Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841), 1847-05-12

              WE (LY 0 TAW 1!J OURNAL VOLUME XXXVII. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, MAY, 12 1847. NUMBER 37. PUBUMIKI) F.V'KHY WEDNKSOAY MOllNINO, liY WILLIAM U. TIIKALL. Olnce in the Journal Building, south-east corner of High street and Sugar alley. T KKMS: ni i on which mav bedisrhareed bv tlio payment of Two Dollars in advance,- mid freo of postage, or of per rentage to Agents or Collector. The Journnl ii also published tidily during tho session ol the. Legislature, l,irir" Wl,(! 1110 remamoer 01 " t"u for 3 ( ami three times a week, yearly, for THURSDAY EVENING, Mny Of "N17. Honor to whom Honor is Due. In another column will be found a correspondence between some two hundred citizens of tliii place and the Hon. Daniel Webster, from which our readers will be glad to learn that he has accented an invitation to visit Columbus. At the date of Inn hater he expected to be here in May ; hut we have learned through other sources that ho has been so much delayed hu cannot bo expected here before sometime in June. Daniel Webster in one of the few monumental characters of the ago. His reputation ai a Lawyer, an Orator, And an American Statesman, depends a little upon adventitious circumstances, a that of any other person; it is built upon a basis that will preserve it for time and fur posterity. In looking back over his puhlic career, wo shall find as few thing, to regret, and as many of which to be proud, as ordinarily falls to tho lot of man. He has been from the beginning, a man of labor; severe, earnest, almost unremitted labor. Hiongagementsallhe liar and in the Senate, have been such as required the faculties of a gigantic mind ; and to say that he has ulwayM proved himself equal to his subject and to the occasion, is hut to repeat the undisputed voiccof public opinion. Informing our estimate of a man like Mr. We biter, we should , make a great mistake in measuring him by the current opinion of particular junctures, or by mere party standards. Yet he has ever been a Whig of tho Bunk-1 cr Hill sort, with as little variation and shadow of turning ns any public man the country has produced. On the fewest possible occasions have the Whigs of tho country ever supposed they had any cause of complaint against him ; and on thoso occasions, it is not too much to say, that if his opinions were not thoroughly vindicated by results, tlu-y did hy lapse of time and panning away of excitement, nevertheless, prove themselves entitled to candid consideration. He has been a Whig when the p.irty was in adversity ; for ; long, long years, during which the night seemed to; thicken over its prospects, and the storm to howl with increasing gloom, was not his utiquailing voice ever to be heard in the van of the buttle ? Rut Mr. Webster' services to his country, as we hare said, demand a higher thin any mere party recognition. They have been the services of a scholar, i an orator, a constitutional lawyer, and an earnest man. 1 He has been along his whole public career erecting columns and triumphal arches for himself and for his country. His oratorical etforts on many great occasions relating to the character and construction of the constitution, have become almost as familiar as household words, and their value in inlluiiicingand convincing the public opinion of the country cannot well be overrated. We may look ulsu to his diplomatic labors id forming the great treaty of 112 The merits of that treaty since it lias come to be understood, are carcely called in question by any body. Itut Ins labors are not alone to be judged by immediate results. The character of his mind lias left its impress upon that negotiation for history and for posterity. Great principles of international law by which the peace of tho world can alone hu preserved, were there discussed and proclaimed by him with an ability nnd clearness that leave nothing to he desired. His discussions in the course of that treaty, like his discussions in (he Senate and the courts, have already taken an acknowledged place as American classics. As he himself said of his own Massachusetts ; " There she stands !" tin it may be said of his forensic, his senatorial, and diplomatic productions "There they stand!" In regard to the attacks sometimes made up fin Mr. Webster's private character but little m i d be said since the fate of poor Ingersoll. We have been permitted to read a private letter from a prominent member of the M nsachusell delegation in Congress, who knows Mr. Webster intimately, and whoso word is a utficieut guaranty for any thing he slates ; in which he speaks nf the "scandalous slanders" that have been propagated in regard to Mr. Webster ns the "common lot of every great man ' who stands in the position occupied by hmi. " Hut," he says, " Mr. Webster and his friends who know linn most intimately, have nothing to fenr from having them brought to examination in the light of open day," nnd the writer goes on to mention the Ingersoll slanders as a specimen, and says if tiie others could be brought to au investigation, it would turn out in the same way with all the rest." Let us pay honor then to whom honor is due. We observe that throughout the South, where Mr. Webster's opinions sre supposed to liud least fa 7 or, he is being received with demonstrations of distinguished public respect. If a man of his genius and celebrity coming from any other country should travel through this, there would be no division of opinion as to the proper mode of receiving htm. When wo remember that hit history is gloriously linked with the distinguishing features of our civil career for tho last quarter of a century llwt hu is of us and anion u., 'One of the few immortal mines, Tli.it vvf ru not burn to dm,'' wc shall have no difficulty in explaining the general anxiety that prevails to sec him and shake hands with tnin. Irginltt. The recent elections in Virgins have resulted more auspiciously to the W hig cause than we had ventured to anticipate. Whereas in the last Congress the Whigs of that State were represented by but a single member chosen by the sulfrages nf Virginia voters, in the next, they will have six at least. Tho locofoco delegation from that State was whittled down from fourteen to eight. A vaconcy has occurred by tho death of Gen. Drnomgoole. And although his district gave Mr. Polk, in 1 I I, a majority of r"J4, yet at the recent election, Mr. Droomgoole, the most popular man in the district, and the leader of his party in Congress, was barely able to save the district by tome Irt or 'Mi majority. In tho Legislature, which was last yenr strongly lo enfoco, their majority has been annihilated, and it is claimed by our latest papers from that Slate that the Whips will have a small majority on joint ballot I Tho Shiftman attributes these results to the " Rail road right nf way question." Hut did the "right of way question" operate in Dromgoole' district, it tho extreme southeastern corner of the State? It won't do, neighbor it won't do! You will find that wherever your party is presented upon its simple merits to an intelligent people, it will bo hedged in on every ide, by all sorts of "right of way " questions. The people keep precisely that sort of questions iu reserve (or you. " We observed the error and corrected it." OA id Statesman. Tut, tut, neighbor ! bo done with your self- rigliteousness. It will mako you neither rirh nor respectable. Why, man ! were you not furnished with a corrected copy from this otl'ice before you printed the article referred to ! And did you not, with that corrected copy in your hand, (Iroin some irrepressible proclivity which besets you,) resort to the imperfect impression, and copy it, error and all ? To be sure. Then why all tins Pharisaic, display about "its observed tho error and if e corrected it?" To be sure you observed and corrected the error but not until it hid been detected, correited,aud pointed out by our elves. Such are our latest advices upon the subject, lloneally, now, for once, neighbor is it not so? Cnr Wasmijiotos. Tho Cincinnati Gaiette of yesterday understands that there are three or four companies of the new levy, encamped at this old camping ground of the Ohio Volunteers last year. QT Col, J. Lwinii is the ollieer designated Initialled and muster into service the Regiment of volun teers now being raised in Ohm. He has arrived at Cincinnati. Little Miami IUhhoad. The receipts on this road lor April, 1H47, have been as follows: ' Freight, fH.V'itlTI 1'assengcrs, , , , , t,:iW, ti-1 Daytok and BpjtiHoriF.Ln Railhoao. Tho Dayton Journal has received information which enabled it to state ihattho prospect of the success of this road are very flattering; subscriptions have been liberally made, between that place and Springfield, and from present appearances, a fair proportion of the stock will be taken on tho line of road and at Springfield. Ross County. The Scioto Gazette says that at the late sitting of tho Hoss Common l'loas not a single indictment was made by the Grand Jury. We suspect that same thing had not occurred " within the memory of the oldest inhabitant." Statesman 'knitentiahv. Tho Statesman of yesterday is out again, fully and at large, upon iU favorite scent the Penitentiary. " Just as tho twig is beat, the tree's inclined." Nmithsoiiian Institute. The corner stone- of the Smithsonian Institute was laid in Washington, on Saturday, with appropriate and imposing ceremonies. At I'-i o'clock a procession was formed in Pennsylvania Avenue, under the direction of Mr. Macaolky, Chief Marihal, assisted by his Aids, which moved from there to tho Presidential mansion, and alter being joined by the President and his suite, proceeded to the site selected for the edifice iu tho following or- Chief Marshal, nupported by his Aids. The Wellington Light Infantry and tho Washington Jllues. The President, Vice President, Heads of the Departments, &c , in carriages. independent Order of Odd Fellows, Dr. MAC.nu- dku, Chief Marshal : Excelsior Lodge, Metropolitan ..oitge, liencon Lodge, friendship Iudire, has tern Lodge, and Central Lodge. ftlagencniio and Columbian Lncampinents of Grand Patriarchs. Oilicersand members of the Masonic Grand Lodire of the District of Columbia, followed by a large number of members of the different Masonic Lodges of the District. The otlicers and members of the Grand Lodge of Free Masons of tho State of Maryland. A very large delegation, who mide quite a fine display. i lie otmscr (only) ol the Grand Lodge, ot r fee Ma sons of Pennsylvania. Several tine Hands ot Music wero stationed at dif ferent points a long the line, which discoursed most excellent music. Ou arriving at tho snot where tho stonn wns to be laid, the President, the Orator of the day, the Hon. Gi;o. M. Dam. as, and others, were conducted to a land, and the ceremonies opened with nn appropriate prayer, pronounced by tho lie v. J. N. M Jii.toi, Grand Chaplain nf the Maryland Grand Lodge. The Grand Mauler ol tho Grand Lodge ol the District of Columbia then took his position on the stone, nnd after depositing a number of articles of tho usual de notion, in a cavity thereof, went through with the Masonic ceremonies and formulas incident to kiicIi oc casions, the wliold being concluded with the Masonic nonois. The interest of these ceremonies was much heightened by several incidents connected therewith, and which was announced by the Grand Master as he proceeded. The gaval, or mallet, used hy him in striking tin- stone was the one used by General Washington, when he agisted as Grand Mister, in laying the corner stone of the Capitol at Washington. There was also carried in the procession, anil exhibited during the ceremonies, the original Masonic charter granted in 17fW to General Washington, hy the lion. Ldmund Randolph, then Urand Muster and also Governor of the Slate of Virginia. Nor was this all during the ceremonies the Grand Master wore the apron presented lo Washington hy the Grand Lodge if France, through their Grand Master, Gen. Lafayette. This apron lias been for the last forty Years in tin1 possession of Mount Nebo Ludifo of Virginia, by whom it was sent to the Grand Lodgo of the District, with the request that it should he worn liy the Orand Master during tho ceremonies, tho last, though perhaps not leant interesting of this train of circuiiHtanees, wa the fuel th il the tools which, as it is unintl in the Masonic ceremony, were presented to the Architect of the building, were the same that were presented by General Lafayette when he assisted in the laying of the corner stone of the Washington Monument, in this city. Ou the conclusion of the Masonic ceremonies tho Hon. Glo. M. Dallas, Regent and Chancellor of the Institution, advanced to the front of the stand, nnd delivered an address, the most of which wss devoted to a sketch of the hie of Mr. Smrnsos; the difficulties which had surrounded the settlement of the bequest ; and the results which might be expected from the faithful execution of the designs of Con-greet in the matter. On the conclusion of the address, the benediction whs pronounced, nr.d the ceremonies ut the day con-el u -led by u national salute. The procesfton was large and imposing, and tho number of persons assembled on the mall where the stone was laid could nol have been less than live thousand. Unit. .Imcrican. Volunteers Coming Home. The last accounts tiring inlellureiice that the Louisville Legion was on its way home. The OhioIt'-gi-iiieuts may he expected in a few weeks. All the Vol-nntecrs of J H 14 j will be sent home in time to he mustered out nf service in twelve months from the day of their enlistment. The United States must take care tint they are returned to the place where they were originally mustered into service. Of the Volunteers who entered Mexico in I.MG, full out third will never return. They are among the killed, the dead by disease, the adventurers lo curry (hu Anglo S ix ti civilization into the valley of the Rio Grande, or those who slipped nwny by some casualty. Of those who return, not unr in tut will probably reenter the Army. Whatever others may think of their glory or their rewards, tfitij will bo glad to return to places where glory is not to earmd. They have seen oiimi'rh of th it sort of thing. In Miynnd June, L-Iti, the Volunteers mustered into service were twenty three regiments, or 'Jit.iHHl men. Whit will be tho effect ol taking these from service: Jly the requisition three mouths since, the Government mustered into service li.lKlO. Jly the present requisition, provided it is success! ill, li.UIII). Of the ten regiments lobe enlisted, they will have about 5,liiKl before October. The- total whieh can bo mustered of the new levies, before the 1st of October next, will not exceed I7.IHHI. The armies of Scott and Taylor, then, will absolutely have a less numtmr of effective men in July next, than they had in De. emitter last. In the iiu-anwhde, however, the Government has occupied a much greater eulent of Mexico, and several important plnrc. The Army requires, therefore, many more men thin it h is. Ump is Mexico lo be occupied, when conquored, with the Army wo now have : It appears thai the ideas and plans of Hie Oovcrnmcrit, in a military nsncct, continually keen hind the realities of its situation. ( in. Chronical. Correspondence between Citlxcna ol Columbus mid Mr. Webster. Columbus, O., Mirch 27, 1847. Hon. Dasiel Wrosteh Dear Sib : Tho undersigned, citizens of Columbus, having learned that you intend to visit Cincinnati on your return from New Orleans, take this opportunity, on behalf of them selves anu oltiers, to invite you lo lane oiumuus tn your route, and to assure you of a respectful and cordial welcome. Your public career has been for many years a part of our national history, and an eminent example of great anilities devoted to great otijects. If the American Union be more important to any one section than another, that section is the West whieh has no natural outlet to the sea, except through the territory of her neighbors. Wo honor you for your efforts to cement the union, to elevate the love of union and make it strong as a national sentiment. We thank you for your general encouragement and respect for labor, for your services in the preservation of peace with foreign countries, your devotion to tho ideas and the urts of peace, under which alone can be expected that habitual deference to principle und to law, which is necessary for the secur.ty of labor and Ihe preservation of liberty. If any section of the union be more interested than another, iu a justconslructiou of the Constitution, and a full nnd liberal exercise of the powers conferred by it, that section is the West. We honor you for your labors and triumphs in defence of the Constitution, for vindicating the claims of that instrument to a character adapted to the wuuts of the whole country, and worthy of its origin ; and we thank you for the gen-oral liberality ot your votes on questions affecting western interests. We desire therefore to recognize and pay our respects to you as a national i"i, who has not only done much, but from whom much also is yet expected for the benefit of the whole country. A crisis seems to bo approaching in the controversy, whieh has been going on with more or less distinctness, since the organization of our government, be tween tho policy of free and slave labor. The ground Wined unio takes in Itiat controversy was cnosen tor her by the frame rs of the Ordinance of 1?h7, and we do not forget tint some of the most memorable pas sages ever uttered by you, were put forth in praise of! trial ordinance. We Know Iroin your whole history as well as from your opinions long ago and often ei- pressed, that you are and will be on the right side of tiial controversy. And we look tor you, while standing on solid ground and maintaining it, to yet be able lo do much, because of your long study of the Consti tution, your long experience in public life, and conservative habits, to soften the asperities of the controversy ami avert Ihe perils which belong to it in its varum relations with national uttairs lo ascertain and establish for this irritating theme. Home golden mean of justice and moderation, in which the good sense, and the interests of ull will eventually meet and coincide. However dark the clouds tuny lower for a time, we trut that in this, us iu all former dangers, the American Stales will remember that they have "oiti; Coi'ntkv, one Cossrrri'Tio, one Destiny." We should be truly gratified to have an opportunity of meeting you at such time and iu such manner as may tie most convenient and agreeable lo yourself. An early reply will oblige, l ours ir n ly-James L. Jiaten, G. W. Ciitdiman, W. Dennison Jr., K. H. Saekeit, J. Sulhvatit, M. McDowell, S. M. Suiiih, G. (J. McColm, M. Jewell, C. Mattoon, Geo, M. Parsons, R. L. Howard, KoM. .eil, J. r owler, h. W. 1 1 wynne, (J. 1,. ftevius, I II. Oluiitead, J. Whitzel, Wm. Domigan, K. T. Rees, Chis. Colgate, Daniel Conway, I. G. Jones, J. R Scruggs, John Graham, A. W.Perb-y, John Krooks, J. M. McKee, G. Vnndeniark, W. Flinth; S. Ridgeway, II V . Met oy, C. Kay, L. Kilhotirne, L. Goodulc, D. W. Deshler, W. It. Hubbard, Roht. .Neil, Joel Uuttles, T. P. Kiln, A. R. Unities, Richard Young 1). A. Randall, K N. Slocum, J. S. Skinner, George Denig, C. C. Rose, T. R. Carpenter, I. G. Dryer, II II. Chariton, John Ackcnuan, F. Spade, K. G. Sites, C. F. Si'hcnck, R. H. Thompson, John L. Gill, Geo. W. Free, II. J. Golf, II. S. Hyns, J. K. Linuel, M. Norihiup, C. Humphrey, Win. Richards, I). II. Taft, John Field, Dwighl Stone, M. R. R.it.-ham, II. A. Field, J. N. Sprague, J. M. Nichols, Lewis Heyl, J. D. Osborne, C C Howard, I',. Schenck, Th'ts. F. Shields, A. K. Glenn, A. D. Davis, J. Marple, 11. C. Noble, Lauriu Dewey, J. ILTurney, Richard Miner, J. 11. Fmley, I. N. Wliitiius R F. Martin, J.V. M Klvmne, II..F Huntin-rion, II. Todd, S. Sill, W. S. Sulhvaiit, J. D. Lariumre, Juo. A. Lazell, Win. H, Thrall, J K Ih yl, John Teendale, Ch i. Seoll, C. T. Flowers, Oviat Cole, II. Ilustel, C. K.agan, I). Ad nn;, J. ll ihlniti, J. K Coleman, William M. Awl, Sumner Clark, P. T. Panuon, Sun. T. f lefl'iier, A. Pulton, A. R. Newbury, Geo. Southwell, S. Parens, John Waddle, (i. W. Phillips, D.T.Woodbury, Thos. Wood, J. Phtllips, J.M. INpy, W. A. McCoy, S. A. Hindi, John llutlerlield, O Johnsr.n, J. Harris, Jr , William llebb, Matthew Lmg, A. W. Turner, John Wood, (i. W. House, S (Jill .way, J. R. Tiioiiipnon, A. Hardy, T. W.H.Mosely.ll.Cowles, F. J. Matthews, J. K. Rudisill, J.C. W lUldwiu.S. Z. Selter, S. RriiBii, F. McDowell, Waller Thrall, Wm. Rurdell, H. Cms well, J. II Rdey, R. H. Hilbbell, I. J. Coonell, C. A. Haiu, J. Mi.Klhauey, W. Whitney Jr., J. Miend, Win. A. Fracker, It. R. Cnwh-s, Win. Murphey, Wm. Illymi, Locum Rmtli s, O. 11. Ill ss, A. S Decker, A- Lee, J. H. Faiubain, A. F. Newman, Jos P. Shaw, Lin hi m Curtis, S N- Richardson, F C. Sessions, C. F. C'dton, R. Thomp.ian, W. G. Dodder, G. Moody, M. L. Siilhvant, J. Leihy, Samuel Drake, A. Stewart, J. (i. Cormick, Win. Harriiton, W. M. French, H. Wileoi, Dwid Price, Charles Raker, H. V.. Wright, T. W.Tallmadge, Henry Sianbery, S nn. Thompson, John Rutin, J. It. Armstrong, 1'eacc, or Further Wnrl The intelligence from Mexico which wo published yesterday, represented Santa Anna as fortified at Cerro Gordo, a strong point naturally which he had made still stronger by a regular succession of military works, with a force of about I y,(fU0 men under two of his ablest Generals La Vega and Camalizo. It also represented Gen. Twiggs as in sight of tho Mexican works, with tho advance of the American Army, and Generals Scott and Worth as under rapid march with the rest of our force to join him. This wus on the 1 1th of April, and Scott was expected to reach the Headquarters of Twiggs by the night of the 14th, whidi he most probably did. On the 15th or Kith, therefore, it is likely cither that a flag of truce passed from the Mexicun to Ihe American lines, or that Gen. Scotl ussailed Santa Anna's defences. Either of these occurrences is probable, and neither could excite surprise. Santa Anna has two brave ollicers with him, and, whatever may be said of him in other respects, he is himself no coward. After remaining so long inactive at San Luis I'otosi, and then receiving so disastrous a defeat as he did at the hands of General Taylor at Hucna Vista, he must find the military prestige of his name lessening rapidly, and sec the necessity of a gallant stand now to retrieve his laurels. In addition to this, if we have a sincere love for his country, and his patriotism dictate a continuance of the war as the best means of obtaining an honorable and a favorable peace, the present is the time, and Cerro Gordo the place, for him lo strike his hardest blow. If the American forces under Scott carry his works here, and drive him before them, the tlush ot victory, and the feeling ol vengeance which will be engendered bv the loss of the friends and comrades who must fall in the assault, will make them pcrlectly irresistihlu at any other point. If he intends to fight at all, Af iciltjiala at Crrro tiordo: and if he does so, this battle will be bloodier than any which has yet been fought. Rut is it the intention of Santa Anna to fight any more t Doubtful, at the ieimt, From what tias taken place, he nnd his intelligent otlicers, and with them the really enlightened statesmen of the country, must see tiie utter hopelessness to Mexico of a longer struggle between their armies and ours. Wherever tho two have met, their troops have bepn swept before ours almost as chaff before the wind. And wherever they may meet, this will continue to bo the case. The .Mexican troops may fight bravely, as they aid at Palo Alto and llesaca de la Paltiin: or desneratdv.as thev did at Ruena Vista. Rut nowhere have they conquered the American troops and nowhere can they. Our superiorly physicnlly and in discipline was manifest nt first and to this is now superadded a terror of our arms, which inn lies cowirds of their ranks. Ifcsides this, severul ot the Mexican States are reo- resented as having openly declared for peace-among them the very one in which the two armies have now met. And Santa Anna was said to have with him, at his hacienda near Cerro Gordo, four prominent members of the National Congress, with the aid of whom he hoped to negotiate a peacti. Wo note, also, that some of Ihe writers from tl.e city of Mexico, and from Vers Cruz, who are apparently the best informed, express the belief that there will be little or lio lioro fighting. It, us seems probable Santa Anna now intends tt ask for peace und propose a settlement of dillimllies, Ihe concentration ol so large a force at Cerro Gordo, and the throwing up of strong defences ut that place. was me nesi strnite ol policy ot which Ins situation admitted. With l'i.OIH) troops, and a stnmir positron. so fortified too as to admit of shelter behind a regular succession of works, so that w hen one is carried tho most destructive fire can be opened from the next upon our advancing columns, and this capable of rc po tion iour or nve limes lietore the Iwn armies can bo brought face to face for a fair fiL'ht. he miirht verv rea sonably believe that he could secure better terms than would be granted at the city of Mexico, or were his position one which did not admit of such bloody ope rations upon our brave soldiers. o news which we have yet had fnun Mexico, ex cept that which immediately preceeded the buttle of mieria iNta, lias left so strong a desire lor mure, as docs this last. Cinrinnuti dm. Speech of Mr. Mil. WrasTi-n at Hk umhsh. The Richmond pa pers are full id expressions of admiration of the noble speeches ot V cli-iter, on r nday night, Mr. Webster addressed the company twice. Tho Richmond Republican says of tho limt: "Ho commenced by explaining the object nf his visit. Having never been farther south than Richmond, he wodicd to see the South, its people and its places. His tribute to the American Constitution, and its founders, was one of masterly ability, power and beauty. The Whig remarks : He cnnclu led by snying tint if, at the close of his career, it shall bo written upon his tomb-stone, -re lies one w ho wished well to tho Coiulilut-on of his country," the great object of his life will have been accomplished. Of the last the Republican adds : A sentiment lieing given to the memory of John Maridiall, Mr. Webster spoke, and pud one of the moit beautiful tributes to that illustrious man which we have ever heard from human lips. Volunteer Three companies have been reported to the Governor, under the Isle requisition of the War Department, One company of mounted men, from New ark, under t'apt- John R. Duncan, numbering one hundred men. tine company fmui Maiisheld, under command of dpt. Weaver; and one company from Millersburg, lloliucs county. L,ol. J. Lwing has deen appointed by the War De partment as ihe mustering ollieer, and is now at Cin cinnati to receive and muster in the volunteers. The anus and accoutrements for the Ohio volun. teers are to lie furnished from the Allegheny arsenal, near Pittsburgh. Statrtman. Rocoipti in April, 1tfRi, were $,l?-Hi,7 1, showing an uioroaau ot iju,jio,J mil year. Vino iNi a. Tho H heeling Timet of the Tith inst., savs : " Wo are now clear that the Whigs have a majority nn joint ballot in the legislature of Virginia, and live member of Congress, o gain at II locon and I vacancy. mo may nave one mote memuer oi congress. Tnr Lini iiTv or tuk Piims. The editor of tho t'nitm thought it a perfectly justifiable matter to nnm the Senate of the Hinted Slates, as friends of Mexico, und as giving "aid and comfort" to the enemy. When the Senate rebuked him, by simply casting him out from their company, but depriving him of no one right on the face ol the earth, the f 'nitm set up a howl of violated Liberty, unsaullsou the Press, and such liko Htulf. It apjH'alcd to the People, nnd more especially Virginia. It is answered. Virginia I ins spoken, and m'c trust Mr. Ritchie is satisfied perfectly salmfu d that the Liberty of the Press will ! preserved, nnd tho Liberty of the Senate also. Cm. ( Ami. 0 7 A project is on loot for making a marine railway across tho Islhums. between Nova Scotia ai d New Uruiiswick. J. n Aboott, Jacob Turn 11. N unc, Jr., r . A M. Cormick, James Moge N. H Mirple, W. F. Legg, II L. Richards, Win. II. Kent, John Miller, D. A. Tyng, J. M Starling, It. C. Murphy, 11. Ilulberl, R L-iriuiore, Jr., C.R.King, II. K.CohIcs, C. Iliggms, J. G. Allium, A. F. Perry, J.T. Leef, C. P. L. Ruiler, II. L Hitchcock, IL M Hubbard, G. W. Howell, John Hough, Wa'hinoton, April II, 117. Gr.NTi.r.MEN : On the eve of my departure from this ( it V, 1 nave the honor to receive your letter ol tlx 'J? th of last month, inviting me to lake Columbus ut my way, on my return from the South. 1 should hardly fail, gentlemen, without any invita tion, to visit Columbus, ou any journey, which should j hruift me near it. Your friendly letter, so respectably and numerously signed, cannot but increase the inducements to such a visit. j If nothing should nrcur, to derange mv purposes. I shall hope to be in Columbus about the last of May. 1 am, gentlemen, with great regard, your obliged friend and fellow ctliien, DAMLL WhHNTLK. Hon. J. RmnwAV, R. W M Coy, F.sq .C. Fay, F.sq., L. Kn.Houit.tr., Knq , L. Goohale, Lsq., and others, citizens of Columbus. Gen. Tii) lor a Prophet. It has often been said, that " cruelty and cowardice go together." The same sentiment is well expressed in the following extract from a general order of Gen- ral laylar, delivered just before the battle of lluenu isM : Hie commanding General regrets most deeply that circumstances again impose upon him the duty of issuing orders upon the subject of marauding and mal-trcating the Mexican, buch deeds have recently been perpetrated by a portion o the Arkansas caval- rv cast ind"llihle disgrace upon our arms, and repu tntion of our country. The General had hoped that he might le able in a short time to resume onVnsivo operations, but if orders, discipline, and all the dic tates ot Humanity are si'i ai ueiiance, u is vain to expect any thing but disaster and defeat, Tht mm icha rotranlhj ft to death Mi;i miing Mrriean are not MfMr trho mil tustatn tht honor of our arms in the tiny of trial.' As our readers know the day of trial enme nnd these Arkansas volunteers fled from the field, while the brave Yell, rallying only a hundred of true men like himself, lost Ins life tu redeem the tarnished honor of. his State. This prediction and its fulfillment form a remarkable feature in the history of t'is battle. Vimland llrrald. Political Anecdote. During the recent eon grejsional cativasi in Virginia, Mr, Leake and Mr, Ooggm were the opposing candidates in the oth district, and they stumped it together as usual iu that State. It seems that in H , Mr. Leake expressed his conviction that annexation would not lend to war, enforcing Ins conviction by the pledge that he bun-elf would ii all thrfi'hlinif that trould hecnusrd hij it ! iu the diciision in Nelson, Mr. Gogi;in called the at tention nf a recruiting Sergeant, who was on the spot. to Mr. Leake, as one who had rnlittvd ttro years ugot out trho nan ncrcr )nnru nit rrgmrnt, Piu.ua Riufuii Hank. Tho Register of May 1st says " About !lO,flflil more thin tho amount necessary for commencing operations by the Institution have ai ready been paid in. t'rtry stockholder, we believe, has paid in what was required of bun, while tnanu have paid a great deal more. No Hank in the Htate has commenced operations under more favorable auspices than this will. Kvcrvlhing is now ready await ing the meeting of tho Hoard of Control which will bo two weeks from next lucsday. Pronunciation of Mexican Names. One of tho troubles of those who read the newspa pers now a days, is lo know how to pronounce the names oi mexican men and places, which are found in them. For the satisfaction of our reader we copy from the Cincinnati Commercial, with some slight corrections made bv the New York Tribune, the follow- ing list of Mexican names, and the pronunciation of uiem, as nearly as it can bo given. It is to be noticed that Mexico, in common with other Spanish colonies, has departed very greatly from the pure pronunciation of the language: A'mM. Pronunciation. Drjinition. irnm; ue in i,iiii nay -Min -K no . oav L,an rai-man Nirr nnltn. .Pah-lo Aht-to Tall Tree. .San-te-ah-go St. James. . Kee-o del Nortay . , North River, .('hah-pnhr-rah ....Small bunh. .('hab-phbr-nlil ...Clump of bushes. .Rabu-chay-ro One who labors on a rune ho, Hahn-ebo Small farm. .Itnh-Cfl-nn-dhu ....Plantation. .Paj-lona (Greater) one ofthe rabble. .Mon-ta-ray The King of the mountain. .I'ltih-iah Pnkii Hinconado Hia-co nah dlio..,.lnnido corner! Los Miierto Lohs Mwer tubs Land ofthe dead. '""o Sawl-te-yo Side hill, or fall of tatili; land. ! ...Hwey na Veei-lah Pleasant View. I .Kims in can-tali dims ...f'hee-nnh ..I'.i-tiihii-ko Pal ma Palo Alto Santiago Itio del Norte . ('Iiipparra Cliapirrsl Rimcbcro Kane ho Hacienda Pelun Monterey Plats. . Iliiena Vjsti Las Incuiitadas . China Lstauque Agua Nima Agua Nueva . .Enchanted ground. Artificial pond ot wnicr. ...Ag-wah Water. ,..Nu-vce-ah Well, (tho water of which is drawn out by machinery. ...Air-wah New-svvahNflw Water. San Luis I'otosi ...Lan Lew-is Poto-Lobos, (Island).. ..Lobus Wntl Cerralvo La-rahl-vo Sierra See-er-rah Mountain ridge. San Juan de Llua..Sun Wtmbn daOo-loo-ali Vera Crux Yay-r:ih Crom ....True Cross. AWarado Al-vub-rah-dho Anton Lizanlo ....An-ton Lep-znrlhol.iranl Point. Jalnpa Ilili-lah-pal Jalnp. I iiicuro May-hec-co Sacrilicio Sac-ree-freso-ohs .Place of Saciifico. Bonita Ho nee-tah Prettv. Iu v't.i .....Lnv Vay-gah Amnudia A m-imo-dlio-uh .... Mcjia Mav-hec-ah C-aimles ( nli-iinh-lt-B , iredes I'ah-rav-dbes Gomez Karias Go-inez Fa ree nss curre ou the Three Million Hill. The National Intelligencer publishes the speech of Mr. Pearre, of Maryland, delivered in the Senile of tho United States op the iirst of March hint, the three million bill being under consideration. This speech is one mainly of facts and statistics rcluim? to the original sclMe incut and proprietorship of Texas the whole happily outlined and brought to bear with clearness and force upon the question of territorial right involved in the affairs of Texas and Mexico. The fact that the Nueces was the western boundary of Texas, the Texas known to the world as a Spanish province, nmi micrwards as a Mexican htate, is so fully CHtibltshed noy, we may say, is so notorious, that there is no room left for doubt, no occasion for proof. The (.(-. lira nf Mi. It, nton ut. II. ia oollit, T there were no other source of information, would be abundantly sufficient to s-t tho mutter at rest. Mr. Peurce quotes that Senator as remonstrating and protesting ug.unit the treaty of annexation which embodied the claim of Texas to the Kio Grande, of which remotistruuce and proleal ihe following resolution is a synopsis : UtMolrrd, That the incorporation of the left bank of the Rio del Norte with the American Union, by virtue of a treaty with Texas, comprehending, as the said incorporation would do, a port of the Mexican Departments of New Mexico, Chihuahua, Couhuila, and Tauiatilipas would be an act of direct aggression, for all the consequences of which the United State would stand responsible." The chine of Texas, however, to the Rio Grande, it is proper to say, is founded upon the alleged extent of the French possessions in tlul quarter. Tho allegation is that the French province ol Louisiana reached to the Rio Grande. Into this didpute we do not propone lo enter since it lias alway seemed to us that tho Florida treaty of llli is conclusive on that point, so far as the United Stales are concerned. Hut whatever might have been the nature of tho claims of Texas, und in reference to tins part of the subject Mr. Pearce' speech will be found to contain lull information, aJmirnbly arranged, and whatever might have been the extent to which the trratyui annexation would nave bound us to the support of the extreme Texan claims, it is certain thai the rrtidution of annexation, which was adopted, b li the wh ile question of territorial rights between Texas and Mexico undetermined, and suhjccl to future adjustment. We hete quote from Mr. Pearce, who ajaks strongly to tlrs point : Tho opposition of the Senator from Missouri tn tho treaty of H, contributed largely to its defeat. He washed his hands of tho deed of mndnrtt and trim then, but washed them in it at the enduing session of Congress, when the annexation was effected by, what 1 consider, the unconstitutional form of a joint resolution a treaty of incorporation accompanied hy leg-isl alive act. I remember that when the Senator from New Jersey (Mr. Miller,) offered, as an amendment to the resolutions of annexation, one of the Senator' (Mr. Rentoii's) resolutions, submitted by him at the 1 previous session, and exprensed the hotc that hu own offspring would meet with favor at bis binds, he re- fhed that he would kill it stone dead and so he did. tut there was this dilference between the treaty nnd the joint resolution by which Texas was annexed The former was held by many to dispossess Mexico of, or, to use the language of the Senator from Missouri, to disrupt and tear from her tho vnlley ot the Rto Grande, which she had held for centuries. The joint resolutions were intended to be so framed as to guard against tins objection. They provided that the ttrri' tori property mrludtd within and rightfully 6tengnig to Virus might be erected into a new stale ; and the consent of Cong reus to its admission into the Union was given, on the condition that all questions of boundary that might arise with other governments should be subject to adjuiluii-ut by I ho Government of the United States. We know, sir, that this provision was intended to guard against any diiliculty that might arise from the Texan claim to the Rio Grande a claim which they had never been able to enforce, and which was considered by Ihe Senator from Missouri himself as utterly unfounded. This proviso was intended lo secure the control nf that matter, hot'to the President of tho United Slntes, but to the whole Government to both branches of Congress, if the war-mnking nuwer uliould be invoked for its settlement to the President and the Senate, if tho treaty making power should be nil-equate to its adjustment. No one dreamed, until the deed was done. Hint tins doruiuu knot was to be cut by the Kxeculive sword; that the President, without tho authority and knowledge of Cong re, while it was in session, and might have liecn nonsuited for instruction and authotity, would be guilty of ihe " mad. ness and crime" nf seixiug upon any portion of tin " slice of Mexico," and would thus involve the country iu Ihe untiaralled outrage'' of llus aggression upon Mci ot.' Whoever considers these facts and the attendant circumstances must see thai the war in which we aro now cnuaged i a Presidential war, and a war of con quest. The responsibility which Mr, Polk assumed of determining that Texas did extend to the Uio Grande a thmg which Congress bad refuse to say was indicated to Ihe world by ihe order to Gcu. Taylor In march to that river and to occupy its left b.iiik. If Cong re us hid authorised this order and Congress wss in session when it was given il would have been substantially a declaration of wnr, as it wns in fnet when it came from .Mr. f olk, tin d.llcrenre tn tie observed is, that Congress is empowered by the Con-still t on to declare war and Ihe President is not. This dilference is apt to be overlooked by Mr. Polk's apu-log la. Halt .ItnrrirnH. In the Legislature of New York, on Hiturdnv, a communication was received from Chancellor Walworth, declining the oiler of Commissioner of the ('ode. He mys be could not frame such a code of liws as he could desire to present, in less than five years, devoting IM hours each day for that duty. From the National Intelligencer. Interesting to Volunteer. In inserting the followiuir General Order, nrnvidinrr for the settlement of claims by discharged volunteer soldiers, for bounty land or Treasury cnp, we are requested to invite attention to its provisions. As the just claims of the volunteer can only be established and settled on furnishing the requisite evidence in such cases, tho volunteer ollicers should make themselves fully acquainted with tho regulation, and be govuriieu nccorumgiy : Gknluw. Onnras, ) . Wa" H"htmf..it, No Id i r ":!IKH, 9 On irr, ) Wash i nsf ton, .Iprit ifti, 1H.J7. 1. Iu order lo secure, without delay or inconvenience to tho volunteer toldier, who shall receive an honorable discharge, or who shall have "been killed or died of wounds," (or his heirs, Ac, as the case may be,) the bounty land or Treasury seripx provided by the IHh section of the aet of February II, it is necessary that the following instruction be duly observed by the ollices concerned. !4. I 'oluntetrt mustered out oj service on the expiration of their term. The rolls for this purpose must contain all the namet which have been borne on the previous muster-rolls, Irom tho firat, or the ono mustered into service, including all who have diid, been cavtured. discharged. or have deserted since the enrolment of the company, ihi appropriate reuiarKB opposite iho name ot each respectively. All absentees must be satisfactorily accounted for by explanations recorded in the column of remarks. 1 his roll, containing the information above required, will be prepared and completed at the time lh.it the company may be discharged, and bo forwarded by the ollieer charged with mustering it out of service, direct to the Adjutant General Olhce, War Departmentendorsed ' For the Commissioner of Pensions, llounty Land Hureau." The roll jviII only vary from the ordidary muster-roll used for tho payment of com-anies by the addition of the names of all who have died, been captured, discharged, or have deserted since the day of muster into service. tf. htdiritiunl discharges of lolunterrs Itfare the tx- pirati.-n f Mill limttn uo yuf.td f immmJ t cduririne incurred m the course of ' the serrice. Tiie certificate of disability and discharge in such case will be given in duplicate, and must, in every instance, set forth the oriirin and nature (' ihe wound receieved or sickness incurred in the course of the service, agreeably lo the established printed form, dated April tfj, If-17. One copy of this certificate will be forwarded by the ollieer signing the discharge of the volunteer soldier, direct to tho Adiutant Geue- ral ot the Army endorsed "For the Commissioner oi Tensions, llounty Laud Bureau. 4. The Commissioner of Pensions, under the dirrc tion of the Secretary of War. beiiiir charired bv law nmi hot uiiaineas oi in vesugating claims lor Uounty bind, Hi,e.t provided by the munificence of the Gov ernment, commanders of volunteer regiments and companies will see tho necessity of preparing and iorwruiiig, mn nerein required, the requisite musler-rull, nr certificates, as the case may lie, being the lieo- isary evidence of service and of honorable discharge. to unable the faithful volunteer, or his heirs, Ac., to nn-.vu i root me vr lieptriment the certihcalo or warrant for Ihe bounty of one hundred and sixty merei. or the Treasury scrip for one hundred dollars, as pro- . Ihe "Surgeon' Certificate of ordinaru diiibili- ty," in case nfmvatid soldiers ofthe regular army, will uereaner lie forwarded in duplicate; one of which to or enuorseu lor the Commissioner of Pensions, Uounty hind, Hureau." Jly order: R. JONKS, Adjutant General. N mn 1 1 l!eKtnninc It is related in the Gentleman Mairaxinc.nf Chan- terry the celebrated aculptor, that, when a boy, he was nbserved by a rentleman in tho neighborhood of Sheilield, very attentively engaged in cutting a slick with a penknife, lie akcd the lad what he was do ing; when, with great simplicity of manner, but with great courtesy, - replied, I am cutting old Fox neau. rox was the ehoolmaster of the village. On this, the gentleman asked to seo what ho had dune, and pronouncing it to bo an excellent likeneis, gave the youth a sixpence. And this may be reckoned the first money Chanterey ever received for Hie production of hi art. Tins anecdote is but one of a thousand that mitht lie cited of a many different men, who, from small beginnings, rise to stations and influence ; and shows the importance o n .t despising the day nf sin ill things. in any condition or circumstances of life. All nature, in fact, is full of instructive lessons on Una nmnt. which it would he well for us more thoroughly to Hinjr aim appreciate. The river rolling onward it accumulated waters to the ocean, was in it small beginning bu. an oosing rill, trickling duwn some moss-coven-d rock, and winding, like a silken thread, between the green banks to which it imparled verdure. The tree that sweeps the air with it hundred branches, and mocks al the howling of tho tempest, was, in it small beginning, but a little seed t roil din under foot, unnoticed ; then a small snoot uint iho leaping hare might have forever crushed. Lverything around us tells us not to despise smnll beginnings, fur they are the lower rounds of a ladder th il reaelieth to great results, and wo must step llon these oeioro wo can aswna higher. Despise not the small beirimunirs of wealth. Tho Rothschilds, Gmud, Aslor, and most of the richest men, began with small means. From ecu Is they proceeded lo dolhirs ; front hundreds to thou, sands; and from thousands to millions. Had thct neglected these first earnings, bad they sa d within themselves, what is tho use of these few cent ? they are not ol inueii value, nnd 1 will just spend them, ami enjoy myself as 1 go they would never have risen to be the wealthiest among their fellows. It is only by this economical husbanding of small means that they increase to large sums. II is the hardest part of success to gam a liitle ; this Uttlt once gained, iNiirr will easily follow. Despise not the small beginnings nf education Franklin had but little early education; yet look at what he become nnd how he is reverenced, rergit' son, feeding Ins sheep on the lulls of Scotland, picked up merely tho rudimeuls of learning, but subsequently rose to bo ono of the first astronomers of Kurope, llerschei, the greut astronomer, was in hi youth a drummer-boy to a marching regiment, and received but btlle more (linn a drummer-boy ' edu atiop j Unt Ins name is now associated with the highest discoveries of science, and is borne by the planet which his leal discovered. A host of itihtnnees rise up tu testify that, bv properly improving the small and perhaps imperfect beginning of knowledge, they mn) become as foundation-stones nf a temple of learning, winch the f uture shall gave upon and admire. A man can scarcely lo loo aval cious in the acquisition of knowledge; ho should board up the intellectual gain with the utmost assiduity and dilhgenee, but, unlike the lucre-seeking miser, mils put mil hi knowledge at usury, and by lending mil his stock toothers, inrrenae by the commerce of his thoughts, hi capital, until his one talent shall have become five, and this live shall have gained to them another five I Despise not the small beginnings of fame and honor. The fame which springs upon n sudden likes muh- roum plant, is seldom lasting. True fame and honor to my satisfaction aro of small growth, ascending by degrees, from tie lowest offices lo the highest stations Irom tho regard of a few to the applause of a nation. Hut he who despises the lower steps of honor, because Ihey are low, will seldom reach the higher; and he who spurns at the commendation of his own circlv as too small a thing to seek after, will never secure the esteem and renown of a Stale or kingdom. Despise not the small beginnings of error. The wulls of castle havo been undermined by tho burrowing of small nnd despised animals; and the beginning of error, though at first unheeded, will soon if not checked, sap up the foundations of truth and build up ist own wretched dogmas on its ruin. All first errors are small ; despise them not, they will soon increase to great ones, and, perhaps, devastate society. Sir Roger De Covcrlcy. As a representation of manners a century and a half ago, the picture of Sir Roger do Covcrlcy, a dra ffii by Addison and Steele iu the " The Spectator," ha a remarkable vulue. The good knight i thoroughly English ; and in him we see a beautiful specimen of the old fashioned gentleman, with a high luul of honor, real benevolence, acute sense, mixed up with the eccentricities which belong to a nation of humorists. The reader of "The Spectator" are fast diminishing. No one now give " his days and night to the volumes of Addison, but Ins gentle graceful humor has never been excelled, nnd nowhere is it more conspicuous than in tho papers of which Sir nnger ue voveriey is tho hero. The plan of " The Spectator" is founded upon the fiction of club that assemble every Tuesday and Thursday to carry on the publication. Sir Roger does not appear highly qualified for a literary colleague a collahorateur, as the French stile it but he neverthe less is the foremost in The Spectator's" " account of those gentlemen who are concerned with me in the work. " The first of our Society ia a gentleman of Wor- cestcrshire, of nn ancient descent, a baronet, hi name Sir Roger de Coverley. Hi great grandfather was inventor of that famous country dance which i called after him. All who know that shire aro very well acquainted with the parts and merits of Sir Rog- ile is a gentleman thai is very singular in Ins be havior, but his singularities proceed from his good sense, and are contradictions to the manner of the world, only ns he thinks the world is in the wrong. However, this humor creates him no enemies, for ho does nothing with sourness or obslinncy, and his being u neon nnc a lo modes nnd tortus makes turn hut the readier and more capable to please and oblige all who know him. When he is in town hn lives in Soho Square. It i said he keeps himself bachelor by rea son he was crossed in love by a perverso beautiful widow of Ihe next county to him. Re fore this disappointment, Sir Roger was what you call a fine gen tleman, nnd otten supped w ith my lord Rochester and Sir George Ktherege, fought a duel upon bis first coming to town, and kicked bully Dawson in a public coffee house for calling him youngster; but being ill-used by the above mentioned widow, he was very serious lor a year and a half ; and though, his temper being naturally jovial, ho nt last got over it, he grew cureless of himself, and never dressed nlterwurd. He continues to wear a coat and doublet of Iho same cut that were in fashion ai the time of his repulse, which, in his merry humors, he tells us has been in and out twelve months since he first wore it. He is now in Ins fifty-sixth year, cheerful, gay, ami hearty ; keep a good house both in town and country ; a ureal lover of mankind ; but there is such a mirthful cust in his behavior, that ho is rather beloved than esteemed. His tenants grow rich, his servants look satisfied. and the young women profess love to him, and the young men are glad of his company. When he come into a house he cnlls the servants by their names, and talks all the wny up stairs to a visit. 1 must noi omit that nir Roger is a justice of the quorum, and he nils tho chair of a quarter session with great abilities, and three months ago gained universal applause by explaining a passage in the game act. We hear little of Sir Roger, except an occasional opinion, till we reach the iMti'h number of the Spec- tutor, wtien Addison takes up the man of whom he said " we are horn for each other." " Havingoften received nn invitation from my friend Sir Roger do Coverley, to pas a month with him in the country, I last week accompanied linn thither, and am settle with him lor some lime at his country .house, where I intend to form several of my ensuing speculations. Sir Roger, who is very well acquainted with my humors, lets me riso and go to bed when I please. dine at his own table or in my chamber, as I think fit, sit still and say nothing without bidding me be merry. When the gentlemen of tho country come to see him, he shows me at a distance. A I have been walking in hi fields I have observed thein stealing a Bight of me over a hedge, and have heard the knight desiring litem noi to lei me seo Uiem, lor that 1 hated to he :ared at. " 1 am the more at ease in Sir Rogers' family, be- knight is the best master in the world, he seldom changes his servants; and as he is beloved by all about him, his servants never care for leaving him : by this means uis uomesiics are ail in years, and grown old with their master. You would take hisvalel-de-chani-bre for his brother; but his butler is grey headed, his groom ia nne ot me gravest men thai 1 have ever see, and his cnnchinnn has the looks of a privy-councillor, lou see Ihe goodness of the master even in his old house dog, and in a gray pad that is kepi in tho stable with great care and tenderness, out of regard to his past services, though he hn been useless for several years. I could not but observe with a great deal of plea sure the joy that apjteared in the countenances of these ancient domestics upon my friend s arrival at hi country-seat. Some of them Could not refrain from tear at the light of their old master, every one of ihen pressed forward to do something for him, and Bcemed discournged if they were not employed. At ine same unio me good oiu knight with a mixture o the father and the master of the family, tempered the inquiries after his own alfiirs with several kind question relating to themselves. 'Phis humanity and good nature eng.igea every body to him, so that when he is pleasant upon any of them, all his family are in good humor, and none so much ns the person whom he diverts himself with ; on the contrary, if he coughs, or betrays any infirmity of old age, it is easy for astan-der-by to observe a secret concern in the looks of alt his servants. " My worthy friend has put me under the particu lar care of his butler, who is a very prudent man, and, a well as the rest of his fellow servants, wonderf ully desirous of pleasing, because they have often heard their mailer talk of me as of Ins particular friends." such is the general outline ol the character and po sition ol Si Roger de Coverley. In succeeding numbers we shall present hi minuter features. Ihe humor ol Addison i manifest in hi denota tion of Sir Roger chaplain : and that personage is a pleasing specimen ol the unambitious, quiet, placable clergyman of the days of Anne, when there wa not a vast amount of xeol in the church, and perhaps not quite so much piety a an earnest christian would de sire. My chief companion, when Sir Roger is diverting himself in the wood or the fields, is a very vene rable man wtio is ever with Sir Roger, and ha lived at hi house in the nature of a chaplain above thirty years. This gentleman i a person of good sense and some learning, of a very regular life and obliging conversation t hu heartily love Sir Roger, and know tlint be is very much in the old knight's esteem, so lint he live in the family rather a a relation than as a dependant. ' I have observed in several of my papers that my friend Sir Roger, amidst all his good qualities, ia something of a humorist; and that his virtue as well ai imperfection are, a it were, tinged by a certain extravagance, which make them particularly his, and distinguishes thorn from those of other men. Tin east of mind, as it is generally very innocent in itself, so t renders his conversation highly ngreesble and more delightful than the same degne of sense snd virtue would appear in their common ordinary colors. As I was walking with him last night, be asked mo how I liked the good man whom 1 have just now mentioned ; and without sluying for my answer, told mo that hu was afraid of being insulted with Latin and Greek at his own table; lor which reason he desired a particular friend of his at the university to find him out a clergyman rather of plain tense than nf much learning, of a good asjieel, a elenr voice, a sociable temper, nnd, il possible, a man ttiat understood a lit-tie of backgammon. My friend," say Sir Roger, "found me out tin gentlemnn, who, beside the endowments required of him, is, they tell inn, a good scholar, though he doe not show it. 1 have given him the parsoungo of the parish ; and, because I know Irs value, have settled upon him a good annuity for life. If ho outlive me, hu shall find thai he was higher in my esteem than perhaps ho thinks be i. lie ha now been w ith me tinriy yenrs; ami mougn no does not know I have tnken notice of it, has never in nil that tune asked anything of me for himself, though he is every day soliciting me for something in behalf of one or other of my tenants, his pnnshoner. There has not been a lawsuit in the parish smcu he has lived aniono- them : if any dispute arises, they apply themselves to bun for the decision ; if Ihey do not ac quierce in hi judgment, which I ihmk never Inppen-ed above once or twice at most, they appeal tu me, Al hi liral settling with me, I made I a present of all the good sermons which have been printed in Kng-lish, nnd only begged of rnm Hint every Sunday be would pronounce one of them in ihe pulpil. Accordingly he has digested them into such a series that they follow one another naturally, and make a continued system of practical divituly." The Spectator goes to church ami liears "ine itisu-op of St. Asaph in the morning, and Dr. South in the afternoon ;" Hint is he hears the chaplain rend a sermon from Fleetwood and South printed collections. He says, " I was so charmed wilh the grnccl'iihicBHof Ins figure and delivery, as well as with the discourse he I nronounred, that I think 1 never passed nny lime more he would of a play; which was indeed very much the temper of the Spectator's ago. He reio emends to ine county clergy not to waste their spirits in moo-riouB compositions of their own ;" but to enforce " by a nanusome elocution those discourse " which have been penned by ureal masters.' ' W hether the advico be judicious or nut is scarcely necpsaurv to be discus sed. There is something higher Ut be attsined by preaching than enabling a liuener to pass his time to his satisfaction ; but samcthing even worse may be ef u-uicu uy ooiu, iiicouereni preaching -drowsiness under the shadow of high pews. t lie ghosts which used to haunt sir Roger s mansion were laid, even in his time, by a good orthudox process: " My friend Sir Roirer has often told me. with a great deal of mirth, that at his first coining to his estate, he found three parts of his house altogether use less ; that the best room in it had the reputation of being haunted, and by that means was fccked up ; that noises had been heard in his long gallery, so that ho could not get a servant to enter it after eight o'clock at night; that the door of ono of his chambers wus nailed up, because t lie re went a story in the house that a butler had formerly hanged himself in it; and that his mother, who lived to a great age, had shut up half the rooms in the house, iu which either her husband, a sou or daughter had died. The knight, seeing hi habitation reduced to so small a compass, and him- . self in a manner shut out of his own house, upon lb death of his mother, ordered all the apartment to be thrown open, and exercised by his chaplain, who lay in every room, one ofler after another, and by that means dissipated Iho fears which had so long reigned in tho ittuiuy. Rut the belief in apparations wa not passed away. The haunted ruins are described by Addison with his usual grace : At a littlo distance from Sir Roger's house, among the ruins of an old abbey, there ia a long walk of aged elms, which are shot up so very high, that when one passes unuer mom, ihe rouks and crows that rest upon uio lops ot lliem seeiu to be cawing in another region. I mn very much delighted with this sort of noise, which I consider a kind of natural prayer to that Ueing who supplies the wants of hi own creation, and who, in the beautiful language of tho Psalms, fcedcth tho young ravens that call upon him. 1 like this retirement the better, because of an ill report it lies under of being haunted ; for which reason (as 1 have been told in the fmnily) no living creature ever walk in it beside the chaplain. My good freind Ihe butler desired me wilh a very grave litce, not tu venture myself in it after sunset, for that one of the footmen had been almost frightened out of his wits by a spirit that ap peared to pun in the shape ot a black horse without a head; tu which he added that about a month ago one of the maids, coming home late that way with a pail of milk upon her head, heard such a rustling among the bushes that she let it fall." 1 he lame ol the Spectator s Sir Roger de Coverley was revived some twenty years ago by one of the moht beautiful pictures of the modern Knglish school, tho charming representation, by Newton, of the fine old squire coming out of church, amidst the reverential greetings of his alfectionate tenantry. This was a real old Knglish scene ; and such as touched our sympathies even in an age when much of this cordial intercourse between Ihe great and ihe humble ha passed away. Ihe paper of Tho Spectator upon which this picture is founded i by Addison, and in his best lyie : 11 1 am always very well pleased with a country Sunday, and think, il keeping holy the seventh day wero only a human institution, it would be the best method that could havo been thought of for the polishing and civilizing of mankind. Jt is certain the country people would soon degenerate into a kind of savages and barbarians, were there not such frequent returns ot a stated tune, in which the whole Village meet together with their best faces, and in their cleanest habits, to converse wilh one another upon different subjects, hear their duties explained to them, and join together in adoration of the Supreme lieing. bunday clears away the rust ot the whole week, not only as it refreshes in their minds the notions of religion, bul a it put both the sexe upon apjiearmg iu their most agreeable form, and exerting all such qualities as are apt lo give them a figure in the eye of the villige. A country fellow distinguishes himself as much in Ihe church-yard as a citizen does upon the 'change, the whole parish politics being generally discussed in that place either after sermon or before tho bell rings. My friend Sir Roger, being a good churchman, has beautified the inside of his church wilh several texls of his own choosing. He has likewise given a handsome pulpit cloth, and railed in the communion lable at hi own expense. He has often told me, that at hi coming to his estate iic found hi parishioner very irregular, and that in order to make them kneel, and join in tho response, he gave every one of them a hassock, and a common prayer book ; and at the samo lime employed an itinerant singing uinstcr, who govs about the country for tlint purpose, to instruct lliem rihtl in the tunes of the Psalms, upon which they now very much vulue themselves, and indeed outdo most of the country churches that 1 have ever heard. "mr Roger is landlord to tfie whole congregation, he keeps them in very good order, and will sutler nobody to sleep in it beside himself; for if by chance be has been surprised into a short nap at sermon, upon recovering nut if it he stands up and look about him, and if he sees anybody else nodding, either Wakes uiem nunseii, or send hi servant to wake them. Several other of the old knight' peculiarities break out upon these occasion. Sometimes he will bu lengthening out a verse in the singing Psalms, half a minute after the rest nf the congregation have done wilh it ; sometime when he i pleased with th matter of his devotion, he pronounce Amen three or four tunes in the same prayer ; and sometime stands up wncn every rdy else is upon their knees, to count the congregation, or see if any of his tenants aro missing. ' I was yesterday very much surnrised to hear mv old friend, m the midst of the service calling out to one jonn iununew lo mind wnat ne was about, and not disturb the congregation. This John Matthews il seems is remarkable tor being an idle fellow, and at that time was kicking his heels for his diversion. Tin authority of the knight, though exerted in that odd manner which accompanie him in all the circumstance of life, ha a very good effect upon the parish, wno aro not pohte enough to see anything ridiculous in his behaviour; besides that the general good sense and worthiness of his character uiske his friends observe these little singularities a foil that rather set off than blemish his good quslities. As soon as the aermou is mushed, nobody pre sume to stir till sir Roger is gone out of the church. I ne knight walks down trora his seat in the chancel between a double row of hi tenant, that stand bowing to him on each aide ; and every now and then in quires how such a one s wile, or mother, or eon, or father do, whom he doe not see at church; which is understood a a secret reprimand to the person that is absent. The chaplain has often told me, that upon a cate chising day, when sir Roger has been pleased with a boy that answer well, ho ha ordered a Bible to be given lo him next day for his encouragement, and sometimes accompanies it wilh a Aitch of bacon to his mother. Sir Roger has likewise added five pounds a year to the clerk's place ; and that he may encourago the young fellows to make themselves perfect in the church service, has promised upon lite death of the prt sent incumbent, who is very old. to bestow it ac cording to merit. "Ihe fair understanding between Sir Roger and his chaplain, and their mutual occurence in doing good, is Ihe more remarkable, because the very next village i famous for the dtlfcrrncea snd contentions that arise between the parson and the 'squire, who live in a per pet n ill slate of war. The parson is always preaching; at the 'squire, and the 'squire, to be revenged on iho ......... ........ U.... -V... i. n-i. r i . rxi !, nun v i. o uii ii. i iic rquiro tins made all tt nanta atheist and tilhe-stealers, while the parson instruct them every Sunday in the dignity of ins order, nnd insinuates to them, in almost every sermon, that he is a better man than his patron. In abort matters are come lo such an extremity that the 'squire has not said his prayer either in public or private this half year; and the parson threaten him, if he doe not mend hi manners, to prny fur him in the face of the whole congregation. Feuds of llus nature, though too frequent in the country, are very fatal to tho ordinary people; who are so used to be daxtled with riches that Ihey pay as much deference to the understanding of a man of an estate as of a man of learning; and are very hardly brought to rcgiud any truth, how important soever it may be, that is preached lo Ihnn, when they know there are seven men of live hundred a year who do not believe it." The quiet humof of tin plenssnt description furnish es in itaclfa tolernble example of the stale of opinion in the reign of tjuiin Anne our August mi sge, a it has often been called. It shows the cold and worldly aspect with the most solemn institutions presented to the eye of the conventional moralist. There i something much higher in Ihe association of Christians in public worship than even Ihe good of meeting together with "best fare and clennliesl habits." Holiday ia to Im- observed (It something better than " clearing away the rust of ihe week," and "putting both sc ea upon appearing in their most agreeable forms." Hut for to long a period this ha been very much the orthdi notion of Sunday and Sunday duties ; and the rest purpose of public worship, that of catling forth the spiritual and unworldly tendencies nf our nature, tn theexclusioii of the ambition and vanity of every day life, is only beginning yet lo be generally felt .n town or village. Givv. tiil Drvii.im Di k. The Washington Ilnion claims tor the President nil the credit of the battle nf Hnena Vista. The Louisville Journal say it l Uh-questionnblv a fact that, if lMk had mt sent Hants Anna into Mexico, Mr tmtilt if tln$n l ulu would mv er had ottrrnd, 0 r F.migniniB at New York from January 1st (0 'April Jib, .U&L