ma'ttcr ehareed aa' .landeroua is allowed to b. asuihanui Juitmaatioa ibr I defamatory word..