Ohio State journal and Columbus gazette (Columbus, Ohio : 1825), 1836-04-23, WEEKLY.

              futtnwl atu SATURDAY, APRIL 23, 1830. rniNTiin and pubuhiiud nv SCOTT Jfc WRIGHT. OlHce on High-street, second dour oth of A rmat rung's Hotel. J. HAILIIACIIE, 1)1 TO 11 TERMS Two Dollnrs and Fifty Onli, in advance; or Tlirco Dollars, at the end of the year. No suliscriliar allowed to discontinue while he remains htdehtod to the olfico. A icml weekly paper Is also ismicd from this ollice, at the rate of Two Dollars for 52 numbers, or Four Dollars per yenr. Letters on Imiincss should ho adilrcixed to the Pulilixhcrf, and should he post-paid, except whan coming from Agent i. COLUMBUS, APRIL 19, 18:)(i. mr. cusuino's speech. Tlio copy of the Spooch delivered in tho House of Representatives, March 10, '1830, by W. V. II. Cusiiixg, Esq. of Clark county, on tho bill from tho Sonato to prohibit tho establishment within this Stale of Brnnchosof tho United States Bank, bag been received, and is now in tho hands of tho compositor. It will nmko u neat pamphlet of twelve pages; and bo ready for delivery in ho coursa of a few days at tho rate of twelve -dollars per thousand, or one dollar and fifty cents per hundred. Gentlemen desirous of obtaining copies for circulation, may bo supplied upon application to the Editor or Publishers of tho Journal. IMPORTANT IF TRUE. Tho Cincinnati Whig of Saturday last, notices . a report, brought to that City by stoaiu-boat pas-. scngcrs from Now Orleans, that tho Texian and Mexican nrinies had had an engagement, the . dato of which is not given, which resulted in tho . defeat of tho latter, with tho loss of from COO to 1000 men slain. It was added, that Gen. Cos, tho Mexican Commander, having been taken prisoner, was burned alive by tho Texian soldiers. This intelligence is said to have been placed on the bulletin boards of tho different newspaper . offices at Now Orleans on tho 2d iust. Two or thrco days will show how fir it is entitled to ..credit. THE APPORTIONMENT HILL. We observe, with pleasure, that tho eyes of the people of Ohio aro now thoroughly opened to the iniquities of the apportionment law of the last session. Tho design of that most unrighteous net is now generally understood. It was, if possiblo, to securo n Tory majority in tho Legislature during tho fuur ensuing years, but more especially at tho next session, so as to prevent thorc-clOc-lion of Mr. Ewino to Iho United States Senate nn object far dearer, in our opinion, to tho lead-J era of tho party, than even tho success of their Elector d Tickol. Tho powerful resistance which tho gentleman in question has uniformly opposed to the encroachments and usurpations of tho Executive his unbending firmness and un-.conqucnihlo integrity and above all, tho promi. jicnt part which ho has heretofore taken in exposing the enormous abuses of tho Post Ollico Department 'are offences which tho corrupt ionirts will neither forget nor forgive; and they will move Heaven and Earth iu order to effect his destruction.Hut " tho people are yet free." They can still protect their faithful public servants against tho fury of vindictive demagogues, and profligate office-holders. Ami that they will effectual ly defend thoir distinguished Scnatur against the utmost efforts of his onomies, nnd utterly defeat tho vilo machinations by which they havo been virtually rubbed of ono of their mist important rights that of being (airly nnd equally represent ed in tho General Assembly wo cntortain no doubt. Wo belicvo that, in spito of party preju dices and attachments, there is still public virtue enough in Ohio to s jcuro tho State from tho foul disgrace which would very properly uttach fo her, should such a man as Senator Kwinci bo turned , out, in order to propitiate tho favor, or gratify the .resentment, of tho Albany Regency and their aspiring chief; and wo think the attempt will recoil, with ten-fold force, against its projectors and their partisans. VIRGINIA. Our returns of the election, which lakes place in the Ancient Dominion in all this mouth, nroas yet too scanty to permit ns to form any estimate of the probablo result. Wo shall not, however, be greatly disappointed, should iho Van Bt'itr.N par ty succeed in retaining llieir present ascendency It is said that at least ono hundred agents of the government, with well-lined purses, aro laboring among the voters; anil as tho opposition appear to bo divided between Gen. IIarimson and Judge White, they aro not tia well prepared for action as the trained-bands." If they would succeed, ,-thcy must unite, and that without hesitation ordo-,lny, otherwise they need expect nothing but do-feat. NEW YORK CITY. Tho Clinrlor election took placo in this City on Tuesday, Wednesday, and Thursday of last week ; but no returns had reached us at Iho hour of putting our present number to press. There will prob ably bo a warm contest; but as tho Administration party aro completely organized, and Mr. Law rence, their candidate for tho Mayoralty, is popular man, nnd appears to havo given pretty general satisfaction in tho discharge of his official duties, we consider his ro-clcclion as moro than probablo. Should tho Whigs succeed, in spito of the immenso means, and superior tactics, of thcii opponents, it will indeed bo a glorious, as well as an auspicious triumph. But, wo scarcely dare to indulge the hopo of such " a consummation," liowovor ' dovoutly " wo may wish for it. A fw days will docido. CONNECTICUT. Tho Into election in this Sluto has resulted iu favor of tlio " spoils party; " who havo succeeded in carrying their candidate for Governor by a majority of 3000 votes, nnd in securing Iho ascendency in both branches of tho Legislature. Wo expect, however, that after tho Furmer of North Bend shall have been nominated as wo belicvo ho will be as " tho People's candidate " for tlio next Presidency, by tho Convention to be held in New Haven on tho 18th of May next, that a reaction will actually commence; and that the froe-men of Connecticut will, by a vigorous rally, onco more rescue that sober and intelligent Commonwealth from tho iron grasp of tho office-holders. EFFECTS OF BAD FAITH. Wo commend tho following article, extracted from a lato Poughkecpsio paper, to tho serious attention of tho pooplo of Ohio. If the effect which tho mero proposition to repeal the charter of tho Life Insurance nnd Trust Company has already had on tho credit of tho State, bo cor-roctly represented and wo enn see no reason for doubting its entire accuracy thon, it is evident that, if this highly outrageous measure had boon adopted, tho most deplorable consoqueiices must inevitably havo ensued. No loans could havo been effected fur tho construction of any of our projected improvements our contemplated Ruil-roads and Canals must have been given up and every brunch of private industry, as well as public enterprises of all kinds, wou'd havo re-ceived a shock, the pernicious effects of which might not have disappeared during tho present century. Tho hopo is confidently indulged that no proposition so mischievous will ever "gain bo ofTered to tho consideration of any Legislature of I Ohio. From tho PoiiKhkcepslo, S. Y.) K:ilo. B.vn Faith and its IIkwaru. Tlio infamous proposition, mailo by tho Van lluren party in tlio Legislature of Ohio, during tlio recent ses sion of that body, to repeal tlio Charter of tlio Ohio Trust Company, in direct violation of the sacred character of chartered rights, and the countonanoo given to it by the tory press, have had tho elfect that might well have keen foreseen. It is truo the charter was not repealed; but when such a wanton and rockloss spirit is shown by a party ruling several .States, and the Nation, what capitalist daro trust to its further good faith! That samo Legislature chartored several rail road, and othor stock companies, and among others one to Construct a rail-road from Ashtabula on I, alio I'.rie, to Liverpool on the Ohio River. This is a great work, and the stock must bo adored in distant markets or it cannot bo taken up. On this subject Sylves ter's Reporter, a leading organ of the stock brokers, justly and emphatically asks, " what assurance have tho capitalists, if they take this stock, that tho charter may not at somo future period bo repealed ! 1 Ins question is directly to the point, and will, nn doubt, have its influence upon every capitalist who looks into the subject, for no man, whatover his political no tions may bo, is willing to place Ills money at the morcy of a reckless and unprincipled parly, that may take away his rights the first timo that he, or his associates, happen to be guilty ot political iilfenco against tho party in power. If tho charter of tho Ohio Trust Company could of right bo repealed, as was maintained by the Washington dlobc, and many other leading tory organs, nothing could bo moro convenient than to start tho same " republican doctrine " against a rail-road company, as soon as their works were completed. Under such circum stances, Ohio stocks, created by a faithless par ty, must sell for humbugs, or find their market among the loco faun. No reflecting man will pay money for them. MORE HELP. Wo observe, by the following article, that the Ohio Review, published iu tho flourishing village of Cuyahoga Falls, Portage county, has raised tho H.MiitisoN standard. This paper, sinco its establishment in the winter of 1833-4, has been uniformly conducted with talent and discretion, without, however, taking nny part in tlio political contests of tho day. Wo nrc, therefore, much gratified to find that it has cotno out on thesido of, Iho people; and trust that its labors in a good cause will bo crowned with abundant success. From Hie Ohio Review. Hitherto, tliero having been (wo papers in the county, one on each sido of tho opposing political parties, wo havo thought it siillicient for us, to give a general outline of tho measures of each, without hurllicning nur readers with any comments of our own. Hut, as another political paper, in nurown neighborhood, has been established, which will no doubt circulalo in tho same section of tho county at tho 'Review &z Tunes,' we have como to tho conclu sion, that justice to ourselves, and the wclfaro of ourcoiintry, call upon us for an expression of our viowi, relative to (he leaning men and mca surcs that aro to iufluunco tho futuro destiny of our confederate Union. In giving our prefer enco to IIakiuhon for tho next President, we aro influenced chiefly by tho important consider ation, that bo lias not been a partu man. Ho has not boon a party brawler, striving for party favors, regarding party moasurcs of paramount importance to tho good of his country. Called upon by tho peoplo, to serve them, we bcliove that he would he governed in Ins administration, solely by tho good of tho peoplo. In times like the present, of high political excitement, when parties aro struggling for power, men of (he most splendid abilities, not unfrcqiicnlly lulfer their feclinsri to control their judgment, and their interest lo warp their reason, and the less their feelings and thoir interests are identified with any party, the less liablo are they to he 1 1 1 ii a influenced, and moro capablo of acting for the good of Iho whole. On this ground there is no man before Iho peoplo, for this important office, that standi as fair as William IIknhv Harrison. Wo have othor reasons for preferring Harrison, of which, together with his qualifications for the olficc, wo shall spoak hereafter. Farms for Sale. 1 of loO iirres, nne-hnlf Improved, 5 nilln on", for tloW. 1 of nrroii. one fourth Improved, 12 milnii otr, for $'')). 1 of iM nerea, two llflhl Improved, 10 lllllei on", lor f.l'UO. For pnTllculari Inquire of It. HOWS, April HI npponite the Cllnlon Hunk. Mare Lost. ffTRAYr.D swny some time Inm uprlnff, s three yenr old Sorrel Mnre, nlmut 15 hnndt hiali, with s whllo ipnt In iho face, nnd another on one Hhonldcr of slum! tho slro of n six mil piero, nnd a "nip of white mi Iho nose rnther llshUnh innde, nnd n thin iiiaiio. Any urmon who will return wild Mnre, or Rive In tiirmnttnn where she In, to the mtheenlior, nl Mount Ulloail, Marlon rounly, Ohio, ilmll lie llliemllv rewnVilrd. JONATHAN WOOn, Jr. Ml. (Jllcml, ljlliol llh mo. (April.).. 3i WEEKLY. CHAPLAIN FOR THE PENITENTIARY'. Tho atto ition of tho friends of religion nnd morality is respectfully invited to tho following Circular, recently issued by the Directors of the Ohio Penitonliary. That our State Prison, notwithstanding its excellent arrangements nnd perfect discipline, cannot bo mado what it is intended to bo a school of reform, ns well ns a place of punishment unless a regular system of moral and religious instruction bo connected with it, is undeniable. Wo hope, therefore, that tho present appeal will not bo in vain; but that a sum will bo raised sufficient to insure the pormament employment of a Chaplain, and tho purchase of such books, etc. as may bo required to touch tho poor convicts that "tho way of tho transgressor is hard," and that tho path of virtue is also lhat of safety. CIRCULAR. The undersignod, Directors of the Ohio Peni-tentiauv, respectfully address their fellow-citizens of this .State, on the subject of employing and sustaining a CHAPLAIN, or TKACIIFR, in this Institution. It is generally known, that the law authorizing tho employment of such an officer, at the expense of the State, has been repealed. That law was of such short duration, that we believe the expediency of continuing tho ollico lias not been fairly tested by cxporiinont. But so far as tlio experiment has proceeded, it tends to confirm ns in the opinion, that any syslcin of reformatory discipline, without the aid of such an officer, must lose a great portion of its efficacy.Of the two hundred and seventy-three inmates of this prison, about two-thirds are under the age of thirty years, and about forty aro under tho ago of twenty-one. Although tliero aie among them some few who have received a good education, yet a large majority of them are comparatively unlearned, and very man) cannot even read. Among those young mon, there are many who arc not hardened and Incorrigible offenders. For the want of parental restraint, and wholesome counsel in their early days, they havo contracted vicious habits, and have been led, by tho influence of evil Company, to the commission of crime. Some such, we believe to be reclaimable. They labor in silence by day, and each occupies his solatary cell by night. They hear the sound of no human voice, but of him who directs their labor. I hey may thus be prevented from becoming worse, and some may bo driven to repentance, by the force of their rcltcctions in solitude; but what reformation can bo cxpocted in thoso whose minds remain in heathenish darkness who havo scarcely heard of a difference between virtue and vice! They find in their cells a lliblo, furnished by a law of the .State; but to them it is a scaled book. That this institution may becomo in reality, what it is nominally, a Penitentiary, we believe the services of a teacher of letters, morals, and religion, indispensable One who has seen much of tho world as it is who is extensively acquainted with the chart of human life, and can point out the rocks and shoals upon which so many have been wrecked one whoso own life is regulated by the principles and precepts of tlio gospel one who can assume the place of a father to the young, and of a counsellor to the aged prisoner, can hero find a field for his operations, which, we believe, will yield an abundant harvest, in the reformation of tho convicts. Influenced by this belief, we address the Patriot, the Philanthropist, and the Christian, with full confidence that they ivill furnish us with the means of employing and sustaining a Chaplain for tho Penitentiary. All donations for this object may be sent to tho Warden of the Ohio Peniten tiary; and it is desired, that they be transmitted before the first day of June next. It gives us pleasure to state that very many of the members of (ho last Legislature expressed a willingness to contribute to this object. From them we are led to expect liberal contributions. Y therefore, respectfully request all tlio members of the Legislature, to solicit and reccivo dona tinns in their respective districts, anil transmit as above mentioned. It also gives us pleasure to acknowledge thus publicly tho receipt of a donation from the Amorican Sunday School Union, consisting of a comploto sot of all the publications of (hat benevolent institution, constituting a Sunday .School Library for this Prison. Tho aid of a Chaplain will render this donation still more valuable. JOSEPH OLDS, SVMIJF.L F. MAC('RCKF.X, BENJAMIN F. ALLFN. CoM'Mnis, April 7, lS:i.r. For the Ohio Stnlo Journnl. MAIL CONTRACTS NO. 3. Mr. Editor: One of the firm of J. A. Bryan & Co., has, in your last paper, attempted to "answor some of my plain questions by plain answers. bother ho has done so by directions of the Postmaster General, or upon his own responsibility, I cannot say; anil how far ho hassiiccecded in hisanswers, I leave the public to judge, By his sagacity be has determined that thcwntcrnl tlio articles signed Ar.pilAis"malig nant;" and lie liclieecs ho is one of the "old mo nopoly." This sagacity is not to bo wondered at, as I recollect having read some time ago, an editorial notico in n paper published in the east ern part of our Stalo, in which .Messrs. llryan & Co. aro represented as being "gentlemen of high literary attainments." I fear that in their devotion to the study of tho ornamental branch- es of literaturo and scioncc, they have ncgloct- ed tho cultivation of the usefnl-oUe why make in arithmetical blunder, in saying "their fail- ii res have been 1(11) per cent, less frequent than any previous winter." "TIia rrnllfwl iuiin wince." in it triln Kill Iron saying. Messrs. llryan Ac Co. doomed my first communication "r leetle. too in1" (how litera ry!!) but my last, although "puny, has called forth an answer. My questions, wore directed to the Postmaster Ccncral himself, ns he alone could answor them correctly, having acocss to the papers on filo in the Dvpartiuout. .My statements were all founded on information which 1 bcliove can he relied on as strictly true. With Messrs. llryan & Co., individually, I havo nothing to do. My only object is to call public attention to the manner in which one of tho most important Departments in our Oovernment is now man aged; to tho fact, lhat it is rapidly becoming a political engine in tlio bands or a corrupt party. Mr. Manypcnny must not expoct, by any threats he may mako, to provont me exposing any nnd evory abuse of power on the part of a public officer, nucb ihreatsshow a."mult!;itanl disposition, and must recoil on bis own lioad. I again call on tho Postmaster Uenoral to ad in it or deny my charges: ho has it in his powor to sot the public right on this subject; and lie owes it to his own character and tho interests of the Department, to let tho truth be known ALPHA LEGISLATIVE INSTRUCTION. The following is tho reply of Mr. Kwinu to the remarks offered in the Sonato of the United States, on the 31st tilt, by Mr. Mounts, on the presentation, by tho gentleman last named, of the preamble and resolutions of tho lato General As-scmbly of this State, instructing our Senators to vote in favor of the Expunging resolution intro. ducctl by Mr. Benton. Our co-respondent at Washington rebukes Mr. Momtis, for the unwor thy part ho acted on this occasion, in ono of his Inst letters. Mr. Presidiinti I must ask the indulgence of tho Henate, while I say a few words in reference to the written paper, just read by my honorable colleague. That paper seems, from its import, to have been drawn up and designed to exhibit a brief schedule of my past misdeeds in the Senate, accompanied with suitablo reprehension therefor: liknwiso to furnish mo with all the further instructions that aro necessary as to the manner in which I shall deport myself, and the votes that I shall give while hero; and, by way of giving tho necessary and proper sanction to the whole, something is indicated about the penalty that I shall incur if I fail to obey the Legislature, or if I disregard my honorable colleague's admonitions. All this is, doubtless, very well meant; it is certainly drawn up with much care, and ought therefore to be treated with very great respect. My honorable colleague was disappointed that I did not present tho resolutions of our Legislature, instructing mo to vote for defacing and mutilating the journals of the Senate. I can explain to him why I did not: first, let it be ob served, that those instructions wcro directed to ourselves, not to tho Senate; it was a paper not regularly to be presented a paper, indeed, which could be received only as a matter of courtesy. 1 1 therefore was not hound to present that paper by that principle which requires me to present petitions and memorials, so addres sed; it was a mere matter of choice whether I should or should not present it; and as in my judgment, it reflected no honor upon a State whoso reputation 1 have much at heart, 1 did not obtrude it here upon tho notice of this body. If theso reasons had not been sufficient to prevent my offering that paper, there were others that would have had somo weight. I did not like its contents, and could feel no pride or pleasure in being the organ through which it was communicated hero. I knew tho case to be different with my honorable colleague; and I would not therefore take upon myself an unpleasant task in order to deprive him of a very pleasant It would havo been abstracting too much from the general sum of human happiness to have done so. I did indeed wonder that my honorablo colleague delayed its presentation so long. I supposed that ho was waiting for some occasion on which he could bring it in with proper effect, when all circumstances would conspire to givo it due eclat, and that tho most favorablo occasion hoped for had not yetarrivcd. Such was my un prcssion, when once or twice I gave it a passing thought. I did not then know, or supposo, that in v collcaguo expected or wished that it should bo presented by my ham' or that ho was preparing or compiling a written philippic (o read against me in the Senate on its prcscnta tinn. I cannot, I confess, charge him with hasto or precipitation. Ho has had time enough to give the last polish to his much labored production. As for the memorials which I had the honor to present yesterday, they were received by mo with the morning's mail. 1 glanced them over, and found that they requested us to do things that must have their origin before committees of one or the other House. As I did not disapprove of the object of any of them, I, in good faith, took the most speedy mode of bringing them beforo the Senate. These, Mr, President, are the reasons why I presented tho cno set of papers, and not the other, But, if I agree to tho doctrine that the Le gislature, or rather a parly in (bo Legislature of my State, have a right to instruct me, and to require obedience, it dues not follow as a necessary consequence that my collcaguo has the same right; and I believe the Legislature have not transferred their power over me to him; at least I have received from them no directions to obey him. I must, therefore, and with very great respect, decline obedience to the mandates of my honorable colleague, and ho will also excuse me if I decline being intimidated by his threats. My colleague has, referred to instructions heretofore given mo by the Legislature of Ohio, which I refused to obey, and ho quotes these instructions as the verdict upon the appeal which I then took to tho people front the Legislature. He is right in saying that I took such appeal, but ho is wrong in averring that this is the verdict upon it. I did, sir, when instructed by a party in tho Legislature of ls;):l', to surrender my judgment to tho will of tho F.xocutive, and become the mere instrument of power, instead of the manly representative of a free peo ple. 1 did refuso to disgrace myself nnd my Slato by obodienco to such mandate, and I did appeal distinctly and directly to the people, to pronounce upon the proprioty of my course Tho result was not an affirmation of Iho instructions; not the mandato ropoaled go and he a slave but a Legislature was rotnrncd , who, by a large .. -it- ,- .i majority, rescinded in S t - , (.e .nstruct.on, of the former year, which I had disregarded. Now, sir, I supposed, and my friends supposed, that there was aq end of this matter. Judgment had been pronounced upon the subject by the sovereign powor, and few, if any, within the 00P nf my acquaintance, or sn far as 1 have heard, raised tho quostion again at tho elections ls:l.. It was not tho question upon which "rneo. mow u cu can my coi- "ague say in a prepared paper like this.wh.ch ho il-.iuiiu on,, n iiouniui irtpui i nu i ill n uui u , " , ' . '., 1 , i has road, wliero there ought to bo accuracy, how , ' , , .. .7 . rioor 'I- .. ii vi b.j umi inuat, iiiiiiiii.iiuiiaui i i.i uaiu tho judgment of the peoplo on tho appoal so lunuu (wo years ooioru: As to Iho instructions which are now present. cd and laid upon your table, 1 shall obey them or not, according to my own best judgment, and I shall, if other dulios do not ton much press upon my timo, give tho reasons which will induce tho course I may pursue. If any ono inquired of mo now, who had a right to an answer as to what that course will bo, I would not hesitate to give itl but you may rest assured, sir, of this: it will be open, manly, and independent. I will do nn weak ur criminal or dishonorable act. I will not, in obodienco to any dictntion, violato my oath as Senator, or join in degrading tho body to which I belong. In short, sir, I shall act in this mattor, not as the passive tool nf a party, but as beoomos the representative of an honest, manly, and independent people. A RINOL'LAR CASE. An Editor in Illinois, announcing tho decease of n highly respected cotcmporarv, observes, that "ho expired a few ininiitcs before his death." Wonders, ii seems, will novor cease. Iluir, Flesh, Tooth ami Scrulliic Brushes, JUST received ami for sale hy F.II.OI.Mrn'Kli. Nov. 27. No. From tho National Intelligencer. ON CORPORATIONS, BANKS, 4to. Messrs. Gales & Seaton: Can vou snare a column of your paper for tho publication of tho following remarks on Corporations? Thev uro I Irom a pamphlet lately published in Boston, en titled "An Exposition of Facts nnd arguments in support of a Memorial to the Legislature of Mas sachusetts, by c itizens of Boston and vicinity; in favor of a Bank of Ten Million?," understood to bo dratvn up by IIf.nky Lbh, Esq. 1 should ask you to publish more, nnfl, indeed, tho whole, of this very nblo and seasonable pamphlet, if tlio mass of matter necossurilv on vour hands would admit. What it contains on the sub. jeet. of Banks is, particularly, sound and sensible. A READER, "Legislators can, for instance, by granting acts of incorporation, enable individuals with small capitals to carry on Manufacturing, flank ing, insuring, aim any other pursuits requiring large capitals, in competition with the wealthi- est persons in the land. It is, as we humbly ap prehend, the early and active operation of this truly equalizing and republican principle in our State, which has enabled her citizens to nilsh their commcrco and navigation, their manufacturing and mechanical employments, to an extent unparalleled in the history of tho world. "Tho natural resources of .Massachusetts, with her confined territory, barren soil, and untrcnial climate, would not alono havo been sufficient to afford a bare subsistence to half her existing population. It is, then, tho industry and skill put in motion by this aggregation of small and scattered capital?, tho property, for tho most part, ot the middle and industrious classes, by which wo have been greatly assisted in overcoming those original impediments to success, to which wo havo beforo adverted. It is this combination of physical and pecuniary force, which it is tlio cllcct or tho Legislative acts in question to concentrate and direct, acting in harmony with, and in aid of, individuals whose pursuits are not susceptible of corporate direction we repeat, it is this power which has been one of the most effective instruments in creating ami accumulating among the people of this State as great a mass of wealth, if not a greater ono, than is possessed by an equal number of persons in the most favored parts of the Union. "If your memorialists aro right in their notions of tho effect of acts of incorporation, they will be considered as correct in saying that, on the continued exercise of corpqrato rights and privileges, and to tho further extension of them. Ibis Stato will havo mainly to rely for the fu-luro subsistence and prosperity cf her increasing population, and more especially for that large portion of her citizens who are dependent on manufacturing pursuits, destined perhaps, at somo futuro day, to be of as much, if not more, importance than any other branch of industry. " The undersigned are not ignorant ol opinions abroad at variance with those hero expressed in regard to the effects and tendencies of wealth under tho management and control of corporations. While they sincerely regret the existence of such opinions, they have a confident belief that they rest upon misapprehension of tho object, and tho effect of such associations; and they indulge nn equally confident hopo that a closer examination of the matter will obviate tho most material objections which have been urged against them. "By somo persons, acts of incorporation have nccn oojecico to as monopolies. 1 ho word is, in itself, so obnoxious, that the mero annunciation of it has a tendency to prejudice (he minds of thoso to whom it is addressed, against every thing to which it is applied, before they have taKen pains in examine Us application, or per haps even its import. Tho term, however, when applied to acts of incorporation granted by our Legislature, is not descriptive of tho thing. A monopoly, according to the common, and, we apprehend, correct acceptation of the word, is a grant by the sovereign power of a State tq nn individual, or to individuals, of the right of pur suing some employment for their solo benefit, and tq the exclusion of alt other persons who might bo disposed to pursue a similar employ ment. I or instance, if tlio Legislature should so grant tho right of insuring, hanking, trading, fishing, manufacturing, these grants would establish so many monopolies. "Xo such power exists under our Constitution; nono such was ever claimed or ever exercised; nor do we believe a grant, which such power would alono enable our Legislature to confer, was ever asked for, or ever thought of. Will it indeed bo protended, by any candid and reflecting man, that such a power, such an unconstitutional powor, has been exercised, in any act that ever emanated from the Legislature of this State! "How, he would ask, can an net framed fur the purposes ofenabling individuals tn construct a turnpike, a bridge, or a railroad, or to prose-1 cute tho business of insuring, manufacturing, or any similarconccrns, ho correctly termed a monopoly! How, we repeat, can such nn net be said to confer the power and privileges of a monopoly, namely, (bo cxclusivo right of hanking, insuring, Arc. cVc., when it is notorious and undeniable lhat all who apply for a similar act, and can show reasonable grounds why it should bo granted, may bo clothed with Hie like power and privileges, and enjoy them unmnlrslcd, in - .i i k j.... J. -4- I ,:tiiNiiiiMi Willi inu I iiuiisnima, iinv, fi ir mil ru, iio , . Commonwealth aro at this, I ' . f incornora- ted associations. lion. ' "That such abuses nf power as Ihn creation of j It is palpable, and is now generally utidcr-a monopoly would imply, in the t rue senso of stood, that the Van Burcn men, in districting mat icrm, nave cx.!fi, anu sun no exisi, in somo countries, wo nil know; but they cannot exist in ours, without a manifest violation of the fundamental principles of our Government. .,.io cliartDp ()f ,;, Itrilist. Fast India Company, lnniror : ,;,.,,,. mnllniv. L,l , .. . , no longor ill cxistonco, was a monopoly, and a , " , ., most pernicious ono. It conferred on a small numbor of individuals (he solo right of conducting tho commcrco hclwcon drcal llritain and Asia; men who, by their negligcnco, extravagance, and general had management, subjected thoir country, during (be long period of their charter, to a pecuniary loss equal, perhaps, in amount, to its national debt. In this ense, thore was nn interference allowed, and, consequently, no competitinn existed. ( ur acts of incorporation, nn the oilier hnnd, aro within the roach nf all who ask fur them, and their natural and necessary effect is not lo provent, or to restrain, hill tn create and tn stimulate competitinn. " Again, it is contended hy those who aro op- posed to ncls of incorporation, that they give ad vantages to tlio wealthy clastes over those who aro less wealthy. If theso acts could, in the re molest degree, have been productive of such cunscqiicnccs, we imagine (hero would have been intelligence enough among us (o havo discovered them, and no want of inclination nnd means for their discountenance, since legislative power is not in the hands of tho few, but of the many. . " Tho opponents of acts nf incorporation treat the mutter as if tho grunting of such acts was a new thing, an innovation upon our formor principles of legislation. It is, however, the hostility (o such ado which is of modern date, 19, Vol, XXV Whole No. MfiO. and not the exercise of legislative power which oslablishes corporations. Corporations are a-mong (ho most wise and useful .contrivances of our republican forefathers; they aro coeval with our national and colonial existenco; nothing great has ovor been accomplished will, out the direct or indirect aid which has been derived from them. They have, therefore, found friends and advocates at all times, in all places, and among all parties. " In respect to the acts in question favoring exclusively or principally the interests pf the more wealthy classes, there might be some grounds forsuch an objection, could it be shown lhat men of great wealth aro the only applicants for such acts, and, still more, wcro they tho only persons who obtained thorn; but this no one will pretend to maintain. On the contrary, a reference to our public records will probably show that where oue act has beou asked for and granted to men of the wealthiest class, there have been twenty acts granted to those who aro in search of wealth rather than iu possession of it. "Acts of incorporation, then, instead of exclusively favoring the more wealthy at the ex-ponso of the less wealthy classes, produce, in the apprehension of the undersigned, the opposite results. They enable men, as we have before remarked, of the smallest means, by a concentration of their capitals and the credit created by that operation, to originate and to Carry on undertakings which, without the power, credit, and facilities derived from such acts, would oither not bo undertaken at all, or only by individuals of great wealth, and for their solo benefit. The effect, then, of the acts in question is not to favor the rich at the expense of the poor, hut their noccssary effect is to place those who are in pursuit of wealth on a level, as men of business, with thoso who are already in possesion ot it. 1 he people or this State are too intelligent not to comprehend the truth of this proposition, and it is fur that reason that acts of incorporation are so popular among the people. "To oppose, therefore, tho granting acts of incorporation, whatever may be the motives of those who lake that part, (and the goodness of these motives we do not protend to question,! is substantially to aid in depriving the poor and industrious classes ol society ot the most efficient means of obtaining wealth, or of adding to what little they may happen to possess." From the Cincinnati Gazette, April 1 j. NON-COMMITTAL. The following is from yesterday's Republican: " Wakiiinoton, April !lh, 1830. " Air, Van Huron requests the editors of the Cincinnati Republican, to say in their paper, that ho has no knowledge of the writer of the letter, an extract from which was published in their paper ol the UUtb ot March last, purporting to have been from an inhabitant of the State of New York, and to speak Mr. Van Hureo's views upon the subject of the repeal of the charter of tho Ohio Life Insurance and Trust Company. " Mr. Van Burcn has never felt himself callcil upon to lake any part in, or express any opinion upon that question, nor has lie done so. It lias not been examined by Mr. Van lluren, cither with reference to the powers of (he Legislature, or tho rights and interests of the peoplo of the Stale; and neither the writer of the letter referred to, nor any other porsnn, has been or is authorized to speak for him upon the question." Tho extract referred to, describes Mr. Van Burcn as hostile to the doctrine of repeal. Ho won't stand it. lie has not examined the subject! Martin Van Buren unacquainted with tho great doctrines of the Constitution, in respect to Iho inviolability of private rights conferred by Legislative nets! Hero is a swoet morsel for the Repealers', The auti-rcpenliug memorialists hero must temper il as they can. APPORTIONMENT HILL. Twicstwj make rocs. The HLr of rocs li two. rikc'i Ariihmoti.-. A moral certainty is siuccptiblo of doubt, but when a matter is reduced to a mathematical certainty, there is no doubt, no contingency, no deception. Taking this as being conceded, wo will ask our readers to apply it, logollier with our motto from l'ikc't .Iritltmelic, to the statements exhibited in tho Protestor tho minority of the members of tho Senate of this State, on tho subject of tho apportionment bill. Barefaced and shameless was tho course pursued by the majority of that body; injustice, gross injustice, is stamped upon the very face of their proceedings, and stares tho rcadorin the face at the first glance. But who can wonder a Legislature (bat would seriously countcnanco tho disorganizing, revolutionary doctrino of repeal, in its fullest extent who could, toaubaervepar-ty views, invalidate a solemn contract of a for mer Legislature break down tho faith of the .State, merely to displace a public Printer Such a Legislature could not bring surprise upon us by any scheme they could invent. We set it down as one of the modern cocn uonden of the world! Rnlavia Courier, APPORTIONMENT. Wo publish to-day, the protest of the minority ef our last Slato Senate, iu regard to the ap- nnrtinnmrnt nf renrespnlnl ion in Ihn I.po-iftla. - e. t'. Wo hope that o, cry reader of onr paper read the Protest with candor and alien- i inu oihiu, wvru guvui nuu o y uuiuuiuiiaiinu iu defeat the ro-clcclion of Mr. lowing to tho Unit cd Stales' Senate. We will nut now go into an argument of the expediency or thejustico of their object; but we cannot refrain from condemning, iu the most positivo and dooided terms, the means (hoy have adapted to accomplish it. We can never he silent, while wo enjoy the republican right of freedom of speech, wheu we soo servants of a free peoplo undertaking to oao and Mtzzi.c them undertaking political stratagems and nrriii?rmniri to silence their voire in elections. Yes! the people are mutxted! They have been basoly betrayed! Their treacherous representatives, in tho Legislature, havo dono all in their power to mark tiik minority ru i.k! Does any ono ask for evidence! Ilaro it is: Old Muskingum county, with SIX TIIOI'SAXD TI1IIF.H lll'NDKFU AND 81X-TFiFN volers, is allowed in the next Legislature, ONR Keprcscntativoi anil Perry, a Van lluren county, with only three thousand and sixty vuters, has two Representatives! Thus il is throughout tho State. Tho apportionment is grossly unfair and unequal, and was evidently intended to okvkat the wiLt ok tiik ri:nrix. Tho Anti-Van Huron members of the Senate, like men, protested against the rank injustice. It now remains fur the people to rise, in thoir highest energies, and cast oH'thc political shar. kles that have bcrii thus thrown upon them by their desiguing and treacherous servants. They alono can now free thoiiiselvcs from tho lion, U of party enslavement, and prevent the evils nf Iho unrighteous project of thoir unfaithful rcprcseif; tativos. I lin liland Whig. J