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Ohio and Erie Canal in Millersport photograph
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Ohio and Erie Canal in Millersport photograph
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Description
Title
Ohio
and
Erie
Canal
in
Millersport
photograph
Subject
Ohio and Erie Canal (Ohio)
Fairfield County (Ohio)
Canals--Ohio--History--19th century
Transportation--Ohio--History
Ohio Economy--Transportation and Development
Time Period
1900s
Place
Millersport (Ohio)
Fairfield County (Ohio)
Description
This
image
is
a
reproduction
of a
photograph
depicting
a
view
of the
Ohio
and
Erie
Canal
at
Millersport
,
Ohio
, ca.
1906
. The
Ohio
and
Erie
Canal
was
one
of
Ohio's
most
important
canals
during
the
mid
nineteenth
century
.
During
the
late
1810s
,
Governor
Thomas
Worthington
and
Governor
Ethan
Allen
Brown
both
supported
the
development
of
canals
.
Both
men
believed
that
Ohioans
needed
quick
and
easy
access
to the
Ohio
River
and to
Lake
Erie
if they were to
profit
financially
.
Farmers
and
business
owners
would be
able
to
transport
their
products
much
more
easily
and
cheaply
with
canals
rather
than
turnpikes
.
Canals
would also
possibly
open
up
new
markets
for
Ohio
goods
. In
1822
the
Ohio
legislature
created
a
new
Ohio
Canal
Commission
,
which
eventually
recommended
two
routes
: a
route
that
started
at
Lake
Erie
,
passing
through
the
Cuyahoga
Valley
, the
Muskingum
Valley
, the
Licking
Valley
, and then to the
Ohio
River
along
the
Scioto
Valley
(Ohio
and
Erie
Canal)
and a
western
route
along
the
Miami
and
Maumee
Valleys
(Miami
and
Erie
Canal)
. In
1825
the
Ohio
legislature
approved
both
routes
, and
work
began
immediately
. On
July
4
,
1825
,
work
began
on the
Ohio
and
Erie
Canal
at
Licking
Summit
just
south
of
Newark
. The
surrounding
swamps
were
drained
to
create
the
Licking
Reservoir
,
today
known
as
Buckeye
Lake
, in
order
to
supply
adequate
water
for the
canal
going
north
to
Coshocton
and
south
to
Circleville
.
After
the
canal
route
was
established
, the
state
engineers
discovered
that there was a
ridge
of
hills
located
south
of the
proposed
reservoir
through
which
they would have to
cut
the
canal
.
Because
it
was
impossible
to
raise
the
reservoir’s
level
, the
ridge
had to be
cut
down
to the
level
of the
reservoir
. This "
Deep
Cut
"
marks
the
deepest
part
of the
canal
at
32
feet
and
runs
south
from
Millersport
for
nearly
two
miles
. To
finance
the
canals
, the
Ohio
government
relied
on
loans
.
Ohio
received
an
initial
loan
of
$400,000
from
bankers
and
businessmen
living
along
the
East
Coast
. The
canal
commissioners
estimated
that the
Ohio
and
Erie
Canal
would
cost
$
2.3
million
, but
it
actually
cost
roughly
$10,000
per
mile
to
finish
.
Although
the
construction
of
both
canals
nearly
bankrupted
the
state
government
, the
canals
allowed
Ohioans
to
prosper
,
beginning
in the
1830s
all
the
way
to the
Civil
War
. In
1830
the
Ohio
legislature
earmarked
funds
for the
Miami
and
Erie
Canal's
extension
to
Defiance
and
Lake
Erie
; by
1833
the
Ohio
and
Erie
Canal
was
complete
.
Once
completed
,
however
, the
state’s
canals
still
faced
numerous
difficulties
. The
effects
of
flooding
and
freezing
could
and
often
did
seriously
damage
the
canals
.
Usually
canals
in the
northern
half
of the
state
were
drained
dry
from
November
to
April
. These
difficulties
paled
in
comparison
to the
advantages
of
having
the
canals
. The
cost
to
ship
goods
from the
East
Coast
to
Ohio
and
vice
versa
declined
tremendously
, from
$125
per
ton
of
goods
to
$25
per
ton
of
goods
.
Travelers
who
were
willing
to
trade
time
for
economy
could
save
considerable
money
by
taking
a
canal
boat
.
Most
canals
remained
in
operation
in
Ohio
until
the
late
1800s
. By the
1850s
canals
were
losing
business
to the
railroads
,
which
offered
several
advantages
.
Railroads
delivered
passengers
and
goods
more
quickly
, and they were not
limited
by a
water
source
as
canals
were.
Because
of these
advantages
,
railroads
quickly
supplanted
the
canals
.
Date of Original
ca.
1906
Collection
Canal
scenes
Source
SC
966
Format
Picture
;
Black-and-white
photograph
Submitting Institution
Ohio Historical Society
Rights
Online access is provided for research purposes only. For rights and reproduction requests or more information, go to
http://www.ohiohistory.org/images/information
Type
StillImage
File Name
AL06109.tif
Image Height
4340
Image Width
4340
File Size
39379668 Bytes
Notes
Cataloged
:
Yes
Date created
2011-08-05
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