Weekly Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1841), 1847-07-21

              WEE Dj y OHIO STATE RNAT 1 1 JIJ0 VOLUME XXXVII. HJIll.lSIII',l KVI'.IIY WKKNKSIWY MOllNIMi, BY WILLIAM 15. TIIK.VIX. Ollko ill tho Journal HniMing. south-east curnur of Uili slreclmui Jitriir alley. T E H At S ; Thiikp. Pdm.aii I'FH insru. which may he di churned by tlitt payment nf Two I ton. All in advance, ami fruu of postage, or f prreiuitiig" to .Wmils or Collectors. TIiij Journal is al-o piililohnd daily durum Hit- sussinn nf )o hcimd-mire, and thrice n week tli! reiiiamderof tho " fnrV.i; and throo tunus a wetik,yuarlytfor$l. COLUMBUS, WEDNESDAY, JULY 21, 1847. NUMBER 47. TIltllSDAY liVENI.NG, July 15, IH17. tliiciik'O Conveutimi. Wo give to-day tin: proceedings til' the great Convention whi:h assembled (it Chicago mi the flh inst. Those proceedings cm liiirdly Tail to exert an influence uiu the. legislation and policy ot the country. The many who attended it from remote parts of the Nation, will return home belter informed of ihe magnitude of the interests involved, nud of the prospective ability of the " Young Giant" to vindicate those interests. Tlie information they acquired will tilt upon tliu actimi of Congress and in time will nuke itself heard and understood, even by the dull earn uf executive drowsiness. "Greenville Hiimier." The first number of a paper of which this is the title came to hand last evening. U i published in Grcell-ville, tin; county Heat of Darke county. Gen- Uhun Kli.l w Hid Editor und Proprietor. The " Haimer " ia neatly executed and declares for " It'hie principles and measures frankly and iiidepeiidciilly." The Manner avows in the outlet its hostility to " any caucus dictation by one man or net of men." An editor in this ltfpublicu country of ours alioiild spurn all and j gave itt all inaniitfr of ' d.ctalioii, from whatever source it luav proceed. Having possessed himself of the bent available means i f forming a correct opinion upon the fli'Veral topics he may be called upon to discus, he should be left at liberty to express that opinion with perfect and entire freedom. .Nor have caucuses, more than any oilier description of persons, a right to divest ail editor of such freedon. Indeed, we incline to Unbelief that if caucuses could by rummnn anuml he dispensed with, tin1 public interests would not suli'er from their disiue, llul while partisan organization and caiicu.-t tioiniiialioiiK are resorted In by one portion of the community, thorn IioUiiii; ddfereiit sentiments limit take counsel together, und m el nrgaui. ition With countervailing concert, or ihey will be likely to find ill the (triple! that the conccs-doii math; for the eommim good has been so overruled s to inure trrht-sirrhj to the advantage of their adversaries. With a great portion of the coiniuiiiuly it is not always matter of choice whether they will have recourse to caucuses or conventions, or whether they will not. This nutter is virtually decided for llieiu by the action of their opponents ; and the option remaining to llieiu, i to choou- between the evil growing out of that system of selecting candidates on the one hand, and the prostration of their political preference mid the triumph of antagonist principles on the other. We wish the " It si:n " abund int success in vin dicitmg " Wing principles and measures." The editor will not have progressed fir in his new and responsible career, be fire h1) will learn, if indeed he has nt already anlioipilcd the fact, that In path, which at first presents so in my attractions, ii also beset with cares and dill'ieulties. And we would conclude our notice of the advent of (he " tint untie liunntr," already too long, with a In arty wo h for its success, nud (or the health and li ippmcs of lis editor, (which we certainly wish him,) but for a recollection of the fact tint th-re is already a piper p ihlidn d in the mine village wlncli h is so fir as we ku nv, d me faithful service in the Wing raiHe. There uuy be ample scope and patronage lor both ; w tnul the event may prove no; or if not, lb it they will coucentrat" and consolj. dlte their interests and their etf Tts. Let not the guod Whig cause be degraded by a aceue a leh as that now eniiclmg bv the two rival bellows-blower of " limn era? it" in this nty. An indent desire for the triumph if " Whig priucipleit and measured " cmboldeiiH us to exhort our brelh'-rn of the (ireenville "Patriot" and 44 Wanner," 44 " Jf that ij full "t ltj the iniij." New llnniiohire llleelinii. lnlnnof the liislncla 'd' New I lanipilire, no choice was made tif Itimreseiitatives in Congress at lie re:u hr election in the SpruiL', and special elections have just been held to Mipply the vacancies. t,i,h f thiff itistrirls, thr iltrtmii h.is riiii'h,t in thr tl,itr of II"hie M mhrrs. ti tniiuiiihiiiit mnjundm '. Thus is the IriHlt Relief. We comply with the request of one who bore an active part in procuring contributions to the Relief fund in this county, by calling the attention of the Kxecu tive committee to thu fact that no Report has been made to the public, as wascontempliited, setting forth the contributors, and accounting for the disposition of the fund. We are assured that mmiu of the contributors are expressing impatience at the delay of this lung looked for Report. Let those whose duly it ia, look to the matter. I 'or tho Ohio Stile Journal. Columnim Femulu Nemiiinry. The semi-annual public examination of the yoinig ladies connected with this Institution took pl'tcu last week, in the United Slates Court Room. The undersigned take pleasure in publicly testifying to tho gratification which the exercised rill'orded them. Mr. tV Mrs. .St iii.nck are certainly admirably qualified by nature mid education for the work of instruction Nothing more than an attendance at one of their examination is necessary to imprest! one thoroughly will) this lact. The pupils have not been stored with facta to be retailed at an exhibition ami then furiiotteii. They have been taught iathitili to inquire into the ctuisrs of things to studv the relations of objects, und so to systematize nud digest their information that it may be ready for instant use. This was clearly shown by the rapid transition from subject lo subject mule by .Mr. tSchcuck in Ins examinations, and the puzzling paradoxical way in which his questions were proposed. I'tipils less thoroughly disciplined would have been confused by the former, and misled by the hitter peculiarity id' his examination. Hot in this case.thi're was hardly nu instiuce of blundering or hesitation. The iiuick eye of the pupils seemed to take in thu question before it was uttered and the ready t"it;'U r before the visitors coiini rt neci wirii it oiiL'ht to he. We speak more particularly of the el- ! der scholars both b-cnusc a public examination is a fairer lest with them than with those younger and more easily disconcerted and because their present excellence necessaniil I v presupposes a thorough training in the more elein-ut;iry studies. Aiunlst Nu much that was excellent, it ia ditlicull to particularize. Itut we may mention the examination in Arouiotiy, I'liysiolngv, (leobcj-y, Mineral History and Chemistry as especially thorough anil satisfactory. Tlie el iss in (iemuctry have pursued this study only one term, yet seemed perlcctly at home III the subject and shewed an appreciation of its principles and proofs, highly creditable lo theitisel ves aotl their ti-acheri , ami never, in our experience, surpassed by y nog ladies of their age. ( If the comport s read each afternoon, it is not cany to speak loo highly. Some were marked with much vgour of thought ami hcautv ot imagery: and all even lo those wnteu and read by little girls from eight to ten years of age, by an easiness of style and ta"ility ol'ex jireismn quite remarkable when con. tnnted with the stitl'and unti itural style in which very young persons usually write. A high tone of moral h. nt ut was delightfully diilWd through ull thu composition.-, The firi-.i r.i.--'i'j pleaded powerfully and eloquently tor ''Fl-Mlli: Km i Ulo " und so siieeessfillly thai a burst of apfitaiine Wat hardly lobe restrained when the writer came forward to receive the premniui. Certificates ofHcholartdiip were presented ami there proved to he a large number of pupils, ugmiHt whom no defective in irk, I't sehol-ir.ihip or deportment was found during the wlede term. Altogether, this examination more th in su itaiie'd the repot ition which Mr. i Mrs. Schciick hive uc. q'lireit from preccedmg ones. They h ive great reason to he proud oflheir ellorts toramti tin' l iinbird ot' 44 I'V-milc liicatem" in the west. And the crowtb d nil hence wli t witnessed llie rioting cx reises on S it-uni ty afternoon, shewed tint the eii ,)' Coluinbu. are not uuuuidt'ul of the merits nl'tlii.s institution. 1'iirciil ;it n dut inee, we are insured, can liud no place in which their d imliters will he b tier educated phvMcilly, nth llectually,s..cially and morally to the 1aud in! of perfect womanhood, than hi tin.1 Coi.i tm s i'i:ji i I-. Si his v,. i.i i i A Ttst, II. ItSMV, I.. Rn ii ii, in, Pool l l I., Join I'ltlti, II I,. Mm,s, It I'. Ci uto( 1- Mtl t li Will till), V u. Rn ii w;iM, (ii: M Ih .1 i n 1 1 i i: M-ioin , Ii. It I I II A t, in C. Noiii.i., I I). L UIIll Molil , (IllCUiO OIWllMIOV. The Chicago Democrat contains very full accounts of tht! Convention up to Tuesday evening I'm in which we compile the following : On the morning of tin! nth the immense concourse of delegates was called to order by Dr. 1. Maxwell, Marshal of the day, after which the Mayor, Hon. Ja s Curtis, welcomed the delegates in a brief and appropriate speech, after which On motion of Win. H. Ogden, Chairman of the general committee, James 1,. Rurton, of Hult'alo, was called to preside, temporarily; and A. It Chambers, of St, Louis, ,Mo.t and flans Crocker, of Wisconsin, as Secretaries. Mr HutroN, upon being conducted to the ('hair, made lua acknowledgments for Die honor conferred upon him, in very appropriate terms. lie then culled upon the Rev. Mr. Am.i:m, late President of IJowdom College, but now a delegate from Massachusetts, to address the throtio uf grace, who complied with his request. The genera! committee, through Mr. Smith of Chicago, presented the following proposition for the government of the convention : 1st. The tSutea shall be called over and tho Delegations through one oflheir number shall report a written list of the names of their Delegates m attendance from each State ami Territory, giving their locality as far as practicable. A committee of one from each State and Ter ritory, (to be designated by the Delegation thereof) shall be appointed lo report lu the Con vention, olficers for its government rules for its conduct, out) the or der of its business. ltd. Upon a division being railed for mi anv ques tion, the Delegation of each State mid Territory shall lie eutttleil to cast (he vote ol the State or territory, according to its representation in the rederal doveru- tnenl. Territories to be entitled to four votes. 'Ith. Fu'h Delegation is requested lo appoint one of their nu. nber to respond to the Chair in casting thu vot- of their State or Territory. .Mr. I'lci.nof New York, requesteo that the pro positions he put separately, winch was agreed to. On m)lion ot hoi.o.s Ioiiimis, ot la , the reports of Delegates were postponed until after the permanent organization m me t. (invention. Mr. Kim. ii of N. V , proposed an amendment to the third proposition ns follows: And the vote of e u h delegation shall be taken bv nves and navs, and in reporting the same to the President, the person announcing it shall announce al so Die si tie of the vole. ' hieil Was adopted. The several propositions were adopted Willi great unanimity. On motion the Mates were called nlplnhoiicaMv. and requested to select out oflheir Uiltliber, Its a Committee to iioimti ale officers for lite permanent organi zation of the Convention. The following Slates answered, and named their committee as follows : i'tttunttiritt,ni'i A. Roi hu r.t.i., yiiinilii John i. Camc, Urttrem Tuoit s Id i i. , u Kim., ooih,i-S. C. Smi-i.i:, tllllll IS A. ,M OJ.S, l-int'S. L. Sloi r, MniirM. A. CinMii rn, .t.t,fihlnnftt.1 Ann MAS I, I K, .Wli I'g.d Jo Itll'I'l t., .S0K1 f it ft ili mi J. I, . Cinnx, M-sMitri Ai iu iii Jt h-os, Si ir ll.niip.thin F. S Fi-ii, ir r.ii if lo. Ii. K niki'A n:it k, .Yiic nrl,.. C. Sci si i. u, O'i0-o. R. C. St in Sh, l'i iiii.-'i'r-nitu A. i i II v i ro, likwlr ll.iml-:. C. (iiutr.s, l.-(il'..(ll M ll-IIf I. M, SlIIONO. Thi' Cniiveiittoii then adjourned until four o'clock, l'. M. I o'clock P. M. Convention being e tiled to order, the I'reMitenl an- mumeed lo the Com, nt lint Die Rev. Dr. All. u, of .Mass., won! 1 address the umllMude tor a few moments, which he dnl in a very h ippv in inner, ennliu-mg hiinsctt to 41 Tlie relileiii of New Filmland pun-t.illlHill lo the growth nud pro.-peels of tin- fst." I le was billowed by eitator Coiiw is, uf Ohio as bd John W. Amii w Rollf. 'I'lliiMfoS, F. J M 1 1 ii i. , J. M. D Kii, ; i. Kmov, P. N. Win i r, id Ciretevdle. To Northern lupitiilist unti .Miiiiiifiu'turer No I. You have capital and desire its application to some, thing uefnl to llie country and profitable to yourselves. High fomictitiu in hu uucns is thought to be like the fable of Die boys stoning the frog;, it, the pond. While it is Ion to one it tit tb ath to lhc other. Tins is an error which too many of ymi have seen ami experienced ; while many have rejoiced nl the came which his product d so iep!or:lilc a retmll Competition lo a proper extent is not unprofitable to (he public, for il likes uniform prices ami cuiphv ; but loo much o t strengthened for a W lug majority hi the next il dues Ii inn. It creates too great an abundance, ami .Inc. lo pneq.ee House uf Represent iltvcs ill Congress A lew weeks ngo, in apprehension of such a catastrophe to it- p arty, Col. Polk's " t ni.m" whistled loudly lit keep up Hie murage of its partisans, and to persuade them Hut all was right there was no dinger 'Mhe party" was not falling to leewnrd. It entered into a calcul.ilioii to prove these its aralioits and in that calculation, cbttmri) both thrnr Ih.-lrirtu fur tht Litrofonis .' Ilullhe elections are over, and the nlory is told. In the first district, the majority for Mr. Tuck is about '.j.Xill; itud in thu 'M district, Ceil- Wilson's majority is about :iui). Our neighbor St'itistixin is very laconic in an nouiicing (hese results, lie says . 4,The two vacancies in Congress from New II iiup-slttre, in federal district, ate tilled by a union of llie Whigs and abhtiouists." Having thus said, he hat not another word to sp ire on the subject. 44 Federal dn.tn.is" 14 Whigs and abohlioiiMts ! " How upon earth came the I im-n. (which is the SniUsmnn't god-father,) to ealeiilite. llpollthe election ot' two locufoeos, Irmtl Ihsee " fe.fe. rul districts r " How is it lb it tin? S.'uh fimin has been trying fir years to convince its renders, mild il his appiriT.tlv Wrought iNclfllllo the hehef th it the W lugs nud ahohtioiii'ti were tine and identical mid now account! for thu signal h f tl of its p irty, by an ullc.lg-rd 44 union" of' Kbit il his o often pretended was nu imliVHible unit ' It wmit do, ueigbhor ! Your iwo tunes 44 Woiil gibe." Two federal districts" in New Hampshire from wbi'-h Stale no Wing lias before been elected to the House of Rcprcsc ulalives f.r tw.nty yeirs! Did Mr. I'.dk's visit to the North, pending this election, colitrihuti. lo this result ? Who rill tell ' Illilliliiore utitl Wlieelmw. We are h ippy to slate, (nthc W in eling (iaette, of June I'.'.j Ui.it our City Council, on S ilur.biy evening, liuot U'i.inn.ioiislv, ntilit " the cotilra.i between the coiomillees of the t ity and the railroad t ipany, ly which terms are agrct d upon under which to t on-Mritet the Baltimore ami Ohio It ulrond to this nly, nhould the s.iitif be nccei.teil by (he Stockholders of the Company. Nothing now remains but the action ; have Ireeineii to net ns fr of llie Comp my on accepting the law and contract That ihey will do no Ihe.r own interest as well as the liiul seitieiiieiit tit' lite public iiitiid tilniosl guarantees. There seems now to he a proxp. ct that tins gn at ( work of iniproviunent will be limbed forward to emu. phiion withm a re as nnhb' tune. For a Imtg period I it hi been at t standlook mg, as it were, from the suiniml of lite Allegh lines, for llie niot advantageous point to intersect llir Ohio River, which was the limit ( nrisuiallv prescribed for i he stupendous underhkiiig, ! Dm should the work tike ihe course indicated by Ibe foregoing paragraph, Wheeling will enjoy but a bin f season the advantages of ft ttnnnts. The people of Ohm will look to that. A short tune only Will elapso us to bring tin illy 'oiiiiniimly equal I man present has an opinion in accordance with his own lu this congress there wuuld be no dissenting voice. Let us not then allow any discord to creep into our councils, to mar the harmony of the present, or jeopard the vast interests of tlie future. Let the bugles of party have no sound in this convention. Let Ihero be here, no Whig, no Democrat nothing but Americans. Let us here form a new party, and let it be tho boast of us all in lulure years, that we aided harmoniously in urging on this great movement, Turning to Air. Wentworth, the Representative in Congress from this District, he continued Gentlemen, when he und 1 ran agree on any subject, there must he harmony. Me had the pleasure to know that that gentleman was warmly enlisted in lavor of the objects id' this Convention. He might say, he was tuiituilinous upon Ihe" subject ; perhaps tins was owing to his longitude. He goes his wholo length, (u laugh ) 11 liny ol the empires on earth injure or assml ua, we nre ready to arm ourselves In Die teeth, and go forth tt do battle ; to spend immense treasures, and draw upon all our resources ; but here nn these lakes, and in our western rivers, thousands of lives are lost ; more than hay fallen in Die Mexican war, for want of a small appropriation. A single ship uf the line destined lu protect our foreign commerce, costs us more linn a million ot dollars, that same en I lan t ship which bore the name of hisowu State, Ohio, cost a million and a half of dollars. Four id' these ships have cost us more than has been expended for our western harbors since the form-itioti uf our government, Kvery gnu that you will liud on board these ships cost you fourteen thousand dollars. Would it not he better to lake some ot these loiirteen thousands ami improve our harbors at Chicago, Milwaukee and other places, or to remove snags and sawyers from thu Ohio and .Mississippi r It is a curious fact that H'J percent, of our revenues have gone to mipply our forls, and our ships, leaving I per cent, to he inve-led (or the purposes of peace. He thought this state nf things had better he reversed. There is tin fear that (Ins country will be invaded. He did not Hunk there was a country in God's creation winch would invade a laud that the Vuukees had al ready invaded. He alluded also to the lact that these obstructions of the lakes reacted to the great injury of the fanner, as well as commercial men. Il the farmer raises any more produce than he desires to use himself, he wants a good market for the surplus, if he cannot sell Ins produce to advantage he is prevented fro in giving good education to his sons ami daughters, A lio are to be (he future voters and the future mothers of the land. Our I'nioii ought to be no connected and consolidated that till parts can be aercssahlc to nil. It should be hound together, hoojied around with railroads, as wi1h iron ribs. The true definition of it commonwealth is that laud where all parts are equally iiecessable. It is Mid tint Th"tnas Jcllers.pii violated the Con stitutioit lo aeipiire LouiMaiia ; lus design being to prevent what he feared might take plact that the West in some future day Would seek to divide Die L'nioii, making the Alb gliautes the separating line. If a rulroa.l had then i xteii.leil fr F ist to We-t, we -lioiibl not have needed tu acipnre Loiiiiaiia for any such reason. The son of the Pilgrims intl limit tint up ni Asia, ami Ii ive commercial associations with her. If proper appropriations are not made to bind the growing Went, to the dutaut Fast, (heir swnriiimg I'unlaiM will build upon the shore of (he Pacilic un independent Republic of Anglo Saxon blond. Rut tiiis great Woil; on which vie ure engaged will be accomplished. Since thi ne name Piintans have liken it in hand, they will never rest nor sleep until it is d uie. lie lb ink d God that he Intl the assurance in this vast nud tiiielhgeiit assemblage Hut the hopes of the j west were not lo be disappointed. Ilor ice Greeley being called lor, ami introduced by Mr. Wt iitworlh, addressed the C invention in a few I very appropriate remarks, alter which, the committee 'to nominate otlicers for the permanent organization of loVS s the article to Mich a pne 1 ; which is a lo-i of labor l to so much money throw n into Hie io a. Re-o.li induces exliorbil.ini eonpiioiptioii, and leads (.. prodigality, ll'iele n expenditure and pcrilicoln luxury. No country ran be advanlig. il by one portion of il inhabit Hits living in iihuud.iiicc at the cxpciist of another ; and nearly every speculator is one of Heme be-nigi. Coiiotatit changes are taking place too, winch exercise n most injurious influence t in here the speculator prolits, ami it is he that encourages it. Wh it In gains some other one Imc. Regularity ami uniformity eotMl int emplo and a fair rompentatmn lor labor, constitute ihe wealth of a country. This produces wealth. Too in 11 r-1 labor bestowed t olio object is a W Hte ; and too much labor in one place is likewise a wa-de. Tlie gn ate-d object tdmuhl be ( i produce as much as possible with Hie am uul of labor performed. And, the e- number of mm. producing nidividn Hs a country has. the better; it matters n it uh.it their railing .md munition may he Rut situated us we are in our domestic puliey, iiol unlike Hie btl.iuce of the world, all wrong, deplorably out of order, Mich individuals are of essential benefit, liud are indispensable. Mue of our hipping ami internal navigation, were our affairs Wisely organized, would be lteless to the rotil mumlv and lecehe upon public proe rilv Indeed our atVnrs once properly arranged, wo n ill liud four hours libor of twenty. f. or suliieieut lo produce more hippiticss and wealth in mir country (ban we now eiifov or ever h ive enjoyed. AH we lack is a proper bestowal i. f labor, and its fair and just reward to accoiui!i-li all. Tlie above embraces a fe ,v points upon w hich 1 liny speak more fully herr.iller. I. The I thin Stitesman and kindred prints have a great th ai lo say he. mum- (he W hig Central Coinuutee of I llo, dot ll"l III their address, express tlleir preference f -r a pirtu ul tr man I-t Die whig candidate for tho Presidency. We would have the Statesman A Co. know Hi it the Wing Central Committee do not arm gate to (In ii' m ve Hie right to choose, orevcii rerotu. mend the candidate. They suppose (h it the mass of tliepirlv III the Stile hive illtli.'lent intelligence to make their own selectnm. They, it c minimi with their brclhcreu, were against (he principle that a lew W ire-workers of the ripit.il should speak and be obey, etl unlike Hie lender of Hie l-cd'orti pirlv, they men. I'mtsiiinuth t li-ir. Tin Gi tn N i ti ii ii. Hitoii v An amphibious looking person pissed our otlice yesterday, with what was to us a nondescript looking animal. He railed it a Mexican guana. It would seem, ju I ring trout the general and topographical appearance of Hie guana" as if nature had oceasioually her freaks of ecc. nlticilv, and after pursuing a stt.iighl forward and natural course, would Mhlilmly produce soim-thing that com. bun d in strange contrail nil the peculiarities of fifty well looking and familiar objects. Now the guana has its fore legs put. on behind, and its behind legs n t onlv put on before, toil fastened on hvkwnrd, ami upside down. When its mouth is shut it is as tight as an oyider, and as destitute of bps ; but let it smile and its hcid opens wai hick of its t ars, if it has any He would h ive been most li;ippy rould he be excused from answering at Ibis tune to ihe imperative rill which had brought bun hefure (he audience. He complimented the Reverend gentleman who had prece-tied him, and united with tits tribute to (he Puritans ; one uf whom he presumed the gentleman was himself M nigh. As lor huiH'dl', he tli-iiltt it must h evident tu every one w ho saw him I'r ou a prinm fmir view, that he t Id not be tieicciiib d fiom the same stock, a laugh J It umiost seemed as if lie was brought for-ward directly after llie Reverend uc nHeim n, lo pro-dure a soil of discord by comparison. Vet, l.oWt-Ver inin h we may Ii ive been nob bled lo the h irdy mid uohlc sons of Y'w Knglind for much thai elevate and eiioWes (he West, he would Venture (o say that if any one would enter the interior of Illinois and Iowa, he would find many of (he ..(mug armed sous of Penu-sy1 vn nia, in tny fi nu llie good dd State of Keliluek v, and hu-ji mrnrm., (turning to Mr Allen, from Ohio. Gentlemen h ti nil heard of I lino he resided there himself if they doubted Hie existence of sin b a place, anil Would put turn up hi He- stand tie Would pro ye it to tliem yd there are some in our wide world who have led a very char idea of it. e oucn met a Frenchman 'aIio complained Verv bitterly ol our iliiln-imii. He etnpiirc.l wh il was llie matter with them-Were Ihey llot dignified ami gentlemanly in (heir tie. p irliiienl. Yes, hut they spoke no language ui nil Whit, not their own unifier vernacular- No, (hey spoke ti kind of jut tuts ; he believed (hey called it tlhto. A laugh lie (.poke of the involuntary impulse which had g.itheleil together III. It of lb- highest respectability and in ost chilled Worth. In tins remark he ant by no in. aiM to tieegotisli. il. (A laugh. They bad here united, forming it gn at t'ttnjrtsu nf tin- .tmrnimt on- . It is a far noider patriotism than ronnueriug ids-tint nations with your war-clad armies, thu to assemble to secure Ihe blessings of a free government, I h re is no people uiid t ihe wide heaven who would have exhibited as you hive to-day, so keen ami true an estimate id' tins great truth. This impulse had moved un n I Mm every part of the laud to this gather-nig point. Away fimn distant M'tssnrhutrtts, from the ntv of tlie merchant prun es, the old Ray Stale had sent her MIIIS. And from the obi colony of William Peiin, rome repr.-.teiilaliies lo this Congress of American People, 4'ilh'iul any per hcm allowaiu e, or mileage, In marry the g I old drab city of Philadelphia to the young eily ..f Chicago. And Irmii distant Savannah comes one, to learn w lie'lu r our glonoiH republic is destined to In- r.mi posed of deo,o.uli d fragments, or whether it is to he-come, ami remain undid, until (he " hist syllable of rerordetl tune. W as not tins ii noble Congress ' He had been for many years a member of mioiuer Congress, but cmhl ( lie transplant this one to the ten miles square, lie would gladly mmi il 1.1 one tor it. C mgress has He- poner to regulate commerce be tween the several Mates II vol send r;ir wheat from Chicago lo Hntlalo, a distanc miles, crossing lake after lake, stretching away in Iheir magnificent length, would not one naturally Hunk Hi il this ought be called ( ounm rrr .' Rul no, thai is a nut-ake, wean- told. hat is it thru mv brother ' Why that is trade. f. laugh I Rut if vm end tin siiue cargo from New .irk to New Oi'lc.ns, what is " hrrrhy directed to call at such lime and place as it it then Well, tieui it fimil,rrr W lu is it not "' r """" ''onveuteni, anolher foment to m Die lirst instance as well uM the last Oh it is not the ( oiiventnm, reported through their Chairman, M:.j. John Ruldle, of Mo b, gin, (he following: I'risi.hiit, F.DWAUD RAILS, Musouri in: l'rf.ni',i iitnt John A. Rockwell, Cunu. .1 G. Camp, Florida. Thomas II. King, Georgia. F. W . II. Flits, liid.aua. Win. Woodt.ri.lge, Michigan. F. Corning, New ork. L Knkp.iiriik, New Jersey. Willi,,, Held., Ohio. A. W. Lomuiis, Pci.usi Kama. II melton lli.ppm, Rhode Maud. J. II Tweedy, Wis. s,u. A- W. Wilkin-, Missouri. Judge Williams, .nva. Chailes S. Heuistead, Illinois. M. A. Chandler, Maine. W. P. LuMis, Massachusetts. Stcrituriis. Sehuvler Colfax, Indiana. N. I'.' Fdwirds, Illinois. F. W. Fciino, New York. A. R Chambers, Missouri. Aaron Hubert, Massacliust Its. I lav id Noble, Michigan. Peter M Martin, New Jersey. N V. OHs, Ohio. Frederick L. Lord, Wisconsin. II V. Star, Iowa. Chart i"ig, of New York, tine of the Committee, rose ami staled thai lie dissented front the n port of Hie ruiiiiiiiltee, ami propit,ed as a substitute Hie name of ThfS. (nrr, of Ohio, fur President. Mr Cur in a rose, and in u very handsome manner peremptorily declined the honor intended bun Tie- President elect, Hon. L. I ward Riles, was then railed lo (he chair, ami in an impressive speech acknow ledged the honor done I e was received amidst the hearty cheers of the Convention. Hon. Unlh-rt C. Sehem-k, of Ohio, from the Committee, reported the following resolutions: 1st. H not nil. That Hie Convention shall be governed in its deliberations rintl actions bv the ordinary rules of Parliamentary law ; provided (hat no delegate sh til speak more than fill ecu minutes at one time to any tpiestiott. 2d. iVWrrt, That a committee of seven bo appointed by the ('resident of Hos Convention to pre ptre ami publish as soon as convenient, an address on bt half of this Convention to the people of Die Lulled States. :td. Ii'itritlt That a roiumiMce of two from ruch Slate nut! Territory represented m Ibis Convention, h appointed by the 1'resideiit, to prepare nml report such resolutions us they may recommend lo be adopted by llf Convention. -1th. That ait executive eominitle he appointed of out member from each State and Territory represented in this Convention, lo he selected by the' respective dele-gat oils, whose duty it shall be to prep ire a ineumrul lo t .ii'ress embracing the Views and purpwes of this i.oiiveniiou, with proper Hlalislics lo sustain Di.-m; ami to urge upon the attention of Congress such oh- jccls of improvement ns may be deemed i urgent, proper ami f i pedieul that the said t lillce shall appoint such sub. committers for the collection of sU- ' IdllO 1 1'"1"''"' information ns they may tl' t-ui expedient or ss;,rv in.tl the said committee lie and it is Jut. by hrecled for iieue convenient ami eoiicentralivc action, lo appoint A Hiih-coiuinillce to attend Ihe next session f I 'oiigress lo present Die same memorial and to promote its success. That the said committee be ami it (iriireiit'V. Rullcr King, Win. H. Hodson. Kinturktj H. C. Rhtckburn, T. 11. Crawford. It It wlc inland Kdw. tiengraver, Hamilton Hopping..Vuiiirr-Roswrll L. Colt, Chaa. King. Florida John G. Camp. The fourth resolution was then taken up as the order of the day ; ami was laid on the table. Su the firs I and second resolutions only were adopted. All business being disposed of, and the convention in expectance of a report from the Committee on res-olutions, Hon. Andrew Stewart, of Pennsylvania, and Dudley L. Fitdd, of New York, taking opposite aides, upon some of the powers of the General Government, but yet agreeing upon thu gene rul principles which called thr convention here, addressed the audience. At half past I'-i o'clock, the convention adjourned until ;( P. M. TuiusnAv Ai ri:itMio(, July G. Coin in ittee met pursuant to adjournment, when The Committee upon resolutions made the following report, which was unanimously adopted : The Convention submit to their fellow citizens and to Ihe Federal Government the following proposdions ns expressing their own sciitimenls and those of their constituents. That the Constitution of the United States was framed by practical men, for practicable purposes, declared in its preamble. To provide for the common : defence, to promote Ihe general welfare, and to secure the blessings of liberty," and was mainly designed to create a government whose functions should be adequate to the protection uf the common interests ol all the States, or of two or more uf them, which could not be maintained by tint acliun of the separated Slates. That in strict accordance with this object, Hie revenues derived from commerce were surrendered to the general Government, with the express understanding thai tlu-y should be applied to the promotion of those common interests. y. That among these common interests and objects were 1st. Foreign Commerce, tu (he regulation of which, the powers ot Hie States severally were confessedly inatletpnite ; and '.M, internal trade and navigation, wherever the concurrence of Iwo or more States was necessary to lis preservation, or where the expense of its maintenance should be equally borne by two or more Stales, ami where, of course, those Stales must necessarily have a voice in its regulation; and hence resulted the Constitutional grant of power to Congress, " to regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the1 Stales.'' tl. Thai being thus pomeHscd both of the inenns and of the power winch were denied (tithe Stales respectively, Congress became obligated by every considera-In ni of good faith and common justice to cherish and increase both the kind of commerce thus committed to its care, by expanding nud extending the means of conducting llieiu, mid of affording tln-ui all these facilities and all that protection winch tlie States individually would have allorib-.l, hud the revenue and lie- uuHioritv been left to them. I. That tins obligation bus ever been recognized ; from th" Inundation ol the government and has been fulfilled partially, by erecting light houses, building tiers for harbors, break-waters and sea-walls, removing obstructions m rivers and providing other facilities for the commerce carried m front the purls on the Atlantic coast ; nud the same obligation have been fulfilled to a much less extent in providing similar facilities fur ' commerce among the Stales;" nml that the principle has been must emphatically acknowledged to embrace tin western Likes and rivers, bv appropriations for numerous light-houses upon them, which appropriations have never been questioned in Congress its wanting constitutional authority. V Tint thus by a nerics of acts which have received the sanction of the people of the I'niled States and nf every department of the Federal Government, un der all Administrations, tie- common understanding of the intent and objects o Die fraiuers of Hit; Coitstilu. lion in granting lo Congress Ihe nnwer to rcL'iihitc roiiimerce hr.s been manifested ami has been coulirui-ed by (In- People, and this understanding has become as much a part of lb il instrument us any one uf its most explicit provision. 11. That the power "to regulate commerce with Foreign Nations and among the Slates and w ith the Indian tribes," is mi its face so palpably applicable in lis whole extent to each of (he subjects enumerated e.pi illy and m the same m inner, ns to render anv attempt,! to make it more explicit, idle, and futile, ami that those who admit Hie rightful niuiltcalioii of the power to Foreign Commerce, by facilitating and pro. peratiousiiy improving iiariiors ami clear ing out navigable rivers, cannot consistently deny that il equally iiuilt ines similar facilities lu "Commerce among Hit.' Slates. 7. Tint " Foreign Commerrn" is dependent upon internal trade for Die distribution of its freights, and for the means nf paying for them, so lhal wlnlrver improves ihe one, ndvances Hie other; and they are so msep trable that they sh mid be reg aided os tint'. I hat an export from Die American shore to a llritmh port in Canada is us uturli foreign commerre ns if it hail been carried directly to Liverpool, and (hat on exporiiiioii to Mverpo.d neither gams nor loses any of the char tcteristics of foreign commerce, by the direelness or circuity of the route whether it passes through a custom house tin the Kntish sole of the St. Liwreitce, or dereiids through tint river ant its connecting canals to (he orean, or whether it nassrs nloitir the artitiei d communications and natural strenmi of cases which has not alwavs been regarded, hut which any of the Suites lo Ihe Atlantic. I Hunk should alwan be. It is between the applica- That the general government by cxtendm? its (mm to protect and secure the safety of commerce mi nivers where it exists and tt regularly carried on in This speech if ever published as delivered, will be pronounced one of the richest specimens uf American eloquence. He was interrupted continually by cheer upon cheer; and at his close, Die air rung with shout after shout, from the thousand in altendance. Tho Convention thus adjourned us it begun, in entire harmony.Al half past eleven, the Convention adjourned sine Letter from Gov Wright. Canton, May '.11, 1H17. Gnttlcmrn: Your circular, inviting me to attend t " Northwestern Harbor and River Convention," to bo assembled at Clncsgo, on the first Monday of July ueif, was duly received, forwarded by Air. Whiting of your committee. My attention had been previously called tn tho subject by the invitation ot a friend, at your city, to attend the Convention, and generously tendering me (juarters iii his faintly during its stitngs. 1 was forced, from the slate of my private business, to inform him that I could not mnktt the journey at the time named ; nud the period which hits elapsed since 1 do. dined his invitation, has only tended to con linn tho conclusion pronounced to linn. Were it possible for me to attend the proposed convention without an unreasonable sacrifice, 1 should most gladly do so, hs my location gives me a strong feeling in reference to Die prosperity and safety of the commerre of the Lakes. Tlie subject uf Ihe improvement of the Lake Harbors is one which my service in Congress has rendered somewhat familiar to me in a legislative aspect, while my personal travel upon the two lower Lakes has made the necessity of these improvements manifest to tny Benses. 1 am aware that questions of Constitutional powers have been raised in reference to appropriations of money by Congress for tht improvement of Ihe Lake Harbors, and 1 am well convinced that honest men have sincerely entertained strong scruples upon this point ; but all my experience and observation have induced me to believe that these scruples, where the in-dividual admits thu power to improve tlie Atlantio Harbors, arise from a want of acquaintance wtdi thu Lakes and commerce upon them, and an inability to believe the facts in relation to that commerce, when truly stated. It is not easy for one, familiar with the Lakes anil Lake commerce, to realize the degree of incredulity ns to Hie magnitude and importance of both, which is found in the minds of honest and well-in. formed men residing m remote portions of Hit? Union, ami having no acquaintance with either; while 1 do not recollect an tuitniice nf a member of Congress, who has traveled the Lukes ant observed the commerce upon them, within the Inst ten yenrs, requiring any further evidence or argument to induce him to admit the constitutional power, and thu propriety of appropriations for Like Harbors, as much us for those uf the Atlantic const. 1 have been of the opinion, therefore, that to impress the minds of the people of nil portions of the Union with a realizing sense of tho facts as thev ore in relation to these inland sens and their already vast and rapidly increasing commerce, would be all that would be required tu secure such appropriations as the slate of the National Treasury w ill, from lime to tune, permit for the improvement uf Lake Harbors. 1 mean the improvement of such Harbors as the bodv -of Lake commerce requires for its convenience and safety, as contradistinguished from the numerous applications for these improvements, which the varum conflicting local interests upon the shores of Die Likes may prompt; and 1 make this distinction, because my own observation has shown that applications for Harbor improvements, at the public expense, ure made and passed, within distances of a Very few miles, and at locations where, from tho natural postlioti of the Lake ami coast, a good Harbor at cither point would secure to the commerce of tho Lake all Die convenience anil safely of duplicate improvements. Much of the difficulty of obtaining appropriations grows out of these conflicting applications, and the sternness with which all are pressed ns necessary to the Luke commerce impairs thu confidence nCsirnngers to thu local claims and interests in the llllpj nice of all. It is H"' duty of fliosr who urge these improvements, tor UA' great object for which alone they should be made at Die expense of the nation, viz : the convenience nml safety of Lake commerce, to be honest wild Congress, and to urge appropriations only at points where these consideration demand them. The lliver improvements constitute a much more d i llie u It subject, ant the connection of them with the Lake Harbors has often, tn my knowledge, In tally prejudiced the former. There are applications for improvements t.f Kivers, about which as a matter uf principle ami Coiislituiiounl power, 1 have no more douhl than nbout tlie Harbors upon thu Lakes, or I ho Atlantic coast, and there are those, which, in my judgment, come neither within Die principle nor Die constitutional power; but to draw a line between Iwo classes of cases 1 en n not. have witnessed numerous attempts to do this, but none of them havu apjienred very sound, or very practical. The fuels and circumstances ore so varied between thu various applications, that 1 doubt whether any general rule can be laid down, which wilf be found just and practical ; and I think lue course most likely to secure a satisfactory result, with the least danger to the violation of principle, would be for Congress to act separately ami independently upon rnrh application. There lias nn- peared to me one broad distinction between these on s ilt water, f A laugh I H begged gentlemen would Holier tins nice distinction hcl n u ( out mint ml InnU, If we are rug t-gctl in business up ni silt w Her, it is Cumim rcr. If upon lre-di water, lie u il is lnt!r. A laugh.) i...r..... n... .....i ...ii t it., ti... ;.,i., ...... ..r ot.,.. i ears. .'. . .,.,,.!,..t,i r,., I '""'y ' (M l,k'.' "ml " " noun s. t on the t. p ol it "or ornament nciwccii me mver noti me i.anc mm unini imhii er it lor no and small -e whatever lb it we cmhl nilde those nf a duck its they -d to look in a htoriu,but undcad of turning kets, ihey work up and tlow'ti. It appears It comh senlcs all lioih a large amount id' their present lraiiit business, perceive, tt will soon conned itself with llie Kiver again, al are supp. I'.i.ni.in-.lll.... ...... r.n.r i.x it.. If nil tin. ml L' A Ii I A irea HI tllCIT S . . i . f ( to be peitcetlv go'nl iiittun d n hen it is aitgrv, and it and benehti nf a tnuction at a point advantageous for , . ' , . . . . 1 j don t try to bile until it wreathes its lace ma sunle. ill interests in seasons nl low water; whilf at the ( (, ,n,,"however, is its great teature-Dnt is nub finite sume tune it will be reaching its long arm through thi m its length, nml variegated in it- odor. After you fertile vnllies and bro.ttl prairies of our Wfslern neigh-i exannne the guana generally and particularly, the burs, towards the Misflimippi. Thr word will then be h ix tlie bcaulilitl roicdruciion ol' thai clause in I I the t .institution, us given to it m various pails of the t iieui. It you are ib siroiiHof knowing the construction of that clause, recolb et ! you are not to ask Die opinion of s one aide l.air-tir or erudite .V'f.wui, hut you iiiu-l M't k come distinguished t in rnt nud have the water can fally an ali.ed to iIincovit whether tl is alt ut J'ri.h (a laugh ) It would he inter. st:ng to impure whit in line nee Catttta.m lias hid in pro.lueir.g Hie success of your on u good city, and ut building up the abodes of civ-iliZitioii wlc re, but yesterday, ns it were, the wild savage rub d oil piaine Intnl. Without twinnm r, It would never hive existed and We xl inn Id not be its-seiuMetl here Led iy. t '.otitif rrr and ChrittiiiHtt.t h ive luaiched h:ud in hand Die pmurcis of the We-d. winch K.ud committee shall report it proceeding and pmgres ; and, if unsurccHxful in obtaining the aid of th - government to carry out Ihe beneficent purposes of Ibis convention, tn report the chum- of its failure, in tnder Hut such fui u re convention may lake such more i llective action m Ibe prcmihcs as tnai be deemed command surcrss. And lulhcr, that such projects ot improvement und such statistical Hit .nil itnui iih may lie presented to (his eoiicliti'Ui I may be referred without debate to ihe said rv citlivu couuiiiiiee inr ns ticiiiier.tie consideration nud netnm. The first rttot.itioii w is adopted without deb.ite. The second met w ith strenuous opp notion mi lilt ground lint the adilress had ought lo be pu!dilicd ns the voice of Die Convention, unless previously sub. nutted tu the rouvciition, which theru was no tune to tin. So the second re olution wns laid on the table. 1 lie third resolution met with some oooositioll on ground that Ihe delegation of each Stale nil. Hit to jurisdiction nvrr L ikes and navigahle rivers, subiect- mg them to (he Maine laws which prevail on the orean, and mi its bays and ports, not only for purposes of rev-iiue, hut lo give security to life and iirooerty. bv the regulation of steamboat s. has orecluded itself' from denying lhal jurisdiction for any other legitimate re gulation of Commerce. If it has power to control mid restrain, it must have the same power to protect. d, and facilitate, nml if it tb-uies the iurroliclinn ut the one mode nf actum, it should renounce it in the other, That in conseiiience of the peculiar dinirers of i no navigation on llie l.ikes, arising from the want ot Harbors for shelter, and o the Wt stern llivcrs from snagM and oilier obstructions, there are no parts id' the i-iiiicti d lairs more emphatically Ueinnnding the prompt mid continued cart- of the (ioveriinieiil to dimmish those dangers nud lo protect the property and life exposed to tlu-m ; and tli.it any one who can regard provisions for Dmse purmscs as seelmtial, local and national, must be wanting information to the extent of the commerce carried on upon (hose takes and rivers and of the nntount of teeming population occupied or interested in llul navigation. 10. Tliat hiving regard to relative population or to the extent nf commerce, the appropriation heretofore made I t the interior rivers and lakes ami the streams connecting Hirin wild thr orean, have not been in a just aim i.ur proportion to Hioc made tor the hem ft of the Atlantic coast ; nud that tune has arrived when Ibis in- jtihtire should be corrected in lb ily mode in which it can nc none, ny the united, determined nud persevering ell'irls uf those whose rights have beenoverlooked. U. That independent of this right In protection of tuiimerce among Mates, the right ol " c moil defence" guaranteed by thu Constitution, rnlitles those cilueiis inhabiting Ihe country bordering upon me liuermr i ikc-4 aim rivers, lo such sale nml coltve-nieiit harbors as may afford shelter to a Navy whenev er it shall be rendered necessary bv hosdhdes with our ifighb.rs; and that the construction of such harbors :niuioi lately be delayed to the time which will de- uivid Dn-ir immediate tnte. I'-i. That the nrguim nt most cummnnlv argued against appropriations to protect "commerce among Miilrs, and to defend (he inhaliilaiits of the frontiers. that Dt-y invite si ctiou.il nhmationj, to insure sue- rem to many unworthy ohecls, is foundrd on a practical distrust of the Urpuhlirnii principles of(iovi-rn-nieiit, and of (he rapacity of the people to select coin- the lie allowed to select its own m.Mitbers o Hie Committee ; but it finally carried after ail amendment to tins t had t'cen twice voted tlown. defiance of the obstructions sought to be removed, anu m me tace ol (he Hangers they place in its nay ; and those nj plications which ask the improvement of lltvers, that commerce may be extended upon them whew it is not. The one rlass appear to me to ink Congress to regulate und protect commerce upon divers where couimrrre in fact exist, and the other to r re ale it upon II i vers where it dts not exist. Tins distinction, if carefully observed, might aid in determining some applications of both classes, but it is ut a iiilliciriit dividing line for prar(icn) legislation, if it is for the settlement of (he principle upon which all such applications should rest. tisn tho term "commerre" in this definition, as 1 do in this litter, in its constitutional sense ami scow. 1 in ut ask your pardon, (it-utlemen, for troubling you with so long and hasty a communication, in reply to your note. It is imt made fur any public use, but to ex press to you very imperfectly some of my tiews upon the interesting Hiilqrrts you bring to my notice, which 1 shall not have the pleasure of communicating in person, ami to satisfy you that 1 am nut indifferent to you request. Ite pleased to accept my thanks for your polite invitation, and to believe llie, Your very respectful and nh't serv't, SILAS WKKiUT. Letter from Hon. Thtimns It. Ilrnton At Ibe meeting id Hie Delegation appointed lo attend ihe Cbirngo Convention, held at llie tMaulers lloiise.oti Saturday, the 'Jiiih of June, r M. Hah.ht, Lsq , in (be Chair, J-t mi: s K. Y ' its Ksq., presented the following It-tier from the Hon. Thomas IL ItiMot, w hich was read, approved, and ordered to be printed with the report of tins Drtrgiitmn : Sr. Lorts, June !iO, 1H7. To Mi n. Wai tu Chow, Lhh ahi Wai sa, J.imii L. t.tTMAS AMI Ollir.K, A CuMNITTLt:, tVc. ttinltimilii : In my brief note addressed to ymi on my return from Jefferson City, 1 expressed the gratiliralion 1 tdiKiild have tell in going w ith the St. Louis Delegation (o the Chicago Convention, and made known Ihe reason which would prevent me from having that pleasure.Th Lake nud Hiver navigation of the Cireat West lo promote which the Convention is called very early bad a tdiare of my attention, nnd I never had a douhl I the constitutionality or expediency of bringing lie, S.niic titty or sixty years n inent undertook to construct a tiirnjnh sonic point on lite Chesapeake II ty, or nreestuble lo it, to the Mississippi river ; nnd from (he eaihesl settle, tnenl of Ohio, I udiaua, nml Illinois, the people id' those States have been paving tribute to the fund for llm completion of tint work. Ami nearly all (he lime, the government has been acting the laggard in the per for ma nre of its duty. I in tens it shall bestir itself soon, it will bo outstripped, anil this work thiowninto the shade of forgetfulitess by Ihe enterprise ami energy of private uidividujU. tranr--A O. coii.'lnsioii is forced upon you th il n was mad t o lUti...., ..... I IV l. .I... . " t ..I ti It 1 1 i in ... i 1 ,l" on in mm rnot oi iiarus, uu. urines, sn ih St. I.uuis" which will comprehend nil the interim'-ilmle points. We fancy we ran rend Hie completion o this great work, as part nml parcel t.f ihe inevitable uYvlirty 'I " ' , llie federal govern- rood from and confecti-iirv, and i altogether, the most . Inntrv insect, bug, or atiiui.il, that ever lived .Vdnoni. Ills ". on ;in tV. I ll.lt bildds nil no.) enlirife n nnli..ii Countii- H nre pr"p"mun, as nu ntuio-d universal ' ,"' huirth rrtolulion was nn.lgoing a very am-rule rjtacily in Ihe relative proportion f the riihnan i d. bale, when Die Convention adjourned until lithe inlitid extent ot terrt.ry Alncaal tins tl a v I 1 u K un 1 "")' is as d irk and denUt' .1 ever ; le r ethoud in only nlie squire utile to !HI inland. I.vett our .New Lug-liud, without Commerce, nnlwiih. landing hr cterit and heio e mm, w ould h ive Soulier become b irbaroiis th in that she is now. He npn'ie of the fu'ur.' greatness of the J ill. Iltil' kimi. Aim person or persons Inking nl tlus!i last evening some mlv.ili'.ige of Ihe aim uce ol Mr. Shenll' llcchc nnd Ins attendant, entered ..ur coun ty i ul with rrowloirs and oilier instruments and forcing open Die doors releaed two of Die prisoners named item go Hit.ey nud rnuiem Mewail who were awaiting their trial for counterfeiting. As Die pep. ' . S March it I has offered it lihcrnl n ward f-r Iheir detection, tt i to be hoped Hicm raral will yet pay dear for Hns lul of k indues.- to their friend. ( h nlumt int.''. It is staled (hat Ihe forests of ,am, in Mrilish India, ait1 eapalde of producing India lluhhor sufficient to supply the tb iirtiiiU of Ibe civihrd world, ami that it ha- ahcady become an extensive article of i-xpoit ti.un that province. Tl i:muv, Ji l.l (i. Convention met Tuesd iy morning and proceeded to read letters from ihe following gentlemen rxcuiii" theuiielves fro ui attending the Convention: Hon. Sibn Wnghl, Hon Thomas H, HcnUm. Kx-I'rfsi.lenl I between ihe liiit ami the It- cln M"iitii.rin it w nibl j Van Mnreii, lien. Cms, ll.ni. Henry Clay, H m. K. 1 tit no di -toil day b une Ihe arbiter of (he destinies ' McClelland, Aliihen, l-'eleh, Itrndford I'. Wood llepuhi r it would nuke our rrcsidfiil, and r"mi ol Die letters w . re particularly inlrrrsting und country (Turning to Mr. Allen,) It is wr of th. rinct our law i sir, that yoti hive come niienig u to see your future ; nia-icr (a lau jil its r glit w.ll be maintained ; Ihe ballot box w ill secure u-t Die sam" privileges accorded : to our hrctlii. it. I h ive never seen a disease in the ' b.el v p d.tie that could not be cured by Hie ballot box j Shall treasure lie p -liretl out for the ocean lliniinerr and sliall n l a d-dl tr be guru o remove iuiietliiiienis from our bikes and rivers No, we do not believe this. The naiu in. I unliable energy that brought our I I'dgriiii foref.it tiers through the snows of winter, and j the perils of Ihe deep, is fisl bringing their ticiiceii. d ints Intlierw ml, w itli Iheir ntmits n laugh ) 1 le ncid del arue more eu this oci:anon. Lvery Will hereafter be piiM.-died bv us. 1 lld.-r the lid tcsoluteui the t liair aiuiointrd the follow ing Committee : Who J. C. Wright J. W. Cray. .Wn...ii7iH.(.v--Ceorge A Kuhu, Arleiuns Lre. .W'rogifiVm Woodbndge, C Itritain. Intl in nu David Mace, Andrew I Kborn. A'.ir orli J C. Spencer, Ah an Hroiison. MiMiwri-John l Cook, r'. M Haight. I'm n,t run m . T lliiigham, .1. C M irlnll. IHnM Jese II Tboniai, David K Itiker. II i.iiiHMit N l Tatmadge, J, D Kinstuui. r .oi(o.7, -N O K. lblgiT, Joel W While. Mann: M A Chandkr, K. It. Slockbrulge. potent and honest representatives. That it may be I that navigati.m withtn (he circle of internal iuiprtiv urged with eipnl torce ngamst legislation upon any , mcnl ity llie l-rdrral (loverninrnt, when the oloert to othersiibject invoK tug various ami extensive interests, ' be improved should be one ol general and national Tint a just apprehension of the rights and interests imporianee. of all mir fellow ciii.elis, in every quarter of the The junrtnm of tho two great systems nf wafers I ittoti, disclaiming selfish ami loenl purposes will leatl whu h occupy so much of our country the Northern intelligent representatives lo such a distribution of the Lakes on one hand, and Die .Mississippi rivers and lis means in the Treasury, upon a syntcnt of moderation trihnl incs on Ihe other appeared to me lo be sn ob-aud tiltimale rtu.ihty, its will in (une meet the most jert of that character, and Chicago the proper point urgent wants of all, and prevent those jrahumics ami for effecting Ihe union ; and near thirty years ago, t suspicions winch threaten the most serious danger to I wrote ami puldished articles in a St. Loo newspaper our confederacy. in favor ol (hat object, indicated, and arcomplishrd by l.l. I hat we are utterly incapable of perceiving the nature herself, and wanting but a helping hand from difierrnre between a harbor for shelter ami a harhor i man lo complete it. Articles in Ihe St. Lotus Ktiipn h.r e.uii.iicrre, nnd supposed that a ui.de or pier which rer of April, Mil, express the opinions which I Hu n will iill'rd safe anchorage ami prelection agiuiit a riiterlauieil, nml the "n'orf" of that per mil, pub storm must necessarily improve a harbor, and adapt it lished in Hie same paper, to the Secretary of War, I lo r-million purposes. I by Messrs. Uraham iV 1'lnlips, in favor of that caiml 1 I. That a revenue derived from imposts on For-! (ami which "nmrt " I wrote) was probably the first igtl goods belonging to Hie wh-dc oroide ami Ihe I formal miiimiiucation. urnm nullit-tilie data, in favor public lauds being Hie common hrnlnge nf nil our j of the Cbirngo ranal. These gelitleliieil, with Mr. :lieits, so long in these resources continue, the mt- John C. Sulhvau, of Missouri, had Iteen apptnntrd by position of any special burden on any p-olmn of Die the Sectetiirv of War, lo run a hue from the south icople, to t.hiaui the means ot accomplndimg objects rue of Like Mirltigui to Die .Misnuouppt. 1 proposed uuillv within the duty and the comp. t. nry of Ihe tti (hem lo examine the ground In-twrrn Chicago and tieiieial (iovrriimriti, would be u-ijutt and opprcs t tin.' bend waters of the llluteii river, with a view to the construction of n ranal by tlie rctlrral (tovcru-uient, They did so, nnd on their return t St. Louis, submitted all iheir olervalnms to nic ; ami hence Ihe publu alioiis in the newspapers, anil the ripart to the Secreiarv of War. I uieiitton tins to show thai nty npiitiiuu mi this subiect are of long flan ding ; and that the nationality of the Chicago ranal, and, of course, f Ihe harbor ill its mouth, are by no menus new conception with me. llul, 1 must confess, that I dot not foresee then what I hair since seen (be fall of .Ni ngira surmounted by a ship canal! ami a schooner clearing from Chicago for Liverpool ' The rivrr nnviealintiof Ibe tireat West is the most wrmdeiful on the globe, ami since the application of Menu) power tu tho propiihon ot Vessels, possesses the essential qualities of ocean navigation. Speed, diMaurr. rheiiiiiiess, magnitude of c irgoes, are all there, nml without Die perils of the sea from storms ami eiti-iiiies, The steamboat is Ihe slip of (he river, und finds in Ihe Mississippi ami its tiibuUrns tliu amplest theatre for tho diff usion uf its use, and the display of its power. Wonderful river! connecting wiih seas by the head ond by the mouth stretching its arms towards tho Atlantic and the Pacific lying in a vall.-y fron thu Gulf of Mexico to Uudson's'llay drawing its first waters not from rugged mountains, but from a plaieau of fakes in the centre of the continent, and in communication with the sources of tho St. Lawrence ami the streams which take their course north of Hudson's liny draining the largest extent of richest land collecting thu pruduclsof every clime, even llie Ingid, to bear Ihe whole to a genial market m the sunny south, and there to meet the products of the entire world. Such is the Mississippi ! And who can calculate Die aggregate of its advantages, and tho magnitude of its future commercial results? Many years ago the late Governor Clark and mv-self undertook to calculate the extent of the beatable water in the valley of the Mississippi: we made it about f(t,(lh(f miles ! of which ;)(),UUO were computed to unite above St. Louis, and 0,OIHI below. Of course, we counted all Die infant streams on which a flat, a keel, or a bntteau could be floated, and justly, for every tributary, of the humblest beatable character, helps to swell not only the volume of the central waters, but of the commerce upon them. Of this immense extent of river navigation, sll combined into one system of waters, St. Louis is thu centre ! and the en-trrpot of lis trade ! presenting even now, in its infancy, an astonishing and almost incredible amount of commerce, destined to increase forever. It is considered an inland town. Counting by time and money, the only true commercial measure of distances, ami SI. Louis is nearer to the sea than New Orleans was before a steam tow boat abridged the distance between that city and the mouth of the Mississippi. St. Louis is a sea port, ar well as an inland citv. and is a port of delivery by law, and has collected $50,0110 of du ties on foreign imports during Die current year; ami with a ldieral custom law would become a great tn-trt'ptil of foreign as well as of domestic commerce. With the allrihutrs and characteristic of a sea port, she is entitlud to the benefits of une, as fully and clearly as 'w York or Sow Orleans. About twenty years ngo, 1 moved in the Senate, and obtained an appropriation fur a survey of the Knpuls of Upper Mississippi : it was probably the first appropriation ever obtained for the improvement of the Upper pari of the river. About Iwetity-tive years ago, I moved, and nuccceded in tho motion, to include tho Missouri river in a bill for Ihe improvement of the western rivers : it was the first time that river had been so included. Thus, on the important items of tho Chicago canal, tho Rapids of upper Mississippi, and Die .Missouri river, 1 was among tho first to propose to include them within the circle of interim improvement by tht- Federal Government. I had always been a friend to that system, but not to its abuse ! and here lies tho dilliculty, and the danger, and tho stumbling block to its success. Objects of general and nntioiial importance can alone claim the aid of thu Federal Government; and in favor of such objects, 1 believe nil the departments of the government to bo unilcd. Confuted lo them, and the constitution can reach them, nud the treasury sustain them. L tended to local or sectional objects and neither the constitution, nor the treasury could uphold them. itional objects of improvement are few in number, definite in character, and manageable by the treasury. iN'rur twenty years ngo the in-asury was threatened with a deiitnud for two huudred millions uf dollars fur objects of internal improvement, then applied for and many of them of no national importance. The enormity uf the sum balked the system; and so it must be again, if the proper discrimination is not kept up between local ami national subjects. It is tor Congress tu mnko that discrimination : the President cannot; he must reject, or approve tho bill as a whole. Here, then, is the point ut which the friends uf Die system, in Congress, must exert ull their care and vigilenco. No arbitrary rule can be given for the admission or exclusion of proper objects ; but really national objects nil-tint of no dispute ; and, confined to them, 1 apprehend bul little danger of losing a bill, either from Kxecutivo vetoes, or for want of votes in Congress. Very respectfully, Gentlemen, your friend andfrl-low-citizen. THOMAS IL BEVl'U.N. Letter from Mr. Van Ilurcn. LiNDiiswAMi, May 1.(7. Mif Drar Sir.- I thank you kindly for the obliging terms in which you have been pleased to comtiiunr cate to me Die invitation of the Committee to attend the North Westeru Harbor and Itiver Convention, and hep you to be assured that you do me hut justice ni assuming that I am by no means indifferent to its objects.Having visited most parts of your interesling conn, try, 1 witnessed with admiration and high hopes its peculiar capacities for improvement. I cannot but wish success lo all constitutional efforts which havu that direction. Hegreiting that it will not be in my power to com-ply with your rnpirst, I beg youlo make my arktiow-ledge men Is to the committee tor this proof of their respect. 1 mil Vcrv resncrtfullv and trulv vnnm AL VAN BURLS. E. W. Tiucev, Esq. i Letter from Gen. Cm. LTitoiT, May 30, 1-M7. Di ar Sir: 1 am obliged to you for your kind at tention in transmitting me an invitation to attend Hit onvenlion on Internal Improvement which will meet in Chicago in July. Circumstances, however, will put it of my power to be present at that time. 1 am, dear sir, rcspoutlully yours, LEWIS CASS. W. L Wiim, Lsq. Letter from the Una Henry Clay. Amh.hu, HUh May, HJ7 Dr.AR Sin: I received your friend I v lit ,1. pained by the CirruJar of the Coinmiltt, r, queium t my attendance at the North-W eorn Harbor and liiv. er Convention, propont-d lo be held .n Chigaco, on the first .Monday in July ncit. Lordislfy eoncurnriy n, what is announced l tw Uieuiurctot that ojiveniion I should be happy tssisi in ihe accomplishment of it, if it were m my power ; but 1 rrgrel (hat I emu,, i conveniently attend the Convention. Wis lung that its deliberations in.iv be conducted in a spirit of harmony, ami that they may lead to ood practii.il ic-suits, i am with great resjiect, I our obedient servant, 1J. ULAV. E. V. Track r, Esq. Letter from lion, R. Met lelland. Monitor. June lL'th. tSJ? K. W. Twu rv, Estj. run: I ho invitation of your Committee accom panied by your very kind letter, was duly received, and 1 shall, if possible, attend the Convention. Circumstances over which I have no control may prevent it, but 1 it hall not permit any ordinary occurrence or inconvenience to do so. 1 most cordially approve tht object of the Convention, and anticipate tho moat important and beneficial results from it. With discretion and prudence in the proceedings, it may have a great influence on the action of Congress and tho r.xecunve. tii urn ami vaiuaide information mav bn thrown before the people, and the question may assume an entirely different shaps from what it has heretofore. Monroe lias moved in the matter, and a very respectable delegation haa been chosen and will in all probability Attend. 1' lease communicate my (hanks lo the Committee. Hrsprrtful yours, it. McClelland. Letter from the Hon. Alpheut Feleh. Ann Arbor, June 'J, 147. Dear Sir Your favor enrlosmif an iiiTiintinn of the C.unmiitee of Correspondence, to sttrnd thr Har bor ami Itiver Convention about to be held at Chica go, came duly to hand. Husincss engagements, which. an not be postponed, will put it out of mv power lu Ihi present with you on that occasion. The interest which Michigan has in the safe and convenient nay. igatmn of the tireat Lakes, ami the improvement of the Harbors, without which it ran never Ite attained, win insure ine co-oprraiion oi ims rtiato and its representatives in support of all judicious appropriations for that purpose. itli my scknowicugmenls tn your Committee, for Ihe kind attenlion which promptrd their polite invitation, ami with sentiments ol respect, i am, my urar oir, our on I Serv t. ALI'IIEIS I ELCII. W. I,. WiuriMi, Esq., Chirugn. Bivr l.'t That wr di.otvow all nnd every attempt lo eon Ihe ran f intetnil tn.lr nnd ' Commerce among the Sl ttes " With Hie fortunes of any political party, but that we mean to place th it caue upon mtch immulitldc principle of truth, justice and t onntttii-1 liuial duly, as shall romuuiiul Die rcttp.-ct of all pur- lies, nml Hie tlelt-ncu of all ramhilitcs for public fa- vor I Adjourned until to morrow at ! o clock. Wl h IH M'UlMllil. Convention met pursuant to a.liournment I I'rot otioim were then matte for ihe putdic.ition of the pr filings and llicir dcdrihntion among the pro-pie.Hon. Thus Corwui of Ohm, then ollered the usual reiodutioii lt' Hunk to the Chairman Thereupon, Die Chairman, Mr Mates, nf St. Louis, arose ami in one of Ibe imod appropriate hcceches re luiiied his thanks to the Convention. Am h voi.ouii a i. We learn that the result nf the rxteiisive researches, into Dip Mounds and Antiquities of tins Slate, ami Dmse adjacent, by Dr. K. H. Davis and E. G. Sper, Esq , of Dug city, ire to be published, in magnificent style, as rcganl typographical and pictori.il illustration, under Die auspices of the Sinitlnonisn Institute. We have bail frrtpient opportunities to note lite progress which these gentle-men were making, in Iheir artb.us and curious enterprise ; and we have it in our power lo assure mir rea ders, thai tint ma of facts, liiriwurenirnls, survt-i. illustrations, draw uil'," specimens," &c., Ac , which they have accumulated, will enable tlirm to rouiplct-one of Die most instructive ami engnuiitg vdumeMli:it has yet appeared upon .Imrrtam siclnrology, at uM events. I he " Iiivtitttte" is to print but a limited number of copies, must id' which will be reserved for literary exchanges; another edition, in a more popu'm form, may, we Irmtl, Ih presented ( 'htliirotht. (;. I n r l in nn tiitorp.-K.iris, thr Daguerrrotypod look a tine picture yecfcrday which, in its combui.ilt- ii, is souicw hat curious, ('poll (he plate is a great rani mother, a great grand daughter, two grand liiolbt r, two grand ilauj'lit.-iK, two mothers ami iwodniiiihi. r-, an aunt and a niece and bul four ptrmnim etl t i, , Com mtrtial. ILethroit gass is very extensively used now mdm-Ul opeitttiuiis.