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Addison White Gun
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Description
Title
Addison
White
Gun
Subject
African American Ohioans
Civil Liberties
Guns
Slavery
Fugitive slaves
Place
Mechanicsburg (Ohio)
Champaign County (Ohio)
Description
This
gun
was
given
to
Addison
White
, a
slave
belonging
to
Daniel
G
.
White
of
Kentucky
, by
Udney
Hyde
. The
gun
measures
approximately
4
"
x
7
"
(10.16
x
15.24
cm)
.
Congress
passed
Fugitive
Slave
Laws
in
1793
and
1850
,
allowing
federal
marshals
to
arrest
slaves
that had
escaped
to the
North
and
take
them
back
to their
southern
owners
. They
could
also
arrest
northerners
suspected
of
aiding
runaway
slaves
. These
laws
were
contested
throughout
the
North
,
including
Ohio
where
one
case
received
national
press
.
It
involved
escaped
slave
Addison
White
who
arrived
in
Mechanicsburg
in
August
1856
. There he
met
abolitionist
Udney
Hyde
and
stayed
at his
farm
while
Hyde
recovered
from a
leg
injury
.
Addison
'
master
Daniel
White
learned
of his
location
because
of
letters
written
for him by
Charles
Taylor
and
sent
to his
wife
in
Kentucky
.
Daniel
White
then
went
to
Mechanicsburg
in
April
1857
with
federal
marshals
.
Addison
White
was
informed
that
John
C
.
Elliot
[a
federal
marshal]
and his
men
were
coming
to
arrest
him and
hid
in a
nearby
cabin
. He was
discovered
, and
forced
to
shoot
at
Elliot
with his
six-shooter
[pictured
above]
.
Elliot
was not
mortally
injured
,
however
,
since
the
bullet
hit
his
gun
, but the
bullet
left
a
mark
on his
cheek
and
took
a
portion
of his
ear
.
When
attempting
to
take
Addison
and
arrest
Hyde
on
grounds
of
violating
the
Fugitive
Slave
Law
,
Hyde's
daughter
ran
to
town
and
brought
back
residents
with
pitchforks
and
shovels
to
fight
the
marshals
.
Fearing
for their
lives
, the
marshals
left
, but
came
back
six
days
later
to
arrest
the
men
who
protected
White
.
Addison
White
escaped
and
managed
to
elude
the
marshals
for
several
weeks
.
Charles
Taylor
,
Edward
Taylor
,
Russell
Hyde
, and
Hiram
Gutridge
,
arrested
without
a
warrant
by the
marshals
,
saying
they were
taking
the
men
into
Urbana
for a
preliminary
trial
on
charges
of
harboring
and
protecting
a
fugitive
slave
, but
instead
headed
south
to
Kentucky
.
Learning
of the
arrests
, a
large
number
of
Champaign
County
citizens
set
off
on
horseback
to
free
their
neighbors
. The
Clark
County
sheriff
,
John
E
.
Layton
,
joined
in the
pursuit
,
bringing
a
writ
habeas
corpus
, but was
shot
and
badly
beaten
near
South
Charleston
when
trying
to
stop
the
marshals
. The
running
battle
ended
in
Lumberton
,
near
Xenia
,
when
Greene
County
Sheriff
McInteire
arrested
the
marshals.Charles
Taylor
then
decided
to
sue
Daniel
G
.
White
over
the
case
. As a
settlement
,
Taylor
and the
citizens
of
Mechanicsburg
agreed
to
buy
Addison
White's
freedom
from
Daniel
G
.
White
for
$950
During
the
Civil
War
,
Addison
joined
the
54th
Massachusetts
Infantry
and
returned
to
Mechanicsburg
after
the
war
to
work
for the
city's
street
department
.
Addison
and his
second
wife
Amanda
, are
buried
in the
nearby
Maple
Grove
Cemetery
.
Date of Original
1857
circa
Source
Historical object(s) or artifact(s)
Submitting Institution
Champaign County Historical Society
Rights
For rights and reproduction requests, go to the Ohio Historical Society's Audiovisual and Graphic Reproduction Services page at
http://www.ohiohistory.org/resource/audiovis/photodup.html;
Online access is provided for research purposes only. For rights and reproduction requests or more information, go to
http://www.ohiohistory.org/images/information
Type
StillImage
File Name
Om1123_1013684_001.tif
Image Height
575
Image Width
1235
File Size
207.107 KB
Format
picture
;
objects
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