Ohio State journal (Columbus, Ohio : 1849 : Weekly), 1852-07-27

              VOLUME XLI1. COLUMBUS, OHIO, TUESDAY, JULY 21, 1852. NUMBER 48. PUBLISHED KVKRY TUESDAY MORNINO ItY HCOTT tfc BAHC0.1I. JFKICK joub.val BUiLuiNoa.moH and pearl strkktb. COUNTING ROOM ON HIGH t-TIltET. T Bit .UK Inviiriably In ndvanco. IV on It y per milium In Cnlumhus DOO Out ul tlmctty; by mail, mania 15(1 'l'oc ubiol lour and upward 1 'J5 To 'iibsol ten and upwards, to ono address 1 0!) Dally, susaion tt " Trl-vWklv. do 1 ( Weekly dn., fiugle TIih Journal Is also published Daily iuiri Tri-Weekly during Ihe foar i Daily per annum, by man, S; irl-weekly, J. ItntcH ofAilvortlNlnii WeoklT Paper. Onoiquarv, 10 lines orleas, one insertion 00 30 " " " each additional " 0 -!." " " " 1 month 1 flu ' ' " 9 " i ' 3 " 3 50 " ( " S 00 " ta i " " changeable monthly, nor annum 20 Oil " ' " w.kly " " aiKKl Standing card, one square or leu, 11 8 00 k column, chin geable quarterly," ' 115 00 " i n m no ii i i i a UK) 00 Other cum not provided for, chargeable in conformity with tint above rates. Allloaileil iidvnrtltnmflntstnhflchnrgednotlosathBn double tho above rates, and meant retl ni it solid. AdvrtrtifnmrntnjntlininMldi'nxcluslvt;ly,tobflohBrgcdatthn art or SIP puree nt.ln advance on trie above nuns. So r c i g nPt portment. Frrm tho New Era. OBEENW00D LEAVES FK0M OVER THE BEA. BiHMlNGHAM, JuilO 18, 1852. My Dear M: Yesterday morning I Bet outenily, with a small parly o( frieuds, to visit Wurwick Cuslle ntid its storied neighborhood. Wu left th railway nt Leamington, wheio wo tuck a carriage for Warwick. Tf lis Leamington, a fushioiinblu waier in-place which lias been Imilt up almost entirely witli iu tho last ihirty years, is in appearance more like on American town than nny I have yt seen. It i spoken of hero a a miracle of rapid growth. My first lull view of Warwick Castle is hung iu my memory a picture of beauty mid grandeur, which must bo a ''joy forever." As wo rodo into tho old town, wo passed on n noble stone bridge over the Avon, whero tho finest view is obtained. It had Imon raining; hut the shower was uow past, and the sun out iu dazzling radiance. Tho air was freshened with a pleasant wind, and sweetened with roes, and from tho tower of an old church near by, melnw-toued bells were ringing tho morning cliiiuo. At our left stood the civile with its dark huttlemented walls, its hoary turrets and gigantic towers grand iu its pi i 'portions, beuutiful iu its surroundings, and glorious iu its historical associations. As thu Earl of Warwick wan at homo, wo were obliged to stop at the porter's lodge, while our cards were sent tip to him, und leave accorded to us to poo tho castle. Hut we were well amused by the port res, who showed us the famous porridge-pot of llie redouluhle Earl Guy, wilh Id armor, sword, helmet, breast-plate, walking stall', fleab-foik, and stirrup. These are a giant's accoutrements ih sword weighs twenty pounds, and tho armor of ihe knight and that ,,f his steed Hroin proportion. Tlio faith of tho old retainer in tho marvellous logo tids she rehearsed was quite eddying. Sho assured us (hat Erl Guy was nearly 10 feet in height, nnd that he was ni'Ciixtoiiud to take hia food from that identical porridge pet, which holds 11)2 gallons, and which, on tho occasion ot the present E irl's oldest son (Lord Brooke) coining of age, was filled with punch three times a day tor throe days, for tlio people, film is a curious old dame. After receiving his lordship's graciously accorded permission, we passed up a noble pivemcnt cut in tho solid rock, onto eight fir ti ll feet deep, nnd prettily overgrown with moss nnd ivy, loading lu tho outer court. As I walked slowly on, my thoughts went back three hundred years, when knights aud Indies g.iy, went dashing up this pass, followed tiy fair pages and fairer maids, dainty minstrels and jolly friarx, faithful enquires and stout men at arms, could almost hoar the tramp of mail-clad steed n, the light curvetting of palfreys, the clang of armor, the jingloof gilded bridles, tho laughter ot young gallants, aud the sweet voices of merry dumes. I could almost see the waving of banners and plumes, Ihe II isli ot shields and arms, and gorgeous veituro, as therlory of leudal power and the (lutdl of courtly beauty swept by. Alas, for was'ed sentiment ! 1 all too miou ascettaitied that iliis rocky pautt was constructed by the hitu Earl, th castle having formerly had a dillerent approach. We passed over tho draw-bridge, under tho portcullis, into the inner court, which contains nearly nu acre. The moat is not tilled with water, but overgrown with flhruhs and grass of tho brightest green. The castle surrounds tho court with its walls and immense towers. Wo were first shown into 1ho great halt, a mnguihVent apartment, hung with old nnnor, antlers, &c. Its deep, wide chimney, with large blocks of wood piled in the corner, ie minded ono of the box-pilahlo ball ol Cedric the S.iXon; but tho floor of tes-aolntcfl nimble, mill the henutilid hut evid-li'ly mnderu ,oof, eliVctually nmrretJ ihe antiquotllect ol t' e whole. From tho hall wo were shown through the suite of State apartment Ihe mile-room, the cedar drawing-room, the gilt room, ihe anile bed room, the statedressing-room, and the great biuiqneting hall. Tin-He were rich beyond description, iu pictures, marbles, hosts, vases, tiagliolas, cabinets nnd tables exquisitely inlaid, curiosities and antiques of all sorts. Among the pictures are many whn h my heart stood still to behold, There was Nhakspearo, Leici ster, (1'ieen Elizabeth, Hir I'hillip Sidney, Cromwell, i'rinco Kupert, (a glori-ous creature!) Henrietta Mnria nnd her children, and o number of England's imr?iortatdecadiated Anna llo-leyu, Earl of Esex, Sirnliord, Montrose, Mary Q leen ot 8eot,aiid "ClMirhs the Mai'iyr," who, nccoidingto tradition, prenented himself to Hi. 1'eter, with his head, Dot Ins heart, in Ins hand. The liuest pictures in the collection are, I think, by-Van livke. Nothing surely can bo grander, in the way ol n portrait, than his equestrian picture of Charles I, whicn hangs at tho end of n orr dor, by i I self. The state bed-room, where stands Ihe famous bed of Qteeti Anne, a splendid, comfortless-looking rttlair, is hung with quaint, hided tapestry, made at llnmnoli, in 10(14 TheMatodrefsing-room an exquisite little npartineiit, hung with small but msi vaUiublo paintings; its windows command some lovely view, and Lady Warwick has shown good taste in appropriating it as a boudoir. The armory is a rnrioiis, heterogeneous collection, comprising, it seemed to me, every weapon of personal otV-nce and defoiire, of every age, ovpi the wlnde world. There hung the cross-bow of nu ancient llrium, by tho tomahawk of nn Ameticnu Indian; a light, 1 richly mounted modern rill", besido tho heavy banle-nxe of a Crusader; und next to ihe volvet-shcuiihed dagger of Queen Elizabeth lay one of Cull's murderous revolvers. In short, the long, high armory seems one chaotic inns of all tho instruments of war nnd iia-ssistnation which the genius of man, aided by infernal inspiration, has yet been ablo to device. On our way up to iho billiard room, we were shown the splendid trippings of Queen Elizabeth's horse, perchnnre thoso lie wore nl Ketnlworth ; ami on the billiard-table lay her maiden Majesty's fiddle, acuri-otlsly-rarved iiiNirumetit, in an old wurm enten cbio. As our titno wan limited, we did not ascend either of tho towers, or pass along the walls; but we visited tho green -house,, where wo saw th (anions Wsrwick vase, brought from Adrian's villa, Tivoli, by Sir William Hamilton a work of art whieh I tear I ennnnt appreciate. Afterward wo strolled through Ihegrouuds for a timo atas. too shuri n time. Trees more beautiful and stately never caught Hit sunlight on their glistening leaves, never answered thu winds with contin-Dnus murmurs, or cat n gracious slotde on the earth. Tho cedars uf I.ehnnon gave mo a sort of religious joy, an awe-struck admiration flung their beauty on my oul like sul em n shallows. St. Mary'i Church, Warwick, is principally celebrated for its heainifid chapel, and as containing the M. nu-uhntnp tombs. In the chancel are the innrhlo clligies of Thomas lleanchamp, Earl of Warwick, and his Countess, Catharine Mortimer; of their son Thomas, and his Countess " ihey four and no more." The sarcophagus of tho poet, Hir Fulko (irevil, is in the Chapter Homo. It contains this pithy inscription : "'uUe Qrtvil, icrvani to Quern Elizabeth, councillor to to A i Jamet, and friend to Sir J'hthp Sidney. I ro- fttaum pceeatt, ' The lleanchamp Chopel, famous fur its exquisite Gothic architecture and splendid windows, contains monuments and efligies of two Enrls of Warwick, ol Robert Dudley, Earl of Leicester, and of Lattice, hi third Couutess. Tho figures of tho two last are dressed and colored us in life. Thoy seem tn have stretched themselves out fur a sort of stiffened siesta. Strangely enough, felt an involuntary indignation against thorn both, on poor Amy Rohsart's account. Opposite is the tomb of Leicester's infant ton, who was heir to eight titles wh'-n he died. This " noble impe," as the inscription calls him, was impiously poisoned by his nurse; but he may havo escaped the scnlhdd in this way who knows? Ho is a pretty child as he lies there, like a stately little petrifaction.. From Warwick wo drovo to Stratford-on-Avon, ab tut eight miles, by a pleasant and quiet road. I know I need not attempt to tell you, my doar M- , with whnt leoliugs I approached this shrine of my highest intellectual worship) how every hill aud green-shaded vale, und old tree, and the batiks of that almost sacred river, spoke to tnv bushed heart of him who onco Irod that earth, and breathed that air, and watched the silver Bowing of that stream; of him whoo mind was a fount of wisdom ami thi light, at wiucii setieratmu niter cuncraiion lias drunk, aud yet it fails nut; of him whone wondrous creative genius passed not alone into grand and terrible- lorms of hu man and superhuman power, nor personations of man ly wit, royal courtesy, and warlike courage ; but who rondo himxclf master of all the my-torics of the feminine soul of Nature, called iuio being a world of love and poetry, and peopled it with beaeiiful immortals; of him whose bold yet delicato hand swept every chord in man's variable nature, to whom the soul of ebdd- hood gavo up its tender little secrets, from whoso eye nntning was uid, even in tlio deepest heart ol womanhood.I knew tho house I should have known it anywhere, from plates and description!. We passed through the shop, into what aecined to have neon a sort of family-room. Here I felt disposed to linger; for in that deep chimney-corner he must havo sat often, in winter nigh is, dreaming ihe dreams that have since tilled tin) world, remaps no t lie ro saw, in the glowing embers, tho grotesque and horrible faces of Cali ban nnd tho weird sudors, or Ihe delicate forma of Ariel and litanta flouting in the wreathed smouc, and heard in the rain without, the pitiless storm which beat upon trie Head ot Lear. We ascended a short, narrow flight of stairs, and stood in the birih-placo of Shakspearo! the humble little room where his infant heart took up that throb which had in it so much ot the intellectual life of the ages to come. As 1 stood silently there, 1 was almost named with avaiu wonderment as to the mother of 8haks- peare. Was she great hearted and large-minded fully worthy of tho glory which rays back up u her? Did no instinctive pride stir grandly in her bosom, as she fuiu against it tirst Her new-born child f Did uo pro phetic glorying mingle with her sweet maternal joy ? Tho entire hotiso is small and simple, even to mean ness; and yet it has ever been, and must bo while it stands, tlio "pilgrim shrine ' ol genius, and wealth, and rank, and loyalty, whero the humble and great of ait tuitions do homage toa monarch ol tho human mind absolute and uudepsable. As I emerged from this low, dark house, which I hold should bo dearer to England than any palace ol her kings, and walked to wards the Church of tho Holy Trinity, I was disagreeably struck by Ihe smart, insolent newness of some of tho buildings on my way, and by the modern dress and air ot the peopio. jlow I hated the during shop windows, wilh their display of cheap ribbons, and prints, and flashy silks ! v ' But I was comforted by the sight of a coodlv num ber of quaint and moss-grown houses, and 1 could have messed a company ol strolling players and ballad sing ers, who had collected a gaping crowd in an open square, for being in harmony somewhat with the place, I could havo willed Stratford and all its inhabitants to havo been wrapped forever in a charmed sleep, like that of the fairy tale when tthukspeare was laid to his rest in that picturesque old church on the banks of tho Avon. Nature seems nowhere tiuhariiiouious with inu'a poetic memories of him you could almost be- liovo that tho trees, ami the grass, aud even the flowers were of his day. I remember a rich June ruse, hang ing over a hedge, its warm lenvos glowing ilirough glistening rain drops, and that it seemed to me he might liuvo lookeil into the heart of this rose, and dreamed of the passion-freighted heart ot Juliet. Wo entered tho church, passed up to tho chancel, und stood before the bust and above the ashes of tihakapeure. On our return to Warwick, we found that wo had not time sutlicient for n visit to Kenilworth castlo, I am intending to "do" that, on my way to London, next week, together with Mm famous old town of Coventry, where tho benevolent Lady Gndiva once took an airing on horseback, Hut for her health, but for the common weal. Sunday afternoon. I attended worship tins morning n the old i tat Mi church of Edubastun. I chose thia. becnuse I was told it was a beuiitilul.niitinue. ivv -clnd. foliage embowered little building. I found it all this, Ihe very ideal of a country church, half hiil among Mm trees, and calling sweetly to worship with most melodious bt lis; but tho anrvico wus mum than two hours long I There were no less than eight prayers and thanksgivings offered up for " her most gracious Majesty indeed tier mnno was mentioned neai Iv as olien as that of Christ, and with quite as much apparent reverence Tho I'rinco Consort nnd i'rinco of Wales were also most honorably mentioned and fervently prayed for. At one time, I was npprehensivc that all the royal children were to bo senarntelv nre- icnted; but to my relief they were collectively com- ueuiled to the loyal earn ol Providence, as "ihe rest ot ihe Itoyal Fumily." The beadle, in his red livery and baton, striding pompously up nnd down tho nislo, a terror to nil sni tiling little boys and coughing old paupers, struck me most ludicrously; tho sermon was weiiK, nriu the delivery weaker; and, on the whom, 1 :amo to mo conclusion that when next I wished to see a country church for its picturesque aituntiou and ivy-mantled tower, I would chuoso a week day for my vifit. To-morrow I am to havo mv first skdit of an Kurdish cathednd. I wonder if, iu its consecrated precincts, I "hall feel any awo-sti m k remorse for my present irrov-eronce; or if, like most tourists, I shall forget nil such things as personal religious sentiments, in admiration of its architectural proportions, sculpture, and stained glass. JVdat vcrront. As over, yours. Ghacg Greknwood. ACRE-MT. CARMEL JAFFA. We always read Bayard Taylor's letters with interest. Ho has a graphic, easy, and natural way of describing men and things that i pleaning to Ihe thousands who follow his wanderiugs as described hy Dim in the Tribune. Wo clip tho followiuc from his lust letter : In the morninc wo rode to Aero, the fnriificniinni ol which havo been restoied oil the land sido. A nonder- ous double gateway of sloiio admitted us into tho city, through what was once, apparently, tho court-ynrd of a fortress. Tho streets of tlio town are narrow, terribly rough nnd very dirty, but the bazaars nro oxteusivo and well stocked. Tho principal mosque, whoso heavy dome is visthlo at some distance from the city, is surrounded with a garden, inclosed by a pillared corn-dor, paved with marble. All the houses ol the city are built in the moat massive alyjo, ot hard gray limestone or marble, and Ibis circumstance ahum prevented their complete destruction durum tho English horn. bnrdmont in 1841. Tho maiks of the shells are everywhere seen, and tlio upper inils of the lottv buildinua aro completely riddled with cannon bulls, some ul which remain imbedded iu the stone. We made a rapid tour of thu town on horseback, lollowed by the curious glances of the people, who were in doubt whether to consider us Turks or Frnnks. There were a dozt'ii vessels in the harbor, which is considered the best in Syria. ihe baggigo-mules had gone on, so we gnlloprd after them along the hard beach, around the bend ol the bay. It wtH a brilliant niorniiiL' : a delicious south astern breeze came to us over tlio lb,werv ii'iiin nt Exdraeldn; ihe sea on our riuht shono hi ue. nod imr pie, and violet green, nnd black, as Iho shadows or sunshine crossed it. A fisherman stood on tho beach in a statuesque attitude, his bare legs bathed in tho frothy swells, n bug of tieh hanging (com his shoulder, and the large square not with its sinkers of lead iu his right baud, ready for n cast. He had pood luck, for tho waves brought up plenty of largo hMi nnd cast them at our feet, leaving ihetn to stiuvgle back into the ireaiuerous nnno. il.-tweeii Acre and Haitawe tmss- i-d six or eight wreck, mostly ot sin a 1 1 tradinir vessels. Before leachitiu tlio line of imlm-tret a mllinc t)m it mi of Mt. Caruiel, we forded the fiiver Kishon, on whose banks the prophet Elijah slew the priests of Uaal. The town d' Haifa, theniictetit Caiaphu.is small, dirty, and beggarly-looking; but it huisomu commerco, sharing tho trade of Acru iu the productions of Syria. It was Sunday, and all tho Cousulur tligs were Hying. It was an uimxporled delight to find tho American col-or iu this littlu Syrian town Hying from one of the tallest poles. We ascended to Mount Carmel. The paih led through a grove of canm trees, from which the beans, known in Germany as St, Julio's bread, are produced. nner una, wo came into an olive grove, at the loot ot ihe mountain, from which lona fields of wheat, oivhur tot lh a ripe summer smell, flowed dnwu to the shore of Ihe bay. Iho olive trees were of immense size, and I can well believe, as Fra Carlo informed us, that they were probably phuited by tho Human Colonists, established there by Titus. The snarled, veteran boles alill end forth vigorous and blossoming boughs. There an manner oi mvuy nglits ami sttaito ('beqilered over the turf and winding path we rode. At last we reached the foot of an ascent, steeper than the Ladder ol Tyro. As our horses slowly climbed to the Convent ol bt. Mtjah, who.-e trench Hug wo already saw flout- nig over the shoulder ol the mountain, the view otien ed gradually to the north and east, revealing tho bay and plain of Acre, and tho coast as far as Has Nukhara, irom winch we first aaw Mt. Carmel the day previous. I he two tews arw very similar in character, one being Urn obverse ol the other. Wo reached the Convent Dayr Mar Elias, ns the Arabs call it at noon, just in time to partake of a bountiful dinner, to which the monks had treated themselves. Fra Carlo, tho cnod riniii-mvuu, wmij receives si rangers, nnoweu us the ouiuiing, ami llie Urotto ol tin h. which is under the altar ot iho Convent Church, n small, but very hand some structure of Italian marble. The snnctity of the grotto defends on tradition entirely, as there in no mention in tho Bibln of Elijah bavins resided on Cm. mel, though it wus from thu mountain that he saw the cloud, "like a man's hand," rising from the sea. The Convent, which is quite new not yet completed, in hict is n large, inaasivo building, and bus Uu aspect of a fortress. As wo were lo slnep at Taniurn, fivo honmlistnnt, we were obliged lo make a short visit, in spite id" the invitation of the hospitable Fra Carlo, to spend the night there. In tho afternoon we passed Iho ruins of Athlit, a town of the Miild e Ages, and thoOasiel l'ellegrinn. of the Crusaders. Our rond now followed the beach, nearly the whole distance to J alia, ntid was, in many places, lor leagues in extent, n solid luyer of while, brown, purple and rosy shells, which crucked and rattled under our horses' feet. The next inorninir wo passed the ruins of ancient Ctesarea, on a small cape, backed by a plain completely overgrown wilh camomile, chrysanthemum and wild shrubs. Tho principal remains of the town consist of a massive wall, flanked with pyramidal bastions at regular intervals, aud wilh the traces of gateways, draw-bridges aud towers. It was formerly surrounded by a deep moat. Within this space, which may be a quarter of a mile square, are a few fragments of buildings, and toward iho sea some high atches and mnsses ul masonry. The plain around abounds with traces of houses, streets ami conr'-ynrds. LVinren was ono of iho Human Col-nub s, but owed its prosperity principally to Herod. St. I'atil passed Ilirough it on hit way from Mscedou to Jerusalem, by the very mad we are (ravel inn. During the day our rond struck inland over a vast rolling plain, covered with sage, lavender and other sweei-smellinB shrubs, and tenanted by heards of gazelles and Hocks of large itorks. As wa advanced tur- ther, Ihe landscape became singularly boautiful. It was a broad, shallow valley, swelling away toward the east into tow, rolling hills, fur back of which rose the blue lino of the uiuuntaius the hill country of Judea. The soil, where it wns plowed, was ihe richest vegetable loam. Where it lay fallow it was entirely hidden by a bed of grass and camomile. Here and there great herds of sheep and goals browsed in thu herbage. The district is famous, for robbers, and we kept our arms in readiness, and never suite red the baggage to ho out of our sight. I shall not soon forget tlio fright of an Englishman whom wo met. Hiding ft advance of his party, ho came upon (as he supposed ) ithree Turks, armed to the teeth, who instantly made toward nun. Me attempted to lly, but Ins nurse became unmanageable, so ho waited our attack, staring in our faces with wild eyes and a look of complete helplessness. Even when wo accosted him iu English he stammered out some Arabic words iu reply, his ear being entirely the fool of his imagination. At the little village of EL Hnrnm. whero wo spent i lie night, 1 vistted the tomb ot On Han Alleun-Aluym, who is now revered us a saint. It is inclosed iu u mosque, cowniug Ihe top of a hill. I was admitted into a court yard without hesitation, though, from the porter styling me " Ellondi." he probably look me for a Turk. At the entrance to the inner court I took ufl' my slippers und walked to the tomb of tho tSultnn a rquare heap of white marble, in a small marble enclo sure, in one ol the nicheB in tuo wall, near tlio tomb, there is a very old iron box, wilh a slit in the top. The porter informed mo that it contained a charm, belonging to Sultan Alt. which was of great use iu pro ducing ruin in times of drouth. A rido of three hours over a pavement of chclls, yesterday morning, brought us to Jatl'a. The leiriblo coast was still lined with wrecks, und just betbro reach lug the town, we paused a vessel ot some two hundred tous, recently ashore, wilh her strong hull tail! unbrok en, ine aspect ot jut la, is exceedingly picturesque. It is built on a hill, and the laud for many miles around it being low and Hut, its topmost houses overlook all the plaiu of Sharon. Tho old harbor, protected by a reel of rocks, is on tho imrlh side of the town, but in now so sanded up Unit lurgu vessels cannot enter. A number of small cralt wore. Ivine close to the shore. Thu port presented a different see no when the ships ol flirmii, King of Tyre, cam iu with ihe matciialu fur the Temple of Solomon. There is but ono gate on tho land side, which is rather stiongly fortified. Outside of this there is un open space, which wu found filled wilh venders of oranges uud vegetables, camel-men and tho like, some vociferating iu loud dispute, some given up to silence and smoKu under the Biiaue ol the sycamores. we rodo under the heavily arched and towered gate way, and entered the bazuar. The street was crowd ed, nnd there wub such a confusion of camels, donkey i and uion, that we made our way with difficulty ulong the only practicable street in the city, to the seu-side. where Francois pointed out a hole m the wall as Ihe verilublo spot whero Jonah was cuat ashoro by the whale. I bis part of the harbor is the rccoptnble of all tho offal of tho town, and I do not wonder that 'he whale's stomach should have turned on approaching it. The sea-etreet was tilled with merchants aud traders, and wo were obliged to pick our way between b.trs ol iron, skins of oil, heaps of oranges, and piles ol building timber. At last we reached tho end, and as thre wus no other thoroughfare, returned the same way we went, passed out the gate, and took iho road to Itnmlrh und Jerusalem. n. T. Manufacture of Steel Pent. The special correspondent ot the London Moraine Chronicle, furnbhes the subjoined sketch of Gillotl's celebrated steel pen manufactory, at Birmingham, to tho editors of ihe Merchant's Magazine : Mr. Gillott, of Birmingham, who has done so much to improve it, considers llie manufacture to be yet iu us miuncy. 1110 tirst operations are poriormed hy steam. The sheets nt steel, niter ihey are received, are reduced In the requisite tenuity by successive tiausits through tho rolling mill operations which are tended by men aud boys. When reduced in this manner to the thinness of a steel pen, and to ihe length ot ubout two feet, and the breadth of two inches mid a hull or three inches, tho sheets of steel are ready for the next processes, which are entirely performed by women and girls. Describing the rooms according tu the dr ier ol iho processes, und not according to tho arrance- meut of the building, tho first tu bo entered is that wnore mo "planks aro punched nut. Hanged in double rows alone a largo uud roomy work-shop, with windows at both sides, anil scrupulously white and an in tioor, rout, aim walls, are seated irom tutv to a hundred girls aud women, from the ago of fourteen to forty and upward. Thu ouly sounds to bo heard are, (be working oi the hand-press, and ihe clinking ci the small pieces of metal as they fill from llie block into the receptacle prepared lor them. This process is performed with great rapidity, one girl, of uverage rapidity nnd dexterity, being ablo to punch or cut out about a hundred gross per day. Each division of the workshop is superintended I iy a tool maker, whose business it is to keep the punches nnd presses in good working condition, to superintend tho work yeiierullv. und to keep order among the working people. ihe next operation is to place the blank in n con cave die, on which a slight touch fromaconvex punch produces tho requisite shrine that nt asomt-ttibo. The slits and apertures, which increase ihe elasticity of the pen, and t no maker s or venders name or mark, nro produced by a similar tool. The last operation is that I slitting, winch is also poriormed by girls und wo men. 1'ieviously to this, however, the pen undergoes a vaiiety of processes iu a ditVerent part of the f icto-ry, aud under the hands of a ddlcreiit class of work people. When complete all hut tho slit, tho pen is soft and pliable, anil mny bo bent in the hnud like a thin piece of ted. lleiug collected in "grouses "or "great grosses" the former conlaiuing one hundred and foity-fotir, and tho great gross twelve times thai number tho pens aro thrown into little iron square boxes by men, who crforin all tho work in this department, mid Ihey ore placed iu a furnace, where ihey remain till box ami pens aro of a white heal. 1 hey aro then taken out and thrown hissing hot m pin s or tunks of oil a process which cures them of tin ir softness by making Iheru britlle. When lakeii nut of lie oil, they mny be brokou by iho lingers wilh as much ease us if they were so many wnlcrs. As a great deal of oil adheres to them, they aro put into a Move to drain. 1 here they remain till no more oil will run from them; but notwithstanding nil the draining which they have received, the oil is not etlcctually removed. lo cleanse tliem thoroughly, Ihey were formerly thrown into pits or heaps oi snwdust, und stirred about; but as, by this process, iho sawdust heenme clotted into oil-cake, nnd wns rendered unserviceable, the in- 'entlity ol Mr. Gillott was taxed to discover some means by which a saving both of oil and sawdust could bo alfected. It wan not long before the thought struck him, that if the pens were mudn to revolve iu a pertu-rated cylinder, the last drop of oil might be forced out of them intact, that tho oil might bu twirled from the pens like moisture irom a mop. The experiment was tried, nnd succeeded admirably. The pens, after beiiiir allowed to drain in the sieve till no more oil would run off them, were placed, apparently dry, but creasy looking, in the cylinder. ami twirled around with great rapidity, till the oil ran on in a copious stream, i ne mingled oil and sawdust formerly constituted a imiannro, and it was necessary tu change the sawdust and burn it three or four times a tiny, it now lasts lor a week. II v this menus a rernnrknhlo instance nt the economy of mnnulaciurers !ir. tiiihitt lias diminished Ins oil account trorn ?JU) to f:)00 per annum, ibis operation onco conquered, tho pens are onco more placed lit revolving cylinders, where their friction ngaiust each other produces the necessary polish. Each pen is thus made to clean and polish its neighbor, l lie next process in to mast or anneal these brittle nrlicles, and give them the flexi bility ol the quill, and produce upon them, at the same time, the color that may be desired, whether btnnze or blue. The flexibility and color nro both produced by bent, and it becomes a delicate matter so to arrange and regulate it, as to attain the exact results desired From litis department they aro onco more consigned to the female part of the establishment, whore, by tho operation ol the cutting tool, cacli pen receives ill required slit. Ono girl, wilh a quick and practical finger, can slit by this moans as many as two hundred gross, or twenty-eight thousand in a day. They are now ready lor counimp nnd packing, in boxes, tor the wholesale market. This last stage of tho business is wholly performed by young girls. Mr. Goldschmidt. A correspondent of the 0 our- rler des Etats Unis writos from London, under date of tho 19th ulM "Jenny Und will not sing. Sho 1ms resistori alike the offers and prnyets of the director nnd of Iho com. mittee. The real cause of this refusal, which nothing can overcome, is doubtless that the famous songstress is in a condition too interesting to ndmtt o tier appearance on the stage. She sails to-day with her husband, tor Germany. Thrro is no call for them tn emigrate to Australia. With mm half of what she brings with her from America, Madam Goldschmidt might purchase a dozen principalities, and give the little pianist, whom alio has chosen for a husband, a position fur morn brilliant than King (.Mho's, "I was nt tho shop of Mr. Mitchell, Iho bookseller, who, you know, adds to that business the management of St. James' Theatre, ami ihero entered a small sued young man wiihnlb.cted mnuners, diffident, and blush ing like a young maiden, afraid to raise his eyes. He asked for two seats in the family circle, nnd paid for them. He then inquired o n clerk it ho could have visiting cards engraved in tho establishment. He learned that he could. He chose the kind of clmrac ters he desired to have, the paper, the shape and sire of the enrd ; and then proceeded to bigglo violently about the price. Failing lo get an abatement, lie let uiw Miop nut presently atlcrwards returned. nnd linnl-ly gavo the two names: " M. Goldschmidt e Mine. Guldchmidt, nee Jenny Lind." lie certainly proves himself nn exceedingly economical htisbnml, who will not be likely to iquauder the earnings of his wile." Dkath or Mn. McKenNAN. The Hon. T. M. T. McKeiinnn, of Washington, l'a., died on ihe Cth i tint. He was formerly member of Congress from I'etinsyl. van is, and had tilled various high olltces with distinguished honor. Few men had more personal friends, or were more generally beloved. His ago 5i. Political. Alarmed 1 Begging for quarters! Trying to get up an excuse ior ucieai j The Statesman of Monday contains a letter from Washington, wiitteii by either Dr. Olds, or Mat Martis, it is difficult to tell which. It is n document of such rare romance, of such startling, mare's nest in tensity, nnd of such palpable falsehoods, humbuggery and mnck patriotism on its face, that we aro disposed to give it ihe benefit of our extensive circulation. It is evident thai our opponents are badly scared. Nothing else could have induced ihem to drop ttio tone of confident assurance which has heretofore mark ed their course, and resort to ibis pitiful, whining, con temptible lino of policy. Wo trust the Whigs at Washington are at work with all their might ; hut the idea o' employing the contingent fund of ihe House is a gull, to keep attention from the conduct of the Locofoco committee, who aro using all kinds of Congressional uid to circulate thoir documents. Remember the clerks' and aergennts-at-arms' rooms are tinder the control of unscrupulous Locofocog, Tho Whigs have no patronnge of the kind; and if anybody is green enough to sup pose that Senator Gwin, the President, or A. 1 Edgkii-to.v, the Secretary of tho Locofoco Congressional Ex ecutive Committee, will neglect or leuve unused any of Uieso appliances, lh 'tro quite loo verdant for use this year, 1852. But read this letter. It is the best confusion of coming defeat we have scon : Correspondence of iho Ohfo Stateiman ' WAsiiiNaTop, D. C, July 13, 1852. ' Col. 8. Medary : Sir I fear you Ohio Democrats underrate the power and influence ot the Scott b etleral party. U looks as if you had all forgotfeti their former jcoariiackt, their Hands, their ' itascality Committees, their baclianiiiian revolries. their sacrilegious hard-ci der and parch-enru' sucrarneiits, and their false election returns. Or, if you havo not forgotten these and other things, which brought deaih on two Presi dents, you seem to net aud talk as if they would not be so criminally outrageous again, it so, L would sny, you are mittaken. For thu initiatory steps id' tho 'Scot- tith elant' are more desperato and more infamous limn so earty in any previous campaign. As evidence ol these facts, I enclose you a copy of a spurious publication issued or printed. " liuell Jilanehard,'1 of ihiscity, who have struck off, I am informed, one hukpred thousand copies for Northern dovch face Seatt Whiet such ns Ibui. L. D. Campbell, and Hon. Ebon Newton, of Ohio, eachof whom havo had folded two thousand copies of this tpuriout publication, tube sent under their franks to inipoce upon theirconstituenls. 1 lie title of this Whig prnduction is ' A Brief Chapter in the Life of General Franklin Pierce." No one should be deceived by this Whis nnmnhlet of eight pni'cs. Every sensible man will ut once see that thorn Whigs would not go to tho expense of five hundred dollars, (ihe price of one hundred thousand enpies,) for iho circulation of a chapter of tho life of i irn-n, uiiii-nii ii wfia 10 oeceive me people, maite mem "believe a tie," nnd get ttiem to veto for ico-mdrclt. or contrary to their sentiments. The fact of Campbell, Newton, and others, having these spurious sheets folded at tho expense of thu Contingent Fund of the House of Cnngrep. spread broadcast before their constituents. slmu Id sink them below tho respect of any honest man of nil parties. I ho ticott Club Room horn employs about ten clerks, with Fits Henry Warren at their head, to direct these tpnriovs publications, WhigslatiiUus. the lives of Gen. Scott, one tor the Worth and another for the Souih, with all species of variations for w hich they mav thank the devil. I also send you a copy of tho Sitrnal. containing tho slnnder the reputed slander of Frank I'icrre favoring that odious restriction taw of New Hampshire, with many other slanderous imputations ngaiust the candi dates nnd the Democracy. Hon. Mr. Dockery, of North Carolina, had ten thousand copies of this number of the (Signal folded for his Southern distribution. Also, n copy nl the Campaign Republic, published at New Orleans, Louisiana. You will observe that this latter paper gives thu Abel it Urn cnl In Frank Tierce-sots him down in the cat'-gnry with Vuu Buren, Seward, and other Freesoilers. And what makes It Btrunge that Freesoil Whigs, such un Campbell, Newton of the House, and Seward and Truman Smith, of the Senate, with Southern Whig, should meet together iu tho same club-room, nnd under ihe parcelling out if Triiuinii Smith, should frank these missiles to suit tho dillerent sections of the Union. They can fight with severe words and grimaces beforo the world, while ihey cloaet together for base political purposes Tim Alu.liiion and Freesoil charges ngaiust 1'ierce aro S' nt South, while the pro slavery charges are sent tn the ireo.'States. 1 might put up many other tilings, ot locution hereBDotiis such as the prevalent rumor that fifteen thousand dollars hove been, or are about to bn of- lercd u, Hie Llovelniid 'i rue Democrat, ii that paper will support Scott. Some go so Jar us to say Mr. 8., of reiinsyivanta, ior one "ino contract is made but I think that may bo incorrect. But whnt will your Democrats think, wlmn they seo ' this spurious life of I'iorce enrries tho sanction of the' National bra ! Jj it be true that many ol your Demo eratn linve been tosteiing and aiding the circulation o the Era, how will they feel for this viner-liko attack of that paper on the Democracy T In addition to the seeming connivance at iho eight pnge pnmphlot for the tree Mate circulation, tlio Urn, in Us editotiul of July 8th, says "the Democratic party is really the party ot the country; but wo contemplate with Baiisfaciion the prnhable defeat of lm Democratic party." Yet, it is anxious to defeat " the parly of the country!" Yes, auer ino country lias given him n patronnge by which he is gruwing rich with an incomo of perhaps twelve or fifteen thousand dollars nl net profit nmiuiilly he turns round and eonifmplalcs iciA sattujactwn the probable defeat of that country, and the triumph of tho army and navy over the people for hero is really one of the great issues. For uo sane man will deny that in this contest are on the one sul tho ormv, navy nnd plunder ot the public treasure and on tho othor side, ihe people. And even tho Era, once the stemintr friend of the latter, now, after being warmed into life by the people, turns upon them, and cnntemplntes with satisfaction, the triumph of a moneyed aristocracy and military despotism, Nnpoleon-hke, over that people 1 Dul I am inclined tn think when the Era thus wages war against ' really iho purty of the country," its lucks of iiigraiuuue win ne suoru. In addition to the foregoing, will not the Ohio Do- mncrncy have In meet all tlio revengeful feelings of ihe bankers whose brinks have been taxed as other property is taxed? Will not the aim be, by those monied men to mislead and buy up all the laborers, clerks, anil contractors, and all others they can, ot tboso thousands now engaged on railroads and other public constructions 7 Take those things into consideration and then tell me m Me Ohio Democrat capable of withstanding and succestfully rciintittg all these, bached upas they will be ny an old, statii, ana qfuea tideral influence l is it poi- nine ' Kespectiuiiv, tv.o , JAQUIS CARIE BRITISH INTERFERENCE. We ask every American citizen to read and carefully ponder on the following, which wo copy Irom tho letter ot "Independent" to the Philadelphia U. e. Gazette. Wo havo been awn re that British gold in days past had been used tu accomplish the triumpli of free trade principles in this country. Wo now sec that Britmh gold is again in the field, and will be used without stint tn bring about tho election of Pirninc, and thus continue tho system nf comparative free trade, out of which tho manuhictnrers and capitalists of Eng. land are making millions of dollars annually. Wo ask Americans, whodeBiro to build up American Institutions, if they feol disposed to assist theso British nabobs in this work of defeating Gen. Scott, nnd elevating the British free trader, Pikrci, to play into tho hands of the capitalists of Great Dritaiu ? Hend (ho remarks of iho London Times, (ho great organ of British capital ami interests. Hellect upon the position tho two pir ties occupy in this nation, and then see if you can con sistentlyaid In this British scheme of continuing ihe plunder of v our own laud. This is a gravo, vitally important tubjoct, and demands tho prompt ntid serious atteulmn of every patriot t Correspondence of thu North American and U. 3. (lazettn J Wasiiinoton, July 10, The friotids of Gen. Pierco appear to bo muaterini? nn both sides of lite Atlantic, and it is now evident ihnt the inlluetices which were so openly employed lor thebetiL-titnt tin Democratic candidate in 1818, are again to be enlided, and perhips on a more considerable scale. Tho imuiettso profits of the manufacturing interests in England, since the passage of the tar ill' ol JB'it), render its continuance, a matter ol the utmost im portance to them. It is very well known that a large iiiiiu wns raised in ftiaiicuesier aim tuner cities inter esled in our revenue law, to prevent nny alteration the existing system, ami it was strongly suspected when a movement wss undo, two yenrs aan. hmkiior In ft reasonable modification, that the power of this moneyed combination was the serious obstacle in llie wny of success. Tlio agents and partners of these Hritish establishments nre principally concentrnted at New York, which is the locnl point of operations in the I1 nited Stales. Tim London Times, of the 24th f June contains nn article nn Urn t residency, whirh is worthy of particular attention at this time, Und which I has a Bigniticanco not to be misunderstood. Hoenkitur of the result ot the Democratio Convention, It says: " lV greatly prefer Gen. Pierce to either Gen. Cnss, mt. uoiigias, or Mr. Btu tintmu speaking, ol course, principally with reference to iho opinion ami pj,.y these gentlemen aro believed to eutevtain as tn the relations of tho Uutua wilh this country and with foreign powers. "tie has had experience ot public all airs in the highest assembly of that country tho Senate of the United States and lo descend to minor particulars in ins political creed, tie w at onco a m m ot New Kng land, and yot a dt tided champion of Fra Trade." The great organ of British aristocracy and Britisli cnp:tal expresses its preference for Gon. Pierco because his "opinions and policy " are mora favorable to Eng land than thoso of Gen. Cnss or Mr. Buchanan. Thi is a precious confession to be sure, aud one which ought to appeal most urgently to ttie sympathy ot Dem ocratic freemen. But this i not the real or only mo tive wiiirn stimulates llie zeal ot the Times as an advocate of Gen. Pierce. There is o question of inlorest more immediately acting upon his partiality, and upon that question the Democratic candidate is us sound as any loom-lord in hyr mniosty's dominions. He is re commended for being a "decided champion of Free Trade," although a New England man, which, under ordinary circumstances, would carry with it ihe conviction that he was favorable to iho just protection of American industry, Theso are the arguments which come to us . from tho organ of British iutereats, and they are those j that will be used bv the auents und emissaries of Brit ish manufacturers, who will bo Bent here to represent the Free Trade I.eaimn. nnd nrrividpd with thn linnwu ui win iu am in preventing any po meat result wnicn may threaten a change in tho Tariff of 1845. Tile SllggeHliniia of tlio Times, ronaiderinir ttifl annrcfl Hum which iney emanate, simum recive serious attention. They address themselves especially to the industrial classes of the country, who have been prostrated by a system of legislation which protec's the pauper labor of England at tho expense of the honest and honorable labor of America. Lot the mechanics, miners and manufacturers of Petiusylvatiia ponder on theso facts, and then nsk themselves wheiher thoy enn co-operate wilh a party which has heretofore repeatedly betrayed their interests, and which is now leagued with a Britisli combination to crush tho last hope of diselithralment. British power and British gold have ui us inr assisted to prevent a modification ot the laritt f llMfi, ami denied American industry its reward. They aro again united in a more formidable array to rivet this odiouB system upon the statute book, which in euoct rcnriura the labor o iho United States tributary to that of Greot Britain. The Germans in the Field. Tho subjoined resolutions, agreed to at a Whig meet ing ot German citizens iu New York, merit an extend ed circulation. Considered in connection with exores stuns of opinion by German citizens of Wisconsin, an the evo of the last election in that State, uud wilh sub sequent declarations in other parts of the Union, they indicate iho progress of a change that is destined to tell severely on the fortunes of ihe Democracy. The magic of a iiamo must be of brief duration in Iho presenco of a policy which it everlastingly belies: iiepuDitc. Hesolved. That we hail the nomination of Win Meld Scott and William A. Graham, by the Baltimore Whig wi-inrimun, hb a mipp; " mm uiai w give n our hearty approval, and will support it in ihe ensuing election. Retolvcd, That we endorse the cardinal principles of no ing pnriy, and win do our nest to sustain and realize them. Resolved, That wo, as American citizens of German birth, aim at realizing those elements of progress which are contained in the principles ut the National Whig party. Resolved, That wo will uso our efforts for spreading, with all possible means, at proper time nnd in proper places, iho principles of Liberty and Independence upon which our Union is based, and for which our heroic leader. Major General Winfiidrl Srntt. ha riakerl his life iu numerous battles. Resolved, 'I hat we will atrivo for iho advancement nf , our home industry, not only by a wise protective tariff. nui nisn ny me prelection ol workingmeu associations by the State. Resolved, That wo recognize tho principle of advnn-ing measures of internal improvements hv thn Fed. eral Government as just and light, and that particular consideration ought to be paid lo societies of working- ujvii iii until mniancea. Resolved, That Ihe public domain, at the present state of our public treasury, ought not longer to be used ns a revenue, but given up to actual settler under fivnrablo terms. JitoofoedTh&t we, ns German-speaking Americans, do in iio wise intend to aepnrate ourselves from on r English speaking fellow citizens, or aim nt separate ends, but wish to ho cordially united with ihem in good harmony for n common cause the prosperity of mo pt-npie, io advancement ot our country swell-being, and tho principles of Liberty and Indeneiidem-e upon which this Union is founded. Georgia. A stroiiR address to the Whips of Genruia. cull in a Convention, is puhliidied in the Athens Republican, numerously signed by the principal whigs in the State. j inn excellent address concludes as loiiows : Whigs nf Georgia! Every thing we have ni party men been accustomed to cherish depends on tho contest. Let tin remember the now classic glories of '40, the Henry Clay of '44, the victory of '48, and resolve to consecrate tu a still more gra'etul memory the struggle nf '52 I Let us rear on high tlio standard of "Scott, Graham and our Country, " and bear it aloft in triumph! Then "Awake! Arise! Shake off thn dew-drops that glitter on your garments, and march forth to battle and to victory!" Bayatid Taylor, the traveler, is a patriotic fellnw. His country will never Buffer iu the eves of Eastern travelers, if they will only listen to his stories of American greatness. Al Beyroot he met with a Sheik, from the interior of Africa, who thought to sur prise him with description of African power, by tell ing mm mil ino King oi Asnanteo nnd tweniy-iour hous s full of cold : and that the sultan of Honssa had seventy thousand horses always saddled before hts palace. Tatlor told him that our country wns two years journey in extent that the treasury consisted of foiirthonand houses filled to the roof wilh cold, and that two hundred thousand soldiers on horseback k--pt ( oiHMiin pii-ini uniuna ouiiau r illmure s palnco That will do he can puss now. poetry. North American and U. S.Gaxrtto. A Lamont. Thoy aro paittug away from our clouded sky, Tho atars to which turned a nation's eye, Aod we watch their anting, ono by ono, As the (not it reached, tho lile-couno done. And our gain Is dimmed by the tears that fail As their Uht Is Tolled by Iho funitral pall; But no'er Iisto wa mourned as we mourn to-dsy, For wo stand by tho bier ol liarry Clay. Wo have watched tho waning of lite'a Uit ray, As It sunk to tho hnrlxon, day by day f Wo havo known that ibo hrsrt muit aoon he stilled Ho Ion wlih thn thnuaht of his country filled j And wo deemed wo wore nerved for tho parting hour, mutt 'whelms our soul with o'crmastering power, And Ilm hesrts ot a peopio aro bowed to-day Uo hath patted from our lovo and our grief sway. Oh I Mowers may bloom, and tho earth took bright la thn gorgeous glow ol the summer Itflht, And this glorious day rosy claim Its part la tho Joy and thn pride ot thn patrloi'a heart. Hut nover again shall our souls be stirred Hy the voico ao long In our councils heard. And whnm'er onr banner floats to-day Its craped olds tt-ll of a tyrant's away, Thn eloquent lip and thn tofty brow Aro stamped with ihnt tyrant's signet new, And not all our grief can break the spell Death hnB laid on thn life wo loved so Well. Vol his power hath bounds for nn'or shall fail On that honored nnmo the lunoral pall; Hut Its shadow ts on our hearts to-day, At wo wc.'p by the bier of Harry Clay. Mount Holly, July 4, 1PM. HF.SSIE LF.K. Now York Trtbuno. Bong-Iunrly'i Lane In thn night hours, long go, (Ulhnring on tho battle plain, Know yu how thoy sought tba foe, 'Mid thn gloom of Lundy'a Lann t Face to laco thn hnsts were mnt, Heart to heart tha lances sot; But a hero's blado was (hire, Flashing through the midnight sir, (eo tho routed loomrn yield, Winuild Bcott hath won thn field I Know ye how our victories ran, Through thn trenchot of tho foe, Frnm tho stones of San Juno To tho walta of Mexico! How iho bomb-shells fell, for dews, Night by night on Vera Cruxt How o'er Churubuico ' atroam, WnTi'd that sword, with fstelul g!osmt SHU thn opposing legions yield, WmriKLD Hcott dulh win the Mf Lot o'er myriad plains afar That Arm hand hath hurno Us pail-First la council, rlnt lo war, First In nvtry patriot heart, Wheroson'er our flag may wave, On ho loads his legions brave; In tho hottest of iho tray, Shrinking ne'or Irom dinger's way Strong that sword of lltinn tn wield, WiNriiLO Scott wins nery field t With the triumphs bravrly won, Like a mantlo round him thrown, Uo, with no proud deed undone, Stands on Victory's heights stone Towering o'er all heads alar As belimi tho morning alar Fade all paler light away Vanquished by his glorious ray, Bttil tho oppntlng ranks must yield, WmrtKLD Hcott shall wla tha dld I Buffalo Jims 97, 1831 H K. A PROTECTION AND COMMERCE. An argument upon which free-traders base sorno of meir strongest appeals is, that if American manufactures are protected, American commetce must sidler; it fabrics were made hero which are now made abroad, thoso who transport them hero limn abroad would be deprived of their employment. They admit that protection would stimulate labor, but say that ita effect upon commerce would be just the reverse. Suppose, now, that John Stokes should settle in Oregon, far avyay oil' on the banks of tho Columbia river, and betake himself to farming. The soil is favorable and Iho climate good, and indue time, bva reasonable amount of work. John harvests a fair crop of wheat. Tho next thing is to cot it ernund. But tbnndi ilm Columbia, is a fine stream, and though the creeks that , run into it are foil of places that Nature intended on purpose for mill dams, there are iioflouring-mills within some hundreds of miles So John calls in the ussis tnnceof the flat-boat men. and the raltamen. and the steamboat agents, it ho can hud any, to take his wheat sorno hundreds of miles down to tho sottleroent to get it gtoimd. And when ho wants a barrel of Hour, ull he has to do is to get them tn brins him one. Verv simple, isn't it f To be sure, it in a little expensive Ibr John to pay for all this carrying tho wheat bank ward find forwards, belles his trouble in raising it, but man does not live for himself alone, and only see how he encourages commerce ! By-and-hy there comes along some meddlesome fel-low, and proposes to set up a flour-mill right by John' j (arm. John is heartily iu favor of it, fur it is clear that it will nave him not only time, hut trouble and ex- j peine, if there are no transportation chargoa to pay, But straightway the flat-boat moii, and rallsmen, and stenraboal agents, if there aro any, raise n greatlino-and-cry, baying, in tho language of Mr. Webster, " Where shall wo go I What's lo become of its? If you get your Hour ground at home. John, don't voti see I you 'll Im taking tlm bread out of our mouths? What bimmoss have you to break down commerce in this way Look at theso rafts, nnd tlut-boats, and steam boats nublo monuments nf your country's enterprise. They 'II all Iio rolling in tho streams. John, if you don't give litem work to do." And so honest John Stoke says he believes ho don't want nny mill after nil, and goes on earning his own living, aud enough more to pay to commerce to give it n living to i. Now tho meddling fellow, aforesaid, doubtless jnfiV enced solely by his desiie to bring "grist to his mill," mounts ihe stump of one ol the trees that John has cut down, to persuade John Stokes, and llie flat-boat men, and raftsmen, and steamboat ngenls, if there are nny, that thoy ore ull mistaken. Whether Im will make it out wo cannot say, but wo think he might appeal lo thorn somewhat in this way : " If you, John, did not have to pay a dollar lo these men every time you get a bunhel of wheat ground, you would be every time a dollar the richer; and if you were a dollar the richer, yuu would have a dollar the more to spend. And you would spend it Ino, in buy-ing things down at ilu settlement, where there nro e great many things to bo bought that you could n't raise on your farm if yuu should trv till doomsday : for some of tin m won't grow up there, and some do n't grow at all. And if you comme'rcinl gentlornen should get a dollar tor bringing these things up for John, why won t u answer just as well ns it you got it tor carrying the wheat 1 And thu richer John cot, ihe more ho Ml lie ablo to buy down at the settlements, and consequently, the moro you 'II have to carry. But if it lakes all lie can earn to just pay fur carrying wheat back and forth, you it never get any more tn carry than you do now. ' And besides, John, if I come here and set up my mill, uud inako money by grinding your wheat, shall have aome money to s( -nd. Thore 'II bo two of us up hero, commercial gentlemen, to employ you, instead of one. But if I don 't get any work lo do, I shall have nothing to spend, ntid to I shall have no need of you. Depend upon it, John, and commercial gentlemen, the way to get rich is not to keep your neighbors poor. The moro wo all earn, the more wo spend; and what we spenu nmeniwy else gets; and there is nothing at ill in tho way to keep us Irntu all getting rich togeth- But the commercial gentlemen listen without beim? convinced, and think that the miller, although he is a miller, can't see as far into a millstone as tlmy eon. So they shako their heads, and go on shoving their boats up and down stream with John's (tingle bushel nf wheat. 1 he miller moves nil, or gets starved lo death, just as he happens lo fancy, and by-nnd-by poor old John himself gets worn out nod dies, nnd then ilu ro is not even a bushel of wheat lo carry, and the flat-boat men, nnd the raftsmen, und the steamboat agents, if tlmre are any, ore Mt to meditate upon tho uncertainties and mis fortunes incident to ull mundane and mercantile affairs.Having read Ihe nlmve excellent articlo from ihe Albany Evening Journal, we invite our readers to the consideration of the fact, that in all those countries in which tho farmer or tho planter has tn curry Lis wheat to a great distance to havo it ground, or his fond or his wool a long dii-tauce to have them converted into cloth or iron, trade diminishes, as is seen in tho ense it Ireland, India, Portugal, Turkey, and all other conn. trie subject to Biitith Iree trade i whereas, in nil those 'outlines which seek freedom of trade by aid of elli- cietit protection, to wit: Germany, Russia, Franco nnd llelgium, trade increases because there is a constant increase in llie quantity of things produced iu which to trade. Eds. Plow, Loom and Anvil. A Gimp 8tort for Gfl. Scott. Sorno four years ago, a young man called at our cilice, to subscribe for the Weekly Mirror. In the course of conversation, he stated that he was a "returned volunteer from ttie Mexican war," and instead nf lonling nboitt New York, and begging nltns of ihn corporation of the city and the Legislature of ihe State, he hud been oil to Wisconsin, bought a farm, opened a store, and was al ready t'ost Mnster ol the village. I J in bright eye. energetic manner, nod nnmly determination to fiht his own way through the world, interested us at once: and on bidding him good byo as he left the office, we remarked : " We shall next hear from you a a mem- uer oi ino iegiaiaiure. I his morning we had a vutt from ihe young man. whose tirst wonts were: "Your prediction has been fullilled. have been a member of the Legislature and a Clerk of the House," ' How are your politics (" we asked. His reply was; I mini Democrat; but nit ot gr atitude tor nun who saved my lite, shall vote for Hmlt." "How is that?" ' " Why, sir, when I was lying nn iho stone floor in the Hospital at Jalapa, parched with fever, and covered with sores, with no one tn look after me. General Scott came in and went around among all the sick and wounded. He came to me and asked it I was wound- ed. I told him I wns not; but was very sick, and could not live many days. 'Don't talk an,' said ilm ueiu-rai. no men aKeu mo ll 1 was well tended. I told him I had no attention at all. He then stooped lown. lifted np my feeble arm, felt of mv nuUe. ex. amiited my fever sores ; and sent for the Surgeon, anil ,nked bun why 1 waa thus neglected. The Surgeon sent for his assistant, who, in return, sent for the Steward nf the Hospital. The General charged llmm to take good cure of inoj and, on leaving, told mo if they IKI i'i, ut n-prni n unun m nun. on, yotl seo, Btr, lie saved my illo by his kindners, ns tie did hundreds of Ulier; nnd 1 should lie a scoundrel nut in vote tor him. They sny ho ia proud. So he Is on horseback tMi tlio battie-tteld he is Major General Seott ; but off. lie is a Kind. hearted, immune man. Tin is a true story and a story to tell N. Y. Mtrror. Mr. Clay's Funeral at Loximrton. The Observer and lieporter of TuenUv contain n Very lull and very interesting nceouut of Ihe grand ceremonies at Lexington, on the occasion nf Mr. Ulnv's funeral. They are interesting, bill long, and wo have published enough on the iihjict at other pluces to sanity pontic i iiriosnv. We liHtl the Ititlowing in the Observer: M. Ci.at's Wiu.. The will of Mr. Clay wns pre-seated in Court on Monday Inst, by two of his Exeat- i"r, mm niarina iu im nummefi in rccnid. As every thing relating to the deceased statesman is invest d with peculiar interoM nt thu present tinm, wo iio n,.i suppose Unit we violate any rule of propri -ty in bin tlv statitjg iliilt the will is drawn by hi own hand, and bears drrtn July lll'li, 18.il : that it relate almost en tirely tn Ihe disposition of Ids estate among the member of his family, and that there is then-fore but little to invest it with public interest. The only exception lo this genetal remark, is to he fnind in the provision of the will which has relation tn his slave. Bv that clause, it is provided Unit the children of bis slav born alter the tirat nf January. 1 -"(. are to be liberated and sent to Liberia; the males when tin y shall have nrrived at the ngo of 28, and iho females at the nn of 25 i that the lliree years' ol their earningi, prior tn their emancipation, are tn be reserved f r their hem lit, lor tlio purpose ul titling theni out lor their tiew homes; mid that prior to their emancipation and removal they are to tie taught tn read, write and cypher. Iho slaves iu being behu-e the at of January, IH5il, are nequeumed in his lamily. Axliliml is hit tu Mr. Clay, fir her sole use nnd henelit during her Ittej at her death it i to be sof and tin procerds divided among hit children. 1 he tollowing aro tho only specific devises made by Mr. Clav, outside his family : "I give In my friend, Dr. B. W. Dudley, ihe gold nun bog presented tu mo by Dr. Hunt, late ot Wash iiigton Uiiy. I give in my menu, uenry 1. Hunrrin, my ring cnntniniog n piece m inn eoinn el lieu. W nshingteii. "I give tu my friend. Dr. W. N. Merrer. mv siintf box inlaid with gold, said In hivo belonged to Peter the Great, Emperor nf Itnsaia." Mrs. Lueretia Clay, (Ida wife,) is 1. ft Executrix ; mid the Hon. Thomas A. Man-hall ii in I Jalllea (), Hur-rison. Esq., Execnlora of the will, with a provision thai uu security shall be required of either of llieui. Tho Whip of Avon, say tlm Lhingfltun Republican, procured a gun with which they tired salutes a few dny ainco iu honor nf (ion. Scuit. It poriormed its duty handsomely, but n Lncnfoco naked as a f ivor that nnojiun might be given for Pien e. The Whigs replied th.it the gun (a it could not faint) might lout, but the Locofoco persisted and nromiai d if ii did hural he would be quiet for the rest nl the campaign. Tho gun wa accordingly loaded, tired ami burst intn a thousand pieces, to the great chagrin of the man who wnmou uuv gun ior rieruo i Agricultural. Fixed Facts in Agriculture. The following may be assumed as fixed facts in Agriculture : 1. All lands on which clover or other grass is grown, must either have lime in ihem naturally, or that material must be artificially supplied ; u ro alters not whether it bo supplied in the form oi ev.e lime, ovsier iLell lime., or marl. All permanent improvement ! lands must look to lime a lis basis. 3. Lands which have been lorn? in culture will ha benefitted by application of phosphate of lime, and it is unimportant whether the deficiency be supplied in the form of bone dust, euano. native nhosnbnto nf limn cornpnst of fish, ashes, or in that of oyster shell lime or marl, if the laud needs liming also. 4. No lands can be preserved in a high state of fertility, unless clover and the grasses are cultivated in iii'j courso ot rotation. 5, Mould is indispensable to every soil; and a heal thy supply can alone be preserved through the cultiva tioii ot clover aud the grasses, the turning in of green crops, or by the application of composts, rich in the elements o( mould. 0'. All highly concentrated animal manure is increased in value, mid the benefits prolonged, by admixture wiih plaster, salt or pulverized charcoal. 7. Deep plowing greatly improves tho productive powers of every vaiiety of soil, that is not wet. 8. Sub-soiling sound land,' that ia, land that i not wet, is eminently conducive to increased production. !). All wet lands should be well drained. 10. All grain crops should be harvested from 7 to 10 duys beore the grain is thoroughly ripe. 11. Clover, as well as the grasses, intended for hay, should be mowed when in full bloom; and after drying partially, be put up in small cocks and thu cured. 12. Sandy lands can be most etVeclunlly improved by clay. When such lands renniro limine or marliiiff. the lime or marl is most beneficially applied when made into compost with clay. In staking lime, salt brine is better than water. 13. The chopping or grinding of grain, to be fed to stock, operates us a saving of at least 25 per cent. 11. Draining wet lands and marshes, add to their value, by making them produce more und better crops: and producing them earlier us well as improving the m an ii oi mo viciuity around. 15. To manure or lime wet land, is to throw manure Hme and labor away. lo". Shallow plowing operates to impoverish the soil, while it decreases production. 17. By stabling and shedding' stock through the win ter, n saving of JUi nf the food may be etfected; that is, 4,'h Ioks food will answer, than when exposed to uie inclemency ol the weather. 18. A bushel of piaster per acre, sown broadcast over clover, will add 100 per cent to its produce. 1!'. Periodical applications of ashes tend to keep up 'he integrity ol soils, by supplying most, if not all, of the inorganic substances. 20. Thorough preparation of land is absolutely ne cessary to the successful and luxuriant growth ot crops. 21. Abundant crops cannot bo grown fur a succession of years, unless care be taken lo provide, and ap ply, an equivalent for the substances carried oti tho land in the products grown thereon. lo preserve meadows in their productiveness, u is neceshary to harrow them well every second au tumn, apply top dressing and roll them. IM. All nt lit clay soils are benefited bv lall or win ter plowing; but should never be plowed while they are wet. If at such plowing, tho furrow be materially deepened, lime, marl or ashes should be applied. U4. ioung stock should be moderately kd witn grain, in winter, and receive generous supplies of long provender, it being essential tu keep them in fair con- lllion, in order that llie lormatioii ot muscles, Dunes, &c, may be encouraged or continuously carried on. 25. Mih-h cows, in winter, should be kept in dry, moderately warm, but well ventilated quarters, be regularly fed and watered three lima a day, salted twice or thrice a week. hve clenti beds, he curried daily, and in addition tu their long provender, should receive succulent lood, morning and evening. 20. Full complements of tools aud implements of husbandry, are intimately connected with the success of the husbandman. 27. Capital is not only necessary to agricultural suc cess, but can be as profitably uncd in fanning as in any other occupation. Punctuality in engagements was necessary loan agriculturist ns lo a merchant. 29. Every husbandman should carefully read and digest matters connected with his business: hi sve cess being as dependent upon a full knowledge of it principles and details, a is that ot the lawyer or phy-sicinu, with a knowledge ol llie science of law, or physio. .10 vt heat, ryo, oats and barley should never follow euch other in a course of rotation ; there should always be on intervening hoe crop between them. 31. IVteds should never be permitted to mature Their seed on a farm, but be pulled up or cut down, as often as they show themselves: This being the only etlectu-al moihod of eradicating them. To ensure this result, the ground thould be planted in com, and that kept clean. '.12. Time nnd labor, devoted to the collection of materials to be converted into manure, are ihe most fruitful sources of profit in the whole range of farm economy, 3'i. Tho Orchard, to bo productive of gnnd fair fruit, requires to be fed, as much as does a field of groin. The soil of each requires that the substances abstracted by the crops shall be restored. The soil should be kept clean, nnd open tu the meliorating inHoence of the sun, the dews, the rain and thn air the bark of tlm tree should be kept in a healthful condition, by scraping, when necessary, and by using alkaline washes, Ohio Iicpoiitory. How Protection benefits Agriculture. "Thorn is a firm m isiiillari, Me., ciiioiaiiiig ul tight acres, Inrlu'llng yard, Imllilin, Sto., Uuta which Was l alitor d last fallUaibuibcUot apples." Wherever the loom and tho anvil tnke their natural places by iho side of the plough and harrow, we seo that men obtain large crops from small a ir faces, and that both tho laud and it owuer become enriched. Wherever the plow and the harrow stand alone, we see them obtain small crop from large surfaces, and the owner of the land becoming poor, while the land itself is exhausted. We have here a yield ot 1,750 bushels of apples, worth probably little less than f .'.titiu. from a hirm nl eint acres, being 250 per acre, while the farmer nf Illinois obtains from ihe richest land in the world forty, fifty, or sixty bushels of corn, which lie sel's at t!5 or .10 cent per bushel j and yet he too might raise hi apple, his strawberries, and the various oilier products of the earth that would pay him by hundreds ut dollars per acre, if he would but aid iu bringing the miner nf load and the smelter of iron and copper nro tu llie suto ot himself mid Ins fellow citizens. The I'loet Loom and Anvil. Alphabetical Arlvict. H r now, JK. A. Always attend to your avocation, ovoid ale-houses ami ariful women. B. Be benevolent but not prodigal, bury oil bicker ings in llie uomuii ol turgeltiiliipss. 0. Contrive tn collect cash and keep it. 1 Do your duly nnd defy the devil, E. Early endeavor to eradicate every error, of both hend nnd tienrt. K. riiiht fair I v when yon fichti but the better war is not tu tight nt all. Piddle for no foul. (i. Grace, goodness, gumption, and a little rrme. grease, enable a man tn vlip through the world mighty ...... t:..t ii.-.- ...i ;.. !.... J ,I-T. UK-Ill n" hmj HI' in. il. Harbor hope in your heart if you would bo hap py ; but hoik ye, liopu can t render rotten the mpu of the linngmaii. I. InquisiiiveiieM is insnflerable indulge rrtit in It. J. Jnlepa may lot called the juico of joy aud the yeast of jest but let them alone, for ton lunch iokinir often d'-mrnys llie joviality of the social circle. . hmiliu'K kindles the lire ot Irielirtsuip. A kiss always avails more th.ui a kick. L. Love the ladies, look before yon leap, eschew lonferisni. M. Make nut mischief by meddling wilh other folks' bilsiuesa, N. Never bo caught napping except in the night time. O. Order is heaven's first law; obey it, P. Puisne the plain path of probity and nut in nran lice what yon will give in precept. W. Wuarrel not, quibble nut, bo not fond of asking qoeBlimiB, or addicted to queries. It. Mom ruin respectability renounce, renew and renovate. S. Seek salvation ; oh ye sinners! become saint and ye ore safe. T. Take time by the forelock; try lo turn every moment to account. U. Union unites In unity; in the whole universe there ia union ; be ye then-lore uni'.ed for ihe sake nt unison. V. Vanniiy lias cuiinection with valor, remember that. W. Women and wine brim want and woe and wretchedi.es, when wickedly indulged in. X. 'Xtra 'xetiioiis accomplish 'xtrai'rdinary ends. Y. Yield to no tyrant y unman uid theiryoki fellows are lords of the ml. .. ZiM'iggma is characteristic of a xnnv i tk m strnight course through life and gealoiisly pursue il. New Tost Offices. The Republic gives the hillow mg ns Ilm now post otlieea established in Ohio, the week ending July 10th. Itolatid Centre, Mahoning county, Joshua McCis-kev, p. m. Kurlville, Portage county, Q. P. Duel, p. ni. Scnltuville, Wairen county, J, C. Berenw, p. m. lltiher, V.ii-hMigtnii enmity, Jesse Johnson, p. m-Post olhYe at Wiiiiauistowu, Moiitgnmeiy county, is ditconiinued. Appointment ut tmk Pkkhit, by and with llie advice and rotiM'iil of the S'itaie. V ii.i t am Cnn Lank, to be Governor of the Territory ol New Mexico, tn the place of J amis S.Cat.Houa, deceased.